Page 267 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_PUNJABI

fJekJh^25L :'iBkpZX f;Zfynk$fBod/P

f;vBh n?bH gq/;h 1925 pj[ ftebg gdK tkb/ gqhyDK dh ;e'fozr ns/ gqhyD B'N
(Sidney L. Pressey) d/ j'o :zsoe T[geoDK dk ftek;.
phHn?cH ;feBo 1943 ;eoh nB[pzX nB[fefonk (Operant Conditioning
(B.F. Skinner) Theory) f;Zfynk f;XKs dk fBowkD ehsk fijVk
:'iBkpZX fBod/P dh nXko G{wh pfDnk.
phH n?cH ;feBo 1945 g[PNheoD dk f;XKs, o/yh :'iBk ;wZroh ns/
(B.F. Skinner) f;ybkJh wPhBK B{z pDkT[Dk.
phHn?cH ;feBo 1950 gqf;ZX b/y „f;Zfynk dk ftfrnkB ns/ f;ybkJh dh
(B.F. Skinner) ebk‟ dk gqekPB.
n?BHJ/H eokT{vo 1950 Pkyk ;zpzXh (Branching) fBod/P dk ftek;,
(N.A. Crowder) ;eq?wpbv (Scrambled) g[;seK ns/ Pkyk ;zpzXh
f;ybkJh wPhB.
P?chbv (Sheffield) 1950 Variations of branching programmes with
alternative sub-sequence routes.
okpoN w/ro 1960 eokT{vo ns/ ;feBo d/ ekoiK dk ;ot/yD ns/

(Robert Mager) :'iBkpZX fBod/P dh gozgokrs f;ybkJh ftXh dh
s[bBk ftZu T[usk ftef;s.
okpoN w/ro 1962 :'iBkpZX^fBod/PB ftZu T[d/Pk B{z fttjkfoe o{g
(Robert Mager) ftZu b/y dk wjZst ;Ekfgs.
okpoN fwbo 1962 wB'gq/oe (Psychomotor) y/soK ftZu T[dPK B{z
(Robert Miller) fttjkfoe o{g ftZu fbyD dh gqftXh dk ftek;.
Ekw; n?cH frbpoN 1962 w/E/fNe; (Methetics) iK „nto'j bVh fBod/P
(T.F. Gilbert) gqftXh‟ dk ftek;. g{oD fBg[zBsk (Mastery
Behaviour) B{z ftP/P wjZst gqdkB eoBk.
;b/e 1962 w/E/fNe; f;XKsK s/ nXkfos :'iBkpZX fBod/P dk
fBowkD ns/ j'o ftXhnK s/ fJ; dh T[Zusk ;Ekfgs
eoBk.
o'E e'oc (Roth Korf) 1965 f;Zfynk gqfefonk B{z T[sgzB eoB d/ bJh nzdo{Bh
ns/ pkjoh fttjkoK iK w?E/w/fifBe;
(Mathemaigenics) dh XkoDk dk ftek;.
o'E e'oc (Roth Korf) 1966 1966 ftZu gkm^t;s{ ftPb/PD s/ gqtkj ukoN
(Flow chart) s/ ftP/P i'o.

oke?b eko;B 1968 „w?E/w/fifBe;‟ gqftXh dk gkm^t;s{ d/ gq;s{sheoD
(Rachel Carson) ftZu gq:'r ns/ ftfdnkoEhnK dh nGhftnesh d/
bJh fJ; dk wjZst ;Ekfgs eoBk.
okpoN r/B/ 1970 nZm f;Zfynk ;o{gK (Learning Structures) dh
(Robert Gagene) XkoDk ouBk ns/ fJjBK s/ ftP/P i'o.
nkJhH e/H v/thI 1970 1H r/B/ d/ nZm ftZu'A gzi f;Zfynk ;o{gK s/ finkdk
(I.K. Davies) i'o fdZsk.
2H :'iBkpZX fBod/P ;wZroh d/ fBowkD ftZu
f;ybkJh BhshnK (Teaching Strategies) ns/
f;ybkJh :'iBktK (Teaching Techniques) d/
fBoXkoD B{z wjZst fdZsk.

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