Page 252 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV v'kqHk y{k.k izdV gksus yxrs gSa_ vkSj fiQj] blls vkrad dh ,slh ygj Nk tkrh gS fd foÙkh; laLFkkvksa ls iSlk
fudyokus dh HkkxnkSM+ ijkdk"Bk ij igq¡p tkrh gS ------A lu~ 1873] 1893] 1907 esa la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk dks
blh rjg dk vuqHko izkIr gqvk FkkA¸ ,e- MCY;w- yh osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶tc ,d ckj lLrh 'kq: gks tkrh gS rks
og vius vki taxy dh vkx dh rjg HkM+dus yxrh gS] vkSj tc ,d ckj py iM+rh gS rks Lo;a viuk lSU;
ny rS;kj dj ysrh gS vkSj viuh foèoaldkjh {kerk dks vkarfjd izksRlkgu nsrh gSA¸

eanh (Depression)

tc vk£Fkd fØ;k esa O;kid ßkl gksrk gS rks lqLrh] eanh esa foyhu gks tkrh gSA oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ mRiknu]
jkstxkj] vk;] ek¡x rFkk dherksa esa i;kZIr deh gks tkrh gSA vk£Fkd fØ;k esa O;kid ßkl osQ ifj.kkeLo:i cSad
tek fxj tkrh gS] lk[k foLrkj #d tkrk gS D;ksafd O;kikjh yksx mèkkj ysus dks rS;kj ugha gksrsA cSad nj cgqr
fxj tkrh gSA izks- ,LVs (Estey) osQ vuqlkj] ¶lfØ; Ø;&'kfDr dk ;g fxjuk dherksa esa de gksus dh vkèkkjHkwr
i`"BHkwfe gS] tks mRiknu osQ lkekU; (O;kid) ßkl osQ ckotwn eanh dks y{; djrh gSA¸ bl izdkj] eanh dks
fof'k"Vrk iznku djus okys rÙo ;s gSaµlkewfgd csjkstxkjh] dherksa] ykHkksa] etnwjh] C;kt nj] miHkksx] O;;]
fuos'k] cSad tek rFkk ½.kksa esa lkekU; iru_ iSQDVfj;k¡ can gks tkrh gSa_ vkSj lc izdkj dk fuekZ.kµiw¡thxr
oLrqvksa rFkk Hkou vkfn dkµ,dne #d tkrk gSA ;s 'kfDr;k¡ lap;h rFkk vkReleFkZd gS vkSj vFkZO;oLFkk xrZ
esa igq¡p tkrh gSA

gks ldrh gS eanh ;k xr vYithoh gks vkSj ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd og i;kZIr le; ry ij gh jgsA ijarq dHkh
u dHkh lhekdkjh (limiting) 'kfDr;k¡ xfr eas vk tkrh gSa] tks laoqQpu voLFkk dk var djus yxrh gSa vkSj
iqu#RFkku dk ekxZ iz'kLr djrh gSaA bl izdkj pØ iw.kZ gks tkrk gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa T;ksa&T;ksa le; chrrk gS] R;ksa&R;ksa mRiknu de ykspnkj gksrk gSA

24-3 O;kikj&pØ lacaèkh fl¼kar (Theories of Business Cycles)

mu vusd lkèkuksa rFkk ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ dkj.k] tks pØh; mrkj&p<+ko osQ ewy esa fufgr jgrs gSa] O;kikj&pØ dk
O;ogkj fuèkkZfjr djuk dfBu gSA mUgsa Li"V djus osQ iz;Ruksa osQ ifj.kkeLo:i vusd fl¼kar lkeus vk, gSaA oqQN
rks ckg~;tkr dkj.kksa dks vkSj nwljs vartkZr dkj.kksa dks pØksa osQ fy, mÙkjnk;h ekurs gSaA oqQN vFkZ'kkL=kh rks
O;kikj&pØ fl¼karksa dk eqæk rFkk xSj&eqæk fl¼karksa esa oxhZdj.k djrs gSa] tcfd nwljs mUgsa okLrfod]
euksoSKkfud] ekSfæd vkSj mu fl¼karksa esa] tks O;;] cpr rFkk fuos'k esa lacaèk j[krs gSa] foHkDr djrs gSaA ij ge
vxys nks vè;k;ksa esa pØksa osQ rhu vkèkqfud egÙoiw.kZ ekWMyksaµlSE;wYlu ekMy] fgDl ekMy rFkk dkYMj ekWMy
dh ppkZ djsaxsA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

cgqfodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions) :

3- O;kikj&pØ iw¡thoknh vFkZO;oLFkk dk gSµ
(v) vax (c) izR;ax
(l) R;kx (n) fo"k;A

246 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY