Page 379 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—30% vfHko`fÙk izo.krk] O;fDrRo rFkk cqf¼ dk ekiu

(2) O;ogkj ijh{k.k (Behaviour Test): O;fDrRo ekiu dh nwljh izfof/ O;ogkj ijh{k.k gSA blosQ ekè;e uksV
ls O;ogkj vkSj oS;fDrd Hksn] eqlhcr esa nwljksa dh lgk;rk djuk] 'kh?kz vuqHkoksa esa míhiu vuqfØ;k vkfn dk
vè;;u dj O;fDrRo dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
(3) iz{ksi.k ijh{k.k (Projective Test): ;g fof/ O;fDrRo ekiu dh fo'oluh;rk rFkk oS/ izfof/ le>h tkrh
gSA vktdy bl fof/ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA iz{ksi.k 'kCn dk igyk iz;ksx ,y- izSaQd us fd;k FkkA izSaQd osQ
vuqlkjμ¶iz{ksi.k ijh{kk ls bl ckr dk Kku gksrk gS fd O;fDr fdlh dk;Z dks oSQls le>rk vkSj djrk gSA muosQ
O;fDr;ksa dh vkUrfjd ;k futh nqfu;k dk irk pyrk gSA¸
“Projective test reveals the way in which the individual apprehends, understands and takes hold of task,
they reveal his inner or private world.” –L. Frank
O;fDr dh vusd bPNk;sa ,slh gS tks fdUgha dkj.kksa ls iw.kZ ugha gksrhA os neu bPNk;sa vpsru esa pyh tkrh
gSaA iz{ksi.k osQ ekè;e ls ckgj vk tkrh gSaA bl izdkj vpsru esa O;kIr O;ogkj dk vè;;u gks tkrk gSA ejiQh
osQ vuqlkjμ¶O;fDrRo ijh{k.k tks fof/iwoZd fd, tkrs gSa os O;fDrRo dks lexz :i ls xzg.k djrs gSaA blls
fof'k"V O;ogkj ;k izfreku ugha gksrk] bls iz{ksi.k dgrs gSa D;ksafd O;fDr tks dk;Z djrk gS og Lo;a dks fØ;k
esa iz{ksfir djrk gS] ;gh mlosQ O;fDrRo esa izdV gksrh gSA¸
“Personality test which systematically undertake to get at the personality as a whole, rather than at specific
traits of specific behaviour are usually called projective tests, because the individual is carrying outtask,
project himself into activity and thus reveals the kind of person he is.” –G. Murphy
iz{ksi.k izfof/ dk vFkZ (Meaning of Projective Test): iz{ksi.k dk vFkZ izR;{khdj.k (Perceiving) Hkkoukvksa
rFkk fØ;kvksa osQ xfr'khyrk] ;s lHkh ,d&nwljs ls xw¡Fks gq, ml le; izdV gksrs gSa tc ge ijh{k.k ysrs gSaA xqM,uiQ
osQ vuqlkjμ¶iz{ksi.k fof/ funkukRed fof/ gS tks U;kn'kZ dh vis{kk foKku ij vk/kfjr gSaA¸
iz{ksi.k fof/ dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Characteristics of Projective Test): iz{ksi.k fof/ dh oqQN izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡
fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
(1) Lo:i ghu lkexzh (Uncostructed Material)μiz{ksi.k fof/ eas iz;qDr dh tkus okyh lkexzh Lo:ighu
gksrh gSaA blesa fo"k;h dks vocks/ rFkk fo'ks"k.k dh iw.kZ LorU=krk gksrh gSA bl fof/ esa de ls de lwpuk;sa
nh tkrh gSaA
(2) vpsru dk vè;;u (Unconscious)μeuksfo'ys"k.kokfn;ksa osQ vuqlkj neu bPNk;sa vpsru esa igq¡p
tkrh gSa vkSj euq"; osQ nSfud O;ogkj dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA O;fDr osQ cká O;ogkj ls mlosQ O;fDrRo
dk ewY;kadu ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA vpsru eu dk vè;;u vko';d gks tkrk gSA okjsu osQ
vuqlkjμ¶iz{ksi.k fof/ ekuo dh nfer bPNkvksa dks cká txr ij vkjksfir djus dh ,d fof/ gSA¸
(3) lEiw.kZ O;fDrRo dk vè;;uμO;fDrRo osQ xR;kRed laxBu gksus osQ dkj.k mldk va'kksa esa vè;;u ugha
fd;k tkrk ldrk gSA vf/dka'k fof/;k¡ O;fDrRo osQ xq.kksa osQ vyx&vyx vè;;u ij cy nsrh gSaA blls
Hkwr] orZeku rFkk Hkfo"; dh ekufld voLFkkvksa dks vè;;u dj ldrs gSaA
iz{ksi.k fof/ dh mi;ksfxrk (Advantages of Projectives Tests): iz{ksi.k fof/ dh mi;ksfxrk fuEu izdkj
ls izLrqr dh tk ldrh gSaμ

1- vpsru eu dk vè;;uμiz{ksi.k fof/ osQ }kjk ge O;fDr osQ vpsru eu ls la?k"kks±] vko';drkvksa rFkk
bPNkvksa dk vè;;u dj ldrs gSaA bl fof/ esa O;fDr dks ;g Kku ugha gksus ikrk fd mlosQ vpsru dk
vè;;u fd;k tk jgk gSA

2- ekufld jksxksa dk vè;;uμiz{ksi.k izfof/ osQ }kjk ekufld jksxksa dk vè;;u rFkk mudk oxhZdj.k fd;k
tk ldrk gS rFkk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh ekufld voLFkk dh Hkfo";ok.kh Hkh bl fof/ osQ }kjk dh tk
ldrh gSA

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