Page 263 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_PUNJABI

fJekJh^25L :'iBkpZX f;Zfynk$fBod/P

i/w; JhH J/;fgu ns/ fpob ftfb:w B/ :'iBkpZX fBod/P dh gfoGkPk fJ; soQK dh j?, B'N
“:'iBkpZX fBod/P nB[GtK dk T[j fB:'fis eqw j?, fijVk T[s/ie nB[fefonk ;zpzX d/ o{g ftZu
e[Pbsk tZb b? iKdk j?.”

“Programmed instruction is a planned sequence of experiences leading to
proficiency in terms of stimulus-response relationship.”

f;Zfynk Pk;soh vhH n?bH e[Ze (D.L. Cook) d/ nB[;ko, “:'iBkpZX f;Zfynk, ;t?^f;ybkJh
ftXhnK d/ ftnkge XkoDk B{z ;gPN eoB d/ bJh tosh ikD tkbh fJZe ftXh j?.”
“Programmed learning is a term sometimes used synonimously to refer to the
broader concept of auto-instructional method.”

B'N; T[go'es gfoGkPktK d/ toDB d/ nXko s/ fejk ik ;edk j? fe :'iBkpZX nfXnB
T[j fBod/p j? fi; ftZu gkm^;wZroh B{z S'N/ gdK ftZu tzv e/ bVhpZX ehsk iKdk
j? ns/ fJ; B{z ftfdnkoEhnK d/ ;kjwD/ eqwnB[;ko g/P eoe/, xZN s'A xZN
rbshnK eod/ j'J/ T[jBK B{z BthB ns/ ifNb ftPk^t;s{ dh f;Zfynk, T[jBK dh
nkgDh rsh d/ nB[;ko gqdkB ehsh iKdh j?. fJ; ;koh gqfefonk ftZu
ftfdnkoEhnK B{z nkgDh gqrsh d/ frnkB d/ d[nkok gqfsg[PNh (Feedback) fdZsh
iKdh j?.

25H2 :'iBkpZX nfXnB ;wZroh dhnK ftP/PsktK
(Characteristics of Programmed Learning Material)

:'iBkpZX nfXnB ;wZroh dhnK gqw[Zy ftP/PsktK j/m fbyhnK jB^
1H :'iBkpZX ;wZroh ftneshrs (Individual) j[zdh j? ns/ fJ; ftZu fJZe ;w/A ftZu
e/tb fJZe jh ftnesh f;Zydk j?.
2H fJ; ftZu gkm^;wZroh B{z S'N/ s'A S'N/ nzPK ftZu tzfvnk iKdk j?.
3H fco S'N/^S'N/ nzPK B{z bVhpZX ehsk iKdk j?.
4H :'iBkpZX ;wZroh ftZu jo/e gd nkgD/ nZr/ tkb/ gd s'A soe nXkfos eqw ftZu
;[Gkfte o{g Bkb i[fVnk j[zdk j?.

5H f;ZyD tkb/ B{z ;eoh ;ss :sB (nB[fefonk) eoB/ g?Ad/ jB.
6H ftfdnkoEhnK B{z s[ozs T[jBK dh gqrsh d/ ftP/ ftZu ;{uBk fdZsh iKdh j? fe T[jBK dk
:sB ;jh ;h iK rbs. fJ; soQK s[ozs gqfsg[PNh (Feedback) T[jBK B{z fwbdk
ofjzdk j?.
7H ftfdnkoEhnK B{z nkgDh rsh Bkb ftPk^t;s{ f;ZyD d/ w"e/ gqkgs j[zd/ jB.
(Principle of Self Pacing)
8H :'iBkpZX ;wZroh g{{oh soQK gqhfyns ns/ t?X j[zdh j?.
9H fJ; ftZu ftfdnkoEhnK d/ g{ot fttjkoK ns/ XkoDktK dk ftP/PheoD ehsk iKdk j?.
fJjBK fttjkoK ftZu GkPk dh ;obsk ns/ p'Xesk dk ;so, T[gbpXh ;so, iBw^G{wh
ns/ wkBf;e ;so B{z th fXnkB ftZu oZfynk iKdk j?.
10H fJ; ftZu T[s/iB, nB[fefonk ns/ g[PNheoD, fJj fszB' sZs fefonkPhb ofjzd/ jB.

11H fJ; ftZu f;ZyD ftZu ng/fyns so[ZNhnK dh do (Error Rate) ns/ rbshnK dh do
(Fault Rate) ekch xZN ofjzdh j?.

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