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funsZ'ku rFkk ijke'kZ
uksV 2- funkukRed ijh{k.k (Diagnostic Tests)—funku dh nwljh fof/ funkukRed ijh{k.k gSA lk/kj.kr;k
blh fof/ dk iz;ksx funku dh izfØ;k esa fd;k tkrk gSA funkukRed ijh{k.k dk iz;ksx eq[; :i ls funsZ'ku
,oa lq/kj osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA funkukRed ijh{k.k ls ;g fofnr gksrk gS fd ,d Nk=k dh fu"ifÙk i;kZIr
D;ksa ugha gS] bldk dkj.k crkrk gSA
24-8 funkukRed ijh{k.k osQ izdkj (Types of Diagnostic Test)
funku dh ijh{k.k fof/ Hkh nks izdkj dh gksrh gSμ
(1) fujh{k.k fof/ (Observational Technique) rFkk
(2) funkukRed ijh{k.k (Diagnostic Test)A
(1) fujh{k.k fof/ (Observational Method)—lkekU; vFkks± esa ;g ijh{k.k ugha gS vfirq fujh{k.k fof/
gS] ftlesa lk{kkRdkj Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA Nk=kksa ls O;fDrxr lEioZQ djosQ mudh ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ ckjs esa
tkudkjh dh tkrh gS] vukSipkfjd <ax ls Hkh fujh{k.k djrs gSaaA bl izdkj osQ fujh{k.kksa osQ }kjk mudh
detksfj;ksa dks tkuus dk iz;kl djrs gSa] ftlosQ fy, 'kSf{kd funsZ'ku rFkk O;fDrxr vko';drkvksa osQ
vuqlkj lgk;rk nh tkrh gSA ;g fof/ vf/d fo'oluh; ugha gS] blfy, bldk iz;ksx ugha gksrk gSA blesa
O;fDrxr i{kksa dk lekos'k vf/d gksrk gSA
(2) funkukRed ijh{k.k (Diagnostic Test)—funkukRed ijh{k.kksa dk iz;ksx vf/d fd;k tkrk gSA blesa
oLrqfu"B iz'uksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA bl izdkj osQ ijh{k.k 'kkfCnd rFkk v'kkfCnd gksrs gSaA buosQ
iz;ksx ls Nk=kksa osQ fofHkUu i{kksa osQ O;ogkjksa dk ekiu fd;k tkrk gS] tSlsμ'kSf{kd ;ksX;rk] cqf¼ vfHk:fp]
vfHko`fÙk] izo.krk] O;fDrRo osQ xq.kksa rFkk fof'k"V O;kolkf;d dkS'kyksa dk ekiu fd;k tkrk gSA
fiNys oqQN n'kdksa ls iz{ksfir ijh{k.k (Projective Tests) dk iz;ksx funku osQ fy, fd;k tkus yxk gSA
O;fDrRo ekiu esa bldk iz;ksx vf/d fd;k tkus yxk gSA O;fDr osQ vokafNr ,oa vlkekU; O;ogkjksa dk irk
blh izdkj osQ ijh{k.kksa ls fd;k tkrk gSA Nk=kksa osQ mÙkjksa dk fo'ys"k.k rhu i{kksa&izdj.k] izfØ;k ,oa ifj.kke esa
fd;k tkrk gSA
funkukRed ijh{k.kksa dh jpuk osQ lksiku (Steps for Diagnostic Test Construction)—funkukRed
ijh{k.kksa dh jpuk osQ fy, v/ksfyf[kr lksikuksa dk vuqlj.k fd;k tkrk gSμ
(1) mís';ksa dk fu/kZj.k rFkk ikB~;oLrq osQ izdj.kksa dh :i js[kk
(2) ikB~;oLrq fo'ys"k.k rkfoZQd Øe esa]
(v) ikB~;oLrq osQ izdj.kksa dk Øe]
(c) lh[kus osQ lksikuksa dk Øe]
(3) ikB~;oLrq osQ dfBukbZ Øe dk fu/kZj.k]
(4) ijh{k.k osQ inksa osQ izdkj dk fu/kZj.k]
(5) ijh{k.k osQ inksa dk lq/kj]
(6) ikB~;oLrq osQ rkfoZQd Øe dk fo'ys"k.k] rFkk
(7) ijh{k.k osQ vfUre izk:i dh rS;kjhA
funkukRed ijh{k.k osQ inksa osQ lq/kj osQ fy, in fo'ys"k.k Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA in fo'ys"k.k osQ fy, xyr inksa
dks egRo fn;k tkrk gS vkSj blesa LVsuys (Stanley) fof/ dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA Nk=kksa dh xyfr;ksa osQ vusd dkj.k
242 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
