Page 60 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)μ
1. dksbZ ,slh vdsyh laLFkk] tks Js.kh ds lHkh leadksa dk izfrfuf/Ro djrh gS] --------- dgykrh gSA

2. --------- us lkaf[;dh dks ekè;sa dk foKku dgk gSA
3. ,d vPNs ekè; dks --------- ds lHkh inksa ij v/kfjr gksuk pkfg,A
4. --------- esa cgqyd ml ewY; ds dgrs gSa ts leaxekyk esa lcls vf/d ckj vkrk gksA
5. --------- ,d ,slk ekè; gS ftls nSfud thou esa dkiQh iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
6. Js.kh dh lHkh --------- leku gksus ij cgqyd d fu/kZj.k ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA

4-4 lkjka'k (Summary)

• eè; fdlh lead Js.kh dk ,d ,slk fof'k"V ;k izfr:ih ewY; gS ftlosQ vkl&ikl vU; leadksa osQ
osQfUnzr gksus dh izo`fÙk ikbZ tkrh gSA ;g Js.kh osQ lhekUr inksa osQ chp fLFkr ,d ,slk vad gS tks caVu
osQ eè; Hkkx esa ewY;ksa osQ teko dh tkudkjh nsrk gSA bl n`f"V ls bls osQUnzh; izo`fÙk dh eki Hkh dgk
tkrk gS D;ksafd O;fDrxr pj&ewY;ksa dk teko vf/drj mlosQ vkl&ikl gh gksrk gSA
• lkaf[;dh esa ekè;ksa dk vHkwriwoZ egRo gSA lkaf[;dh esa ekè;e gh loksZifj gS D;ksafd lkaf[;dh;
fo'ys"k.k dh vU; dbZ jhfr;k¡ bl ij vk/kfjr gSaA MkW- ckmys us lkaf[;dh dks ekè;ksa dk foKku
(Science of average) dgk gSA ekè; dks lkaf[;dh; foKku dk izos'k }kj (Gateway of
Statistics) Hkh dgrs gSaA ekè;ksa dh enn ls leadekyk osQ lHkh ewY;ksa dk lkj izdV fd;k tkrk gS
D;ksafd lkaf[;dh esa O;fDrxr bdkb;ksa dk vyx&vyx dksbZ egRo ugha gSA
• ‘Mode’ 'kCn izsaQp Hkk"kk osQ ‘La mode’ ls mRiUu gqvk gS ftldk vFkZ gS] iSQ'ku ;k fjokt vFkkZr~ tks
vfèkd izpfyr gksA lkaf[;dh esa cgqyd ml ewY; dks dgrs gSa tks leadekyk esa lcls vf/d ckj
vkrk gks vFkkZr~ ftldh vko`fÙk lcls vf/d gksA cgqyd lokZf/d ?kuRo dh fLFkfr (Position of
greatest density) ;k ewY;ksa osQ vf/dre laosQUnz.k dk fcUnq (point of highest concentration of
values) ;k lokZf/d vko`fÙk okys in dk ewY; dgykrk gSA blhfy, bls fLFkfr lEcU/h ekè; dgrs
gSaA
• cgqyd lcls vf/d vLi"V ,oa vfuf'pr ekè; gSA Js.kh dh lHkh vko`fÙk;k¡ leku gksus ij cgqyd
fu/kZj.k ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA dHkh&dHkh ,d lewg esa nks ;k nks ls vf/d cgqyd Hkh gks ldrs
gSaA
• cgqyd lhekUr inksa dks dksbZ egRo ugha nsrk tksfd xf.krh; n`f"V ls vuqfpr gSA
• cgqyd dh rjg eè;dk Hkh ,d fLFkrh; ekè; gSA fdlh lead Js.kh dks vkjksgh ;k vojksgh Øe esa
O;ofLFkr djus ij ml Js.kh osQ eè; esa tks ewY; vkrk gS] ogh eè;dk (median) dgykrk gSA vr%
;g ,d Øec¼ leadekyk dk osQUnzh; ;k eè; ewY; gksrk gSA

4-5 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• leadμpjA

• caVuμforj.kA

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