Page 38 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV
uksV Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
1. yksd foÙk osQ fl¼kar dks --------- dk fl¼kar Hkh dgrs gSaA
2. ,Me fLeFk --------- FkkA
3. tc ljdkj /u O;; djrh gS rks --------- esa oqQN o`f¼ gksrh gSA

4. izR;sd O;; ls --------- mi;ksfxrk leku jguh pkfg,A
5. O;; ,slk gks fd --------- c<+sA

2-2 vf/dre lkekftd ykHk (Maximum Social Advantage)

fu"d"kZ osQ :i esa vc dgk tk ldrk gS fd ,sls rhu ewyHkwr fl¼kUr gSa tks fd foÙkh; dk;Zokfg;ksa esa ljdkj
dk ekxZn'kZu djrs gSa rFkk vf/dre lkekftd ykHk osQ vkn'kZ dks izkIr djus esa ljdkj dh lgk;rk djrs gSaµ
1- O;; dh lhekµljdkjh O;; ml lhek rd gh fd;k fd;k tkuk pkfg,] tgk¡ fd jkT; }kjk [kpZ fd;s /u
dh vfUre bdkbZ ls turk dks izkIr gksus okyk ykHk ljdkjh vk; dh mlh bdkbZ osQ izkIr djus esa turk ij
iM+us okys R;kx osQ Bhd cjkcj gksA
2- jkT;ksa osQ lk/uksa dk foHkktuµ[kpZ dh fofHkUu enksa osQ chp jkT; osQ lk/uksa dk c¡Vokjk bl izdkj fd;k
tkuk pkfg, fd izR;sd lk/u ls izkIr gksus okyh lUrqf"V dk lhekUr izfriQy ,d leku gksA
3- dj foHkktuµdjksa dk c¡Vokjk Hkh bl izdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd yksxksa }kjk /u dk tks lhekUr rqf"Vxq.k
djksa osQ :i esa vnk fd;k tk;s] og lHkh djnkrkvksa dk ,d leku gksA

lkekftd ykHk dh dlkSVh (Test of Social Advantage)

izks- MkYVu us lkekftd ykHk osQ ijh{k.k dh oqQN dlkSfV;ksa dk Hkh lq>ko fn;kA mUgksaus dgk fd yksd foÙk dh
dk;Zokfg;ksa osQ }kjk oqQN y{; izkIr fd;s tkus pkfg,A ftuosQ }kjk lEiw.kZ :i esa] leqnk; osQ lkekftd ykHk
esa o`f¼ gksA muosQ }kjk lq>kbZ tk¡p&dlkSfV;k¡ fuEu izdkj gSaµ
(1) lekt dk laj{k.k (Preservation of Community)µizR;sd ljdkj dk ;g dÙkZO; gS fd og vkUrfjd
v'kkfUr rFkk vO;oLFkk rFkk cká vkØe.k ls lekt dh j{kk djsA vkUrfjd 'kkfUr rFkk cká lqj{kk ls ukxfjdksa
esa vkRefo'okl iSnk gksrk gS vkSj mudk vk£Fkd thou mUur gksrk gS ftlls lkekftd ykHk esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA
vr% ;g vR;Ur vko';d gS fd lsuk] iqfyl rFkk U;k;ky;ksa vkfn dh LFkkiuk dh tk, rkfd ns'k osQ vkUrfjd
o cká 'k=kqvksa dh /efd;ksa dk liQyrkiwoZd eqdkcyk fd;k tk losQA izR;sd fLFkfr esa ;g jkT; dk ije
dÙkZO; gS fd og vius ukxfjdksa osQ vk£Fkd rFkk vuk£Fkd] nksuksa gh izdkj osQ dY;k.k esa o`f¼ djsA og ns'k
rFkk fons'k osQ fy, 'kkfUr rFkk lgvfLrRo (peace and co-existence) dh uhfr dk vuqlj.k djs] vU;Fkk lsuk]
iqfyl] U;k;ky;ksa vkfn ij gksus okys vuqRiknd O;; esa vf/d o`f¼ gks tk;sxh] ftldk ns'k osQ vk£Fkd thou
ij izfrowQy izHkko iM+sxkA
(2) mRiknu esa lq/kj (Improvement in Production)µyksd foÙk dh dk;Zokfg;ksa dk nwljk y{; ;g gksuk
pkfg, fd ns'k esa mRiknu dk Lrj m¡Qpk mBs rkfd lekt osQ vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa o`f¼ gks losQA mRiknu esa o`f¼
;k lq/kj dk vFkZ gSµ¶(d) mRiknu 'kfDr esa o`f¼] rkfd izfr Jfed }kjk de iz;Ru djosQ vf/d mRiknu
fd;k tk losQ] ([k) mRiknu osQ laxBu esa lq/kj] rkfd csjkstxkjh rFkk vU; dkj.kksa ls gksus okyh vk£Fkd lk/uksa
dh cjcknh dks U;wure fd;k tk losQ] vkSj (x) mRiknu dh jpuk rFkk mlosQ Lo:i esa lq/kj] rkfd ,slh
oLrqvksa dk mRiknu gks ftuls lekt dh vko';drk,¡ loksZÙke :i esa iwjh dh tk losaQA¸ vr% yksd foÙk dh
dk;Zokfg;ksa (ljdkjh O;;] djk/ku rFkk ljdkjh ½.k vkfn) dk mís'; ;g gksuk pkfg, fd bu rhuksa y{;ksa
dks iwjk fd;k tk, ftlls fd mRiknu esa vkSj lekt osQ vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa o`f¼ gksA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
32 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY