Page 114 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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;kotifBe ;ko d dnko wkBsk gkgs nfXeko j, ns fJe Bkrfoe ci ;h. wunftbh nSk ekƒB, Xow B'N
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ns/ fJZe ;fEo ns/ wip{s jkbs bJh ;woEB ;µouBktK d/ o{g ftZu ns/ fJZe Bkrfoe c''i t/fynk. uµr/
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fgSk ehsk. ci d fJe 17 ns 40 dh Two d ftZu nkgD BkrfoeK, ;ohoe og tbA jfEnko ns ;fBe
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ePb ftu urh soK tbA g;fae;fas ns wBftfrnkBe bJh ieo Iooh j sK fJe bVkJh bVB bJh fsnko
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fwbe eoDk ukjhdk j. fJe Bkrfoe j i eoD bJh nkgD oki dh ofynk eoD bJh fsnko BjhA ;h
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Bkrfoe virtu nDjAd. fJj pDkTD bJh ns fJe ePb, urh soK tbA nBPkfPs, urh soK tbA '
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;ufis ns tckdko Bkrfoe ci ƒ pDkJ oyD bJh fJe Pk;e dk eost ;h. fJe Bkrfoe ci d Bkb
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fJe oki bJh otkBk nkgD rnkvhnK ns jo Twrh okiK tbA ;Gkfte ysohnK tkov, jo th nkgD nkg
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ƒ Bkrfoe ;xoP ns nKsfoe n;sP d fybkc dh ofynk eoD ftu ;woEktkB jtrk. wunftbh tko
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tko ;ukJh fJj j fe fJe oki bJh nkgDh nikdh ns nikdh d fjckIs bJh bVB dh jkbs ftu ehsk ik
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;edk ;h T¤s Io fdsk j s fJ; bJh fJe Bkrfoe ci ns GkV d ;fBeK d fJe pfBnkdh bV ;h.
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wunftbh Pk;e dP d jo okiK d ;fBeK dk tos eoD tbA nkrkj ehsk, bJh Tj etb oki^yIkBk fBek;
BjhA jtrk, bfeB fJj th jwPk jh wjstgoD ;wAs n;cb. TBKB fJj th ty fojk j 1499 ftu Vitelli
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ns T;d pdnK n;cb idA fe tgkoe TdPK bJh ;wdo ftu fJe dekB d og ftu ghf;nk T¤s epik
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eoD dh efPP eoe pknd nksetkdhnK d tos ƒ ngtkBrh eo fdsk. GkV eJh fBPmk pkeh ns g; dk
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fJe pjs g;skt T¤s TBK dh fBPmk ;ftu jtrk. fJ;d fJbktk, fJe Bkrfoe ci d ftgohs,
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nksetkdhnK ƒ fJe oki tbA fJe ekoB bJh BjhA bV ;h.
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wunftbh ;wkB og tbA tPkBrs okiPkjh ns ;kwsh pVgD (GkV d ;fBeK d fJbktk) bJh PsoskgoD
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;h, ns ;Ekgs froik xo ns T;d gkdoh, fJj fJe nSk ns ;fEo ;kwkfie ns okiBhse ftt;Ek dk
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dPwB wkBsk j. Tj nfGiks tor d gangsterism dh wjstgoD ;h, feTAfe Tj bN fbnk ns rohp
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nkw beK d. Tj fJe ;ko PeshPkbh okiPkjh dh wdd i ftneshrs wjsteKPk ƒ fBnsfos eoDk ns /
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PeshPkbh fBih BkrfoeK nkwso T¤s okiBhsh ;oho d ndo eP d ekoB d fGPNkuko ƒ oeD d Bkb
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ofenk ik ;edk j. nkdP ftu fJ; beP ƒ jk;b eoD d bJh, wunftbh th tv gwkB T¤s fj;k ns /
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okiBhse j;sePgtkd dk tos eoD dh Ioos dk ;Mkn fdsk. fJskbth gXkBK ns gBoikroD
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statecraft ftu tPkBrs f;XKs d jwPk skes d tPtkdh wjsteKPk d pktid, ;s;r tPkBrs
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okiewkoK bJh ntwkBBk d Bkb Go oj jB ns ftoXh nfGiks tor ;woEe jB.
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wunftbh nkdoP fJe rDsso ;h. oJh;K nfsnkukoh ns ftoXh nikdh ;B. fJe ;fttf;Es oki bJh
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;fBPfus eohJ fe nwho nkgD dcsoK g; d Bkb yohdD bJh BjhA ehsk ;h. fJj ;GsA nSk ns bkfJe
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we dDk jtrk. soK d fJe oki tfvnkJh, ;fEosk ns ;cbsk gkgs jtrh. Tj ;oeko d Bkb iK nkgD /
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ftneshrs f;o d Bkb oki dh gfjukD ehsh. fg; ftuL
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HHH nkgD ;ko dk fXnkB nkdwh j i ;oeko dh tkrvo nkifis ehsh ns sK T;dh
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ftnesh ftu go ;kotifBe ihtB d gshe pB wBy nkfesh T¤s riveted ;h.
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fJ; soK d fJe roGXkoB, fJfsjkf;e nBGt i wunftbh ftu fJ; soK d pkeh
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Tgkn ns eAdoh ;oeko tbA fJe brksko efPP presupposing eb dnkok f;X /
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