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bdkbZ—2% vf/dre lkekftd ykHk dk fl¼kar

• ljdkjh O;; izR;sd fn'kk esa Bhd ml lhek rd fd;s tkus pkfg, fd ftlls fdlh Hkh {ks=k esa bl O;; uksV
dh FkksM+h&lh vkSj o`f¼ ls lekt dks izkIr gksus okys ykHk esa] vkSj blosQ foijhr djk/ku vFkok vU;
ljdkjh vk; osQ vU; fdlh lk/u esa dh tkus okyh FkksM+h&lh Hkh o`f¼ ls gksus okyh gkfu esa] leku
lUrqyu LFkkfir fd;k tk losQA ;g fu;e ljdkjh O;; rFkk ljdkjh vk; nksuksa dh gh ,d vkn'kZ lhek
izLrqr djrk gSA

• fofHkUu mi;ksxksa (uses) osQ chp lk/uksa dk caVokjk bl izdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd larqf"V dk lhekar
izfriQy (marginal return of satisfaction) lHkh mi;ksxksa esa ,d leku gksA
• ;fn U;wure oqQy R;kx dh fLFkfr ykuh gS rks djksa dks bl izdkj ck¡Vk tkuk pkfg, fd djksa osQ :i

esa vnk fd;s /u dk lhekar rqf"Vxq.k lHkh djnkrkvksa osQ fy, leku gksA
• forj.k esa lq/kj dk vFkZ gSµ(d) fofHkUu O;fDr;ksa ,oa ifjokjksa dh vk; esa ikbZ tkus okyh vlekurkvksa
dks] tks vf/dka'k lH; lektksa esa ikbZ tkrh gS] de djuk] ([k) oqQN O;fDr;ksa ,oa ifjokjksa] fo'ks"k :i
ls lekt osQ fu/Zu oxZ osQ yksxksa dh vkenfu;ksa esa] fofHkUu le;ksa esa gksus okyh Hkkjh ?kV&c<+ dks lekIr
djukA

2-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• jktLo (Revenue)µjkT; dh vk;A
+
• izfrj{kk (Defence)µfgIkQktrA
2-5 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)

1- vf/dre lkekftd ykHk osQ fl¼kUr dh O;k[;k djsaA
2- lk/uksa dk c¡Vokjk fdl izdkj fd;k tkrk gS\
3- dj yxkrs le; fdu&fdu rF;ksa dks è;ku esa j[kuk pkfg,\
4- fuEufyf[kr ij fVIi.kh fy[ksaµ

(a) O;; dh lhek (b) dj foHkktuA
mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answers: Self Assessment)

1. vf/dre lkekftd ykHk 2. vFkZ'kkL=kh 3. mi;ksfxrk 4. lhekar
5. mRiknu 6. (v) 7. (c) 8. (l)A

2-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)

iqLrosaQ 1. yksd foÙkµU;w jkW;y cqd oaQiuhA
2. yksd foÙkµ,p-,y- HkkfV;k] fodkl ifCy¯'kx gkml izk- fy-A

3. euh cSa¯dx ,aM ifCyd iQkbusalµlaqnje oh] vYiQk ifCy-] 2009A

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 35
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY