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yksd foÙk

uksV 4- fofHkUu iz'kklfud ,oa vU; izfrca/ksa osQ dkj.k ljdkjh O;; mRiknu lqfo/kvksa dk l`tu djus rFkk mudk
leqfpr mi;ksx djus esa le; yxrk gSA blls ljdkjh mRiknu dh vkSlr ykxr c<+rh gS ftlosQ iQyLo:i
ljdkj dks ljdkjh oLrqvksa (lsokvksa) dh dherksa dks c<+kuk iM+rk gSA

16-12 vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fu;a=k.k esa Hkwfedk (Role in Regulating the Economy)

lkoZtfud ½.k vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fu;a=k.k gsrq ljdkj osQ gkFkksa esa ,d l{ke uhfr gfFk;kj dk dke nsrh gSA blosQ
ekè;e ls fu£n"V y{;ksa dh izkfIr gsrq foÙkh; <k¡ps (laLFkkvksa] ck”kkj vkfn) dks ;Fkksfpr <ax ls izHkkfor fd;k
tk ldrk gSA lkoZtfud ½.k vFkZO;oLFkk dh lexz lk[k iw£r dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ ?kVd gksrk gSA ^rjyrk*
(liquidity) dh lexz miyfC/ esa bldk dkiQh cM+k vuqikr gksrk gSA ,d vFkkZuqlkj ^rjyrk* iz;qDr&;ksX;
Ø;'kfDr (readily usable purchasing power) dk gh nwljk uke gSA vr% lkoZtfud ½.k dh ek=kk rFkk
blosQ ?kVdksa esa ifjorZu }kjk rjyrk dh ek=kk vkSj blosQ izokgksa esa mi;qZDr ifjorZu fd, tk ldrs gSaA ;fn
lkoZtfud ½.k dk C;kSjs&okj vè;;u fd;k tk, rks Kkr gksrk gS fd vYikof/d ½.k nh?kkZof/d ½.kksa dh
rqyuk esa vf/d rjy gksrs gSaA vr% ljdkj mi;qZDr tkudkjh osQ vk/kj ij ;g r; dj ldrh gS fd ½.k uhfr
dk foLr`r <k¡pk D;k gks] rFkk mlosQ dkykof/ <kaps esa D;k ifjorZu fd;k tk,] vkfnA

mnkgj.kkFkZ] vFkZO;oLFkk esa LiQhfr osQ pj.k esa rjyrk dh miyC/rk esa deh ykus osQ mís';ksa ls vYidkyhu ½.k
osQ vuqikr esa deh rFkk nh?kZdkyhu ½.k dh jkf'k esa c<+ksÙkjh djus dh uhfr gksuh pkfg,A blh izdkj ljdkj
}kjk vius m/kj esa c<+ksÙkjh osQ lkFk O;; esa deh djus ls dherksa ij ncko ?kVus dh vk'kk dh tk ldrh gSA
blosQ foijhr tc vFkZO;oLFkk dks eanh dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gS rks lkoZtfud ½.k dh oqQy ek=kk esa deh
osQ lkFk&lkFk nh?kZdkyhu ½.k dk vuqikr Hkh c<+k nsuk pkfg,A ½.k uhfr osQ dk;kZUo;u esa osQUnzh; cSad osQ
[kqys ck”kkj osQ lapkyu (open market operations) dh Hkh ,d eq[; Hkwfedk jgrh gSA blh izdkj
lkoZtfud ½.k }kjk C;kt dh njsa rFkk cSad lk[k Hkh izHkkfor gksrs gSaA bl izHkko dh tkudkjh mi;qZDr losZ{k.k
rFkk lS¼kafrd fo'ys"k.k osQ }kjk izkIr dh tk ldrh gS rFkk blosQ vk/kj ij ½.k uhfr esa ;Fkksfpr la'kks/u
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mi;qZDr foospu ls ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd ljdkj dh ½.k uhfr rFkk jktdks"kh; uhfr vkSj osQUnzh; cSad dh
ekSfnzd uhfr esa cqfu;knh rkyesy gksuk pkfg, D;ksafd rhuksa uhfr;ksa osQ y{;ksa vkSj muesa lacaf/r xfrfof/;ksa esa
Vdjko dh fLFkfr mRiUu gksus dh laHkkouk cM+h izcy gksrh gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ ,sls Vdjko dh ,d fLFkfr og gS
ftlesa osQUnzh; cSad eqnzk vkSj lk[k dh izpfyr ek=kk ?kVkuk pkgrk gks] ijarq ljdkj viuk ctVh; ?kkVk iwjk djus
osQ fy, osQUnzh; cSad ls m/kj ysuk pkgrh gksA blh izdkj ;g Hkh laHko gS fd ljdkj viuh C;kt ykxr dks
de j[kus osQ fy, vYidkyhu lkoZtfud ½.kksa osQ i{k esa gks] ijarq osQUnzh; cSad ck”kkj esa rjyrk dks ?kVkus
osQ fy, nh?kZdkyhu ns;rkvksa dk vuqikr c<+kuk pkgrk gks rFkk C;kt dh nj esa o`f¼ pkgrk gksA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

cgqfodYih iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions) :
11. vk£Fkd fodkl osQ lkFk eqnzk vkSj lk[k dh vko';drk esa D;k ifjorZu gksrk gS\

(v) c<+rh tkrh gS (c) ?kVrh tkrh gS
(l) leku jgrh gS (n) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ughaA
12. gj vFkZO;oLFkk dks viuh mRiknu {kerk cuk, j[kus osQ fy, fdldh vko';drk gksrh gS\
(v) vk; vkSj O;; dh (c) cpr vkSj fuos'k dh

(l) fuos'k vkSj O;; dh (n) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
194 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY