Page 90 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI
P. 90
lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar
Y or Y = Y + Y ...(1)
uksV m P t
rFkk] C = C + C . ...(2)
p t
tgk¡ p LFkk;h vkSj t vLFkk;h] vk; Y ,oa miHkksx C dks O;Dr djrs gSaA
ÚhMeSu LFkk;h vk; dks bl izdkj ifjHkkf"kr djrk gS] ¶vius èku dks T;ksa dk R;ksa lqjf{kr j[krs gq, dksbZ
miHkksDrk&bdkbZ vk; dh ftl ek=kk dk miHkksx dj ldrh gS (;k le>rh gS fd miHkksx dj ldrh gS)A¸ ;g
vk; fdlh ikfjokfjd bdkbZ dh izeq[k gksrh gS tks vkxs dky&f{kfrt (time-horizon) rFkk nwjn£'krk ij fuHkZj
djrh gSA blosQ varxZr ;s lc lfEefyr jgrs gSa tSls ifjokj dk xSj&ekuo (non-human) èku&vtZdksa
(earners) osQ O;fDrxr xq.k] vtZdksa dh vk£Fkd fØ;k osQ xq.k tSls fd mudk O;olk;] vk£Fkd fØ;k dk LFkku
vkfnA
D;ksafd miHkksDrk dh ekfir vk; vFkok pkyw vk; Y gS] blfy, ;g fdlh Hkh vofèk esa mldh LFkk;h vk;
ls vfèkd ;k de gks ldrh gSA ekfir vk; rFkk LFkk;h vk; eas bl rjg osQ varj vk; osQ vLFkk;h Hkkx (Y )
t
osQ dkj.k gksrs gSaA vkdfLed ykHkksa vFkok gkfu;ksa rFkk pØh; ifjorZuksa osQ ifj.kkeLo:i vLFkk;h vk; c<+ ;k
?kV ldrh gSA ;fn vkdfLed ykHk osQ dkj.k vLFkk;h vk; èkukRed (positive) gksxh] rks ekfir vk; LFkk;h
vk; ls c<+ tk,xhA ;fn pksjh gks tkus ls (vFkok gkfu osQ dkj.k) vLFkk;h vk; ½.kkRed gksxh] rks ekfir
vk; ?kVdj LFkk;h vk; ls de tks tk,xhA vLFkk;h vk; 'kwU; Hkh gks ldrh gS vkSj ml fLFkfr esa ekfir vk;
LFkk;h vk; osQ cjkcj gksxhA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
---------------
1- izQhMeSu bl er dks vLohdkj djrs gSa fd ¶pkyw ;k ekfir vk;¸ dks fuèkkZfjr djrh gSA
---------------
2- vkdfLed ykHkksa ;k gkfu;ksa rFkk pØh; ifjorZuksa osQ ifj.kkeLo:i vLFkk;h vk; ldrh
gSA
LFkk;h miHkksx mu lsokvksa dk ewY; gS ftls fdlh fo'ks"k vofèk esa miHkksx djus dh ;kstuk cukbZ tkrh gSA
ekfir miHkksx dks Hkh nks Hkkxksa eas foHkDr fd;k x;k gS % LFkk;h miHkksx (Cp) rFkk vLFkk;h miHkksx (Ct)A ekfir
miHkksx LFkk;h miHkksx ls vfèkd] de vFkok mlosQ cjkcj gks ldrk gS tks bl ckr ij fuHkZj djsxk fd D;k
vLFkk;h miHkksx èkukRed] ½.kkRed vFkok 'kwU; gSA LFkk;h miHkksx (C ), LFkk;h vk; (Y ) dk xq.kkad (k) gksrk
p p
gSA
C = k Y
p p
vkSj] k = f (r,w,u) .
blfy,] C = k (r,w,u) Y ...(3)
p p
tgk¡ k (xq.kkad)] C;kt dh nj (r), oqQy èku vFkok jk"Vªh; vk; ls laifÙk ,o xSj&laifÙk vk; osQ vuqikr (w),
vkSj miHkksDrk dh miHkksx izo`fÙk (u) dk iQyu gSA bldk dkj.k fLFkjkad k( = C /Y ) gS tks LFkk;h vk; ls Lora=k
p p
gSA bl izdkj k miHkksx dh LFkk;h vkSj lhekar izo`fÙk gS rFkk APC = MPC.
ÚhMeSu us mu izfrdkjd (off-setting) 'kfDr;ksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k gS ftuls ;g ifj.kke izkIr gksrk gSA C;kt
dh nj (r) dks ysa] rks 1920 osQ n'kd ls blesa nh?kZdkfyd (secular) iru gksrk jgk gSA blls k dk ewY; c<+us
yxrk gSA ijarq jk"Vªh; èku (w) ls laifÙk rFkk xSj&laifÙk vk; osQ vuqikr esa nh?kZdkyhu iru gqvk gS ftlls k
dk ewY; ?kVrk gSA miHkksx dh izo`fÙk rhu dkj.kksa ls izHkkfor gqbZ gSA izFke] iQkeZ ([ksr) dh tula[;k esa rhoz
84 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
