Page 31 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ2% jk"Vªh; vk; % jk"Vªh; vk; dh /kj.kk

(ii) ljdkjh vafre miHkksx O;; (Government Final Consumption Expenditure)µljdkjh vafre uksV
miHkksx O;; dh x.kuk djus osQ fy, m|eksa }kjk ljdkj dks csph xbZ oqQy fcØh dh ek=kk dks iqQVdj
dherksa ls xq.kk dj fn;k tkrk gSA fons'kksa ls dh xbZ [kjhn dks Hkh tksM+k tkrk gSA
(2) ldy ?kjsyw iw¡th fuekZ.k (Gross Domestic Capital Formation)µblesa fuEu izdkj osQ fuos'k dks
'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSµ

(A) ldy ?kjsyw LFkkbZ iw¡th fuekZ.k (Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation)µblesa iw¡th fuekZ.k
osQ fuEu nks izdkjksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSµ
(a) fuekZ.k ij O;; (expenditure on Construction)µfuekZ.k ij fd, tkus okys O;; dh x.kuk djus
osQ fy, fuekZ.k lkexzh] tSlsµlhesUV] LVhy] b±V] Je o iw¡th lkèkuksa dh ek=kk dks mudh dherksa ls xq.kk
dj fn;k tkrk gSA bl izdkj dh] dh xbZ O;; x.kuk dks oLrq izokg fofèk (Commodity Flow
Approach) dgrs gSaA fuekZ.k ij O;; esa fuEufyf[kr ensa 'kkfey dh tkrh gSaµ(i) Loys[kk osQ fy,
vpy laifÙk dk mRiknu] (ii) miHkksDrk ifjokjksa }kjk u, edkuksa dh [kjhn] (iii) fuekZ.k LFky ij pkyw
dk;Z] vkSj (iv) iw¡thxr ejEersa tSlsµiqjkuh bekjrksa esa fd, x, eq[; ifjorZuA

(b) e'khujh rFkk midj.k ij vafre O;; (The Final Expenditure on Machinery and
Equipment)µe'khujh rFkk midj.k ij fd, x, O;; dk vuqeku nks rjhdksa ls yxk;k tk ldrk
gSµ(i) budh vafre fcØh dh ek=kk dks cktkj esa izpfyr dherksa ls xq.kk dj fn;k tkrk] gS] (ii) oLrq
izokg fofèk (Commodity Flow Approach) osQ vuqlkj izpfyr o"kZ esa mRikfnr e'khujh rFkk midj.k
dh oqQy ek=kk Kkr djosQ mls ozsQrkvksa }kjk nh xbZ dherksa ls xq.kk fd;k tkrk gSA bu nksuksa fofèk;ksa }kjk
,d leku tksM+ izkIr gksrk gSA mlesa Lo&ys[kk mRiknu osQ fy, mRikfnr dh xbZ e'khuksa rFkk midj.kksa
dh dherksa dks Hkh tksM+ fy;k tkrk gSA
(B) LVkWd esa ifjorZu ij O;; (The Expenditure on Change in Stock or Inventories)µLVkWd esa
gksus okys HkkSfrd ifjorZuksa ij fd, tkus okys O;; dh x.kuk djus osQ fy, HkkSfrd ifjorZu dh ek=kk dks cktkj
dherksa ls xq.kk dj fn;k tkrk gSA ge ldy jk"Vªh; mRikn esa mu oLrqvksa o lsokvksa osQ mRiknu osQ ewY; dks
Hkh tksM+rs gSa ftudk ,d ys[kk o"kZ esa mRiknu rks gksrk gS] ijarq fcØh ugha gksrhA

(3) 'kq¼ fu;kZr (Net Exports)µvar esa fons'kksa ls 'kq¼ fu;kZr (fu;kZr&vk;kr) osQ ewY; dh x.kuk dh
tkrh gSA fu;kZr o vk;kr dh xbZ oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa osQ ewY; eas varj dks 'kq¼ fu;kZr dgk tkrk gSA fu;kZrksa
dk mRiknu fdlh ns'k osQ mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA fu;kZr dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa dh fcØh dk
?kjsyw vFkZO;oLFkk esa mRiknu lkèkuksa dh vk; ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+rkA blh dkj.k ls fu;kZr osQ ewY;ksa dks
jk"Vªh; vk; dk Hkkx ekuk tkrk gSA vk;krksa ij fd, tkus okys [kpks± dks jk"Vªh; vk; esa ?kVk fn;k tkrk gS D;ksafd
;g O;; ?kjsyw mRikfnr oLrqvksa ij ugha fd;k tkrkA

cktkj dher ij ldy ?kjsyw mRikn = futh vafre miHkksx O;; + ljdkjh vafre miHkksx O;; +
ldy ?kjsyw i¡wth fuekZ.k (ldy ?kjsyw LFkk;h iw¡th fuekZ.k + LVkWd esa ifjorZu) + 'kq¼ fu;kZr
(fu;kZr µ vk;kr)

lkèku ykxr ij jk"Vªh; mRiknu ;k jk"Vªh; vk; Kkr djus osQ fy, cktkj dher ij ldy ?kjsyw mRikn esa ls

'kq¼ vizR;{k dj rFkk f?klkoV O;; dks ?kVk fn;k tkrk gS rFkk fons'kksa ls 'kq¼ lkèku vk; dks tksM+k tkrk gSA

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