Page 160 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—8: Lora=krk

eqDr&ck”kkj iw¡thoknh vFkZO;oLFkkA bPNkLora=;oknh ys[kdksa us Hkh Lora=krk dks lkekftd vkSj O+kQkuwuh ck/kvksa uksV
dk vHkko ekuk gSA uksf”kd osQ vuqlkj Lora=krk dk vFkZ gS vkRe&LokfeRo dk izkÑfrd vf/dkj (Natural
right to self-ownership)A U;k;ksfpr Lora=krk izkÑfrd vf/dkjksa dh lhekvksa osQ varxZr gh izkIr gks ldrh
gS ftUgsa osQoy LokfeRo osQ lanHkZ esa le>k tk ldrk gSA gkykafd ;s ys[kd LokfeRo osQ leku vf/dkj esa
fo'okl djrs gSa ijarq os Lora=krk dk leFkZu lekurk osQ uke ij ugha djrsA os leku Lora=krk dk blfy, leFkZu
djrs gSa] D;ksafd os Lora=krk esa fo'okl djrs gSa vkSj D;ksafd izR;sd O;fDr Lora=k gks ldrk gS] blfy, mls Lora=k
gksuk pkfg,A lkFk gh] budh ;g Hkh ekU;rk gS fd osQoy iw¡thoknh eqDr vFkZO;oLFkk rFkk jkT; dk vgLr{ksi
gh Lora=krk esa o`f¼ dj ldrs gSaA
udkjkRed Lora=krk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Characteristics of Negative Liberty)

mijksDr ppkZ osQ vk/kj ij udkjkRed Lora=krk dh /kj.kk dh fuEu fo'ks"krk,¡ igpkuh tk ldrh gS%

1- udkjkRed Lora=krk dh /kj.kk izkjafHkd mnkjokn osQ O;fDr] lekt vkSj jkT; osQ izfr ekSfyd nk'kZfud fopkjksa
ij vk/kfjr gSA ;g O;fDr dh O;fDrxr bPNk] mldh ckSf¼drk vkSj ewyHkwr vPNkbZ esa fo'okl djrh gSA
izR;sd O;fDr viuk Hkyk tkurk gS vkSj dj ldrk gSA vius O;fDrxr osQ fodkl osQ fy, og mu euethZ dh
lÙkkvksa ls Lora=krk pkgrk gS tks mldh bPNk osQ fo#¼ dke dj ldrh gSaA udkjkRed /kj.kk Lora=krk dks
O;fDr vkSj mlosQ O;fDrRo rd lhfer j[krh gS rFkk lekt vkSj jkT; dks O;fDr dh Lora=krk dk 'k=kq ekurh
gSA ;g Lora=krk osQ lkekftd i{k dh voKk djrh gSA bl fl¼kar osQ leFkZd gLr{ksi dks ”kksj&”kcjnLrh ekurs
gSaA

2- Lora=krk dk vFkZ gS ^ca/uksa dk vHkko*A ;g gS ^Lora=krk fdlls* (Freedom from) u fd ^Lora=krk fdlosQ
fy,* (Freedom to)A gkWCl us Lora=krk dks ^dkuwu dk ekSu* ekuk] cfyZu bls ^”kksj&”kcjnLrh dk vHkko*
ekurs gSa] izQkbZMeSu blls ^jkT;] lekt vkSj vU; ukxfjdksa }kjk O;fDr osQ lkFk ”kksj&”kcjnLrh dk vHkko* ekurs
gSaA ,d vU; ys[kd bls lkekftd vkSj O+kQkuwuh ck/kvksa dk vHkko ekurk gSA uksf”kd osQ vuqlkj ;g
^vkRe&LokfeRo dk izkÑfrd vf/dkj* gSA

3- ^ca/uksa dk vHkko* dh /kj.kk dkiQh O;kid gSA ;s ca/u jktuhfrd] vkfFkZd] ukxfjd] O;fDrxr vkfn oqQN
Hkh gks ldrs gSaA jktuhfrd Lrj ij budk vFkZ gS jkT; dh euethZ dh 'kfDr ij fu;a=k.k rFkk O;fDr osQ thou
esa jkT; dk U;wure gLr{ksi_ vkfFkZd Lrj ij bldk vFkZ gS eqDr&O;kikj] LosPNkpkjh iw¡thoknh vFkZO;oLFkk rFkk
laifÙk dk vlhfer vf/dkj_ ukxfjd Lrj ij bldk vFkZ gS fopkj] Hkk"k.k] vUr%dj.k dh Lora=krk rFkk
O;fDrxr Lrj ij bldk vFkZ gS O;fDr }kjk vius thou ls lEcfU/r fu.kZ; lekt rFkk jkT; osQ ncko osQ fcuk
ysus osQ Lora=krkA
4- jkT; osQ O+kQkuwu O;fDr dh Lora=krk Nhu ugha ldrs] os osQoy bls lkekftd O;oLFkk osQ lanHkZ esa fu;af=kr
dj ldrs gSaA D;ksafd ;g Lora=krk okLro esa jkT; ls Lora=krk gS] vr% jkT; ;g Lora=krk osQoy vius dk;ks± dks
U;wure djosQ gh lqjf{kr dj ldrk gSA O+kQkuwu vkSj Lora=krk fojks/kHkklh gSa vFkkZr~ ftrus O+kQkuwu vf/d] mruh
Lora=krk de rFkk ftruh Lora=krk vf/d] mrus O+kQkuwu deA

5- Lora=krk dk iztkra=k] lekurk vFkok laifÙk osQ lkFk laca/ vo'; gS ijarq ;s bldh vko';d 'krs± ugha gSA
lekurk vFkok iztkra=k Lora=krk osQ fy, [krjk Hkh cu ldrs gSaA
6- Lora=krk rFkk ^Lora=krk dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa* esa varj gksrk gSA Lora=krk dk lh/k&lk/k vFkZ gS O;fDr osQ thou
esa jkT;] lekt vFkok vU; O;fDr;ksa }kjk euekus gLr{ksi dk vHkkoA

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