Page 108 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

jgh gks vkSj Hkwfe lq/kjksa dk dksbZ uke ysus okyk u gksA cktkj vkSj ljdkj dks viuh Hkwfedkvksa dks Li"V djrs
uksV
gq, os dgrs gSa fd ¶Hkkjr esa oqQN {ks=kksa esa cgqr vf/d ljdkjh gLr{ksi gSa tks cgqr ls nwljs {ks=kksa esa vi;kZIr
o vizHkkodkjh dk;ZokghA¸ osQoy cgqr de cktkj ;k cgqr vf/d cktkj osQ mipkj dh t:jr ugha gSA cktkj
,d vkStkj gS tks ekuoh; {kerkvksa osQ fodkl esa ennxkj gks ldrk gSA ljdkj vkSj vke turk dh lfozQ;
Hkwfedk dks js[kkafdr djrs gq, ,d cktkj vjktdrkokn osQ izfr lroZQrk mudk egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gSA mnkjhdj.k
ls lEcfU/r voljksa dh pkgs tks Hkh lhek gks] ;fn ljdkj f'k{kk] LokLF; vkSj yxHkx Hkqyk fn;s x;s Hkwfe lqèkkj
ij okLro esa è;ku ns rks Lo;a esa ;g miyC/ gksxhA
(2) vdky vkSj fu/Zurkμizks- veR;Zlsu us bl izpfyr /kj.kk dks pqukSrh nh gS fd [kk|kUu dh deh
gh vdky dk ,dek=k dkj.k gksrk gSA vdky ges'kk [kk|kUu dh deh ls ugha vkrsA Hkq[kejh dh leL;k
dks osQoy ijEijkxr vFkZ'kkL=k osQ [kk¡ps esa gh lhfer ugha j[kk tk ldrk gSA ;gha ij lkekftd ewY; n'kZu]
uhfr'kkL=k] ljdkj dh lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 'kSf{kd] lkaLo`Qfrd vkfn uhfr;k¡ Hkh egRoiw.kZ gks tkrh gSaA
izks- lsu egkjk"Vª vkSj vizQhdh ns'k lkgsy dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, crkrs gSa fd lu~ 1970 osQ n'kd esa nksuksa
{ks=kksa dks lw[ks dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA [kk|kUu dh miyC/rk egkjk"Vª dh vis{kk lkgsy esa nqxquh Fkh ysfdu
ejus okyksa dh la[;k lkgsy esa gh T;knk Fkh] tcfd egkjk"Vª esa ,d&nks yksxksa dh gh Hkw[k ls ejus dh
?kVuk,¡ lkeus vk;haA dkj.k Li"V Fkk] egkjk"Vª esa xzkeh.k jkstxkj dk;ZozQeksa us LFkkuh; fuokfl;ksa dh ozQ; 'kfDr
cuk;s j[kh] tcfd lkgsy ,slh dksbZ dkjxj O;oLFkk [kM+h ugha dj ik;kA izks- lsu ;g ekurs gSa fd vdky
ls cpus osQ fy, yksdrU=k lcls vPNh iz.kkyh gS D;ksafd foi{k vkSj ehfM;k osQ ncko osQ dkj.k ljdkj
bl leL;k dks gy djus osQ fy, ckè; gksrh gS] tcfd fujaoqQ'k iz.kkyh osQ lkeus ,slh dksbZ ckè;rk ugha
gksrhA

xjhch mUewyu cgqr oqQN ljdkjh uhfr;ksa ij fuHkZj djrk gSA os xjhch dks O;kid fuj{kjrk] fuEu Lrj dh
LokLF; O;oLFkk] v/qjs Hkwfe lq/kjksa] fyax&Hksn] efgykvksa dks vf/dkjksa ls oafpr j[kuk vkSj cPpksa dks mis{kk
osQ :i esa ns[krs gSaA MkW- lsu us lq>ko fn;k gS fd if'peh ns'kksa dh rjg gh yksxksa osQ fgr osQ fy, ,d
lkekftd O;oLFkk viuk;h tk;sA fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk osQ oS'ohdj.k ls ykHk mBkus vkSj detksjksa dh blls
j{kk djus osQ fy, fHkUu ns'kkssa dks ^lkekftd lqj{kk O;oLFkk* dh t:jr gSA

(3) fo"kerk ij iqufoZpkjμizks- lsu dh gky esa gh ,d iqLrd izdkf'kr gqbZ gSμ^bu bDofyVh jht
,DtkfeM*A blesa mUgksaus ^lHkh yksx tUetkr leku gSa* dk fl¼kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gSA ;g fl¼kUr bl rF;
ls gekjk è;ku gVk nsrk gS fd gekjh fyax] mez] izfrHkk vkSj 'kkjhfjd {kerkvksa esa vUrj gSa rFkk gekjh HkkSfrd
ykHk dh fLFkfr;ksa vkSj lkekftd i`"BHkwfe esa Hkh fHkUurk,¡ gSaA
(4) lsu funsZ'kkadμfdlh Hkh vFkZO;oLFkk esa xjhch osQ lkFk&lkFk fo"kerk dk vè;;u vkSj mldk fujkdj.k
vko';d gSA blosQ fy, fo"kerk dh eki vko';d gS vkSj blosQ fy, t:jh gSμ,d mi;qDr ekin.MA bl
mi;qDr ekin.M dh gh ppkZ izks- lsu us 1973 esa izdkf'kr viuh iqLrd ^vkWu bdksukfed bu DokfyVh* esa
dh gSA izks- lsu us xjhch funsZ'kkad cukus osQ fy, ,d u;k iQkewZyk fn;k tks xjhch js[kk ls uhps jgus okyksa dh
vk; esa fo"kerk ij vk/kfjr gSA ;g iQkeZyk ^funsZ'kkad* (Sen Index) osQ uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA ;g funsZ'kkad
;w-,u-Mh-ih- dh ekuo fodkl dh fjiksVZ osQ fy, ekuo fodkl lwpdkad dh x.kuk esa lgk;d gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- lgh fodYi pqfu, (Choose the correct option)μ
1. Hkkjr osQ xzkeh.k {ks=k esa xjhch dk lcls egÙowi.kZ dkj.k gS&
(d) csjkstxkjh ([k) iw¡th dh deh
(x) tula[;k dh mPp o`f¼ nj (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

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