Page 250 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
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1- O;kikj&pØ vPNs rFkk cqjs O;kikj dh le`f¼ rFkk eanh dh vofèk;ksa dk gSA
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2- O;kikj&pØ oqQy jkstxkj vk;] mRiknu rFkk dher Lrjksa esa vkorhZ gksrh gSaA

24-2 O;kikj&pØ dh voLFkk,¡ (Phases of a Trade Cycle)

,d fof'k"V pØ lkekU;r% pkj voLFkkvksa esa foHkDr gksrk gSµ
1- fOkLrkj vFkok le`f¼ vFkok mRd"kZ (upswing)

2- lqLrh (recession) vFkok Åijh eksM+ ¯cnq_
3- laoqQpu vFkok eanh vFkok vid"kZ (downswing)_ vkSj

4- iqu#Uu;u (revival) vFkok iqu#RFkku (recovery) vFkok fupyk eksM+ ¯cnqA
fofHkUu pØksa dh fLFkfr esa ;s voLFkk,¡ vkorhZ
(recurring) rFkk ,d:i gksrh gS ijarq fdlh Hkh
Peak
voLFkk dk fuf'pr dkyØe vFkok dky varjky
A ctivity Recession Prosperity
(time interval) ugha gksrkA tSlk fd ihxw us y{;
fd;k gS] pØ Hkys gh tqM+ok¡ u gks ijarq os ,d gh Prosperity E
Econom ic
ifjokj osQ gksrs gSaA ifjokjksa dh Hkk¡fr mudh lkekU;
fof'k"Vrk,¡ gksrh gSa ftudk o.kZu fd;k tk ldrk Recovery Depression Recovery
gSA xrZ (trough) vFkok uhps osQ ¯cnq ls 'kq: Trough
Trough
gksdj] pØ iqu#RFkku ,oa le`f¼ dh voLFkk esa ls
xqtjrk gS] f'k[kj ij p<+rk gS] lqLrh ,oa eanh dh O
Time
voLFkk osQ ekè;e ls fxjrk gS vkSj xrZ rd
fp=k 24-1
igq¡prk gSA bls fp=k 24-1 eas fn[kk;k x;k gSA
ge vkxs O;kikj&pØ dh bu fof'k"Vrkvksa dk o.kZu djrs gSaA

iqUk#RFkku (Recovery)

ge igys ml fLFkfr dks ysrs gSa] tc oqQN fnu eanh jg pqdh gks vkSj iqu#RFkku voLFkk vFkok fupyk eksM+ ¯cnq
'kq: gksrk gSA* vkjaHkdkjh 'kfDr;k¡* (originating forces) vFkok ^izkjaHkd* (starters) ckátkr (exogenous)
vFkok vartkZr (endogenous) 'kfDr;k¡ gksrh gSaA eku yhft, fd vèkZ&fVdkÅ oLrq,¡ f?kl tkrh gSa vkSj
ifj.kker% ;g vko';d gks tkrk gS fd vFkZO;oLFkk esa mUgsa LFkkukIkUu fd;k tk,A blls ek¡x c<+rh gS bl c<+h
gqbZ ek¡x dks iwjk djus osQ fy, fuos'k rFkk jkstxkj c<+rs gSaA m|ksx dk iqu#RFkku izkjaHk gks tkrk gSA lacaèk iw¡th
oLrq m|ksxksa esa Hkh iqu#RFkku 'kq: gksrk gSA tc ,d ckj 'kq: gks tkrk gS] rks iqu#Uu;u dh izfØ;k lap;h cu
tkrh gSA ifj.kker% vFkZO;oLFkk esa jkstxkj] vk; rFkk mRiknu osQ Lrj èkhjs&èkhjs c<+rs gSaA iqu#RFkku&voLFkk dh
izkjafHkd voLFkkvksa esa vFkZO;oLFkk eas i;kZIr vfrfjDr vFkok viz;qDr {kerk gksrh gS ftls oqQy ykxr esa
vkuqikfrd o`f¼ gq, fcuk gh mRiknu c<+rk gSA ¶ijarq T;ksa&T;ksa le; chrrk gS] R;ksa&R;ksa mRiknu de ykspnkj
gksrk tkrk gSA c<+rh ykxrksa osQ lkFk vM+pusa vkus yxrh gSa] forj.k eas vfèkd dfBukbZ gksrh gS vkSj gks ldrk
gS fd ^IykaVksa* dk foLrkj djuk iM+sµbu fLFkfr;ksa esa dhersa c<+rh gSaA¸ ykHk esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA O;kikj&izR;k'kkvksa

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