Page 92 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV vUr{ksZ=kh; vkSj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj esa lekurk,a (Similarities Between Interregional
And International Trade)
bu nksuksa esa fuEu fcUnqvksa ij lekurk,a fn[kk;h nsrh gSaμ

(1) fof'k"Vhdj.k vkSj JefoHkktuμvkUrfjd O;kikj esa nks {ks=kksa esa tks O;kikj gksrk gS og fof'k"Vhdj.k
dk ifj.kke gS_ tSls] egkjk"Vª mÙkj izns'k dks dikl csprk gS D;ksafd egkjk"Vª esa dikl iSnk djus dh
vuqowQy n'kk,a gSa rFkk mÙkj izns'k egkjk"Vª dks 'kDdj csprk gS D;ksafd mÙkj izns'k esa 'kDDj m|ksx dks
fodflr gksus dh vuqowQy n'kk,a gSaA blh izdkj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj esa Hkh nks ns'kksa osQ chp gksus okys O;kikj
dk vk/kj {ks=kh; fof'k"Vhdj.k gksrk gSA

(2) oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dk fofue;μnksuksa izdkj osQ O;kikjμvkUrfjd rFkk vUrjkZ"Vªh;μesa oLrqvksa vkSj
lsokvksa dk fofue; fd;k tkrk gSA eqnzk osQ pyu us bl fofue; dks ljy ,oa lqfo/ktud cuk fn;k gSA
(3) O;kikj osQ fy, nks i{kμftl izdkj vkUrfjd O;kikj osQ nks i{k gksrs gSa mlh izdkj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj
esa Hkh nks i{k gksrs gSa tks ;k rks mu nksuksa ns'kksa dh ljdkjsa vFkok futh O;fDr gks ldrs gSaA ljdkj }kjk
fd;s x;s O;kikj dk vfUre y{; euq"; gh gksrk gS rFkk ljdkj Hkh O;kikj osQ vUrxZr O;kikfj;ksa dh rjg
dk;Z djrh gSA
(4) ,sfPNd lkSnkμnks i{kksa osQ chp gksus okyk O;kikj izk;% ,sfPNd gksrk gSA ftl izdkj vkUrfjd O;kikj
osQ vUrxZr nks i{kksa dks O;kikj djus osQ fy, ckè; ugha fd;k tk ldrk mlh izdkj nks ns'kksa dks Hkh O;kikj
djus osQ fy, foo'k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ;s nks i{k rks mlh le; O;kikj djrs gSa tc blls nksuksa i{kksa
dks ykHk gksrk gSA
(5) lkekftd lEcU/μtc ,d gh ns'k nwjLFk {ks=kksa esa O;kikj gksrk gS rks nksuksa esa ,d&nwljs osQ lkekftd
jhfr&fjokt vkSj ijEijkvksa dk vknku&iznku gksrk gS] tSls xqtjkr vkSj i- caxky osQ chp O;kikj gksxk
rks nksuksa ,d&nwljs dh laLÑfr;ksa ls ifjfpr gksaxsA blh izdkj tc nks ns'kksa osQ chp O;kikj gksrk gS rks mlesa
Hkh lkekftd vkSj lkaLÑfrd fopkjksa dk vknku&iznku gksrk gSA
vUr{ksZ=kh; vkSj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dh foHksnd fo'ks"krk,¡ (Distinguishing Features of
Inter Regional And International Trade)

izfrf"Br vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us vUrjk"Vªh; O;kikj osQ fy, ,d i`Fko~Q fl¼kUr dk izfriknu fd;kA blosQ ihNs vusd
dkj.k gS tks vkUrfjd vkSj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj esa vlekurkvksa dks izdV djrs gSa rFkk ftuls ;g Kkr gksrk
gS fd vkUrfjd O;kikj dh rqyuk esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj osQ fu;eksa dk O;ogkj fcYoqQy vyx gksrk gSA ;s foHksnd
dkj.k bl izdkj gSaμ
(1) lk/uksa esa xfr'khyrk dk vHkko (Immobility of Factors)μizfrf"Br vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa osQ erkuqlkj ,d
ns'k osQ Hkhrj ,d mRiknu&{ks=k ls nwljs mRiknu&{ks=k esa rFkk ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku esa Je vkSj iwath
esa xfr'khyrk ik;h tkrh gS] fdUrq nks fofHk ns'kksa esa Je vkSj iwath esa xfr'khyrk dk vHkko jgrk gSA
nks ns'kksa esa Jfedksa esa blfy, xfr'khyrk ugha ik;h tkrh D;ksafd muesa jgu&lgu] lkekftd jhfr&fjokt]
[kkus&ihus dh vknrsa] Hkk"kk bR;kfn esa vUrj jgrk gS rFkk izoklu dkuwu (Immigraiton Laws) Hkh blls
ck/d gksrs gSaA iwath esa xfr'khyrk osQ vHkko dk dkj.k ;g gS fd nksuksa ns'kksa osQ dkuwuksa esa vUrj gksrk
gS rFkk fons'kh esa iwath lqjf{kr ugha jg tkrhA bldk ifj.kke ;g gksrk gS fd ,d ns'k esa Je vkSj iwath
dh xfr'khyrk mRifÙk osQ lk/uksa dh dherksa esa lekurk LFkkfir dj nsrh gS tks ns'kksa osQ chp ugha gks ikrhA
tSls vgenkckn vkSj cEcbZ esa etnwjh dh njsa leku jg ldrh gSa] fdUrq vgenkckn vkSj U;w;koZQ esa ;g
lekurk lEHko ugha gSA

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