Page 223 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

B'N
/
'
Z
q
Z
[
/
/
[
[
fybkc ;ofynk gdkB eoDk ukjhdk j. Tj nr ftfBnwA ns ekoykBhnK ns ykBK, ;otyD gbK, dykes,
?
µ
[
µ
ns sNpXA, ns Tgeow wows iK n;oe;fas fJwkosK dk BkP ftu jo ;ofynk TgokbhnK ƒ bkr eoD
[
'
/
Z
Z
[
/
[
{
'
Z
µ
{
Z
[
Z
/
Z
/
[
[
Q
/
fJe fBtkoe ;tk wsoh nr^nrfBPwB ;wroh, TgbpX eokTD d dnko jV, wjkwkohnK, G;ybB ns /
[
conflagratinos, torh nkgdktK ƒ xN eoD dh f;ckfoP ehsh. Tj fJe ;EkJh gfb;, f;fynk, f;js
Z
Z
Z
[
bJh tZy^tZy wµsohnK dh ; EkgBk dh f;ckfoP ehsh ns/ ;td/Ph okjs. T[j ;woZE j? ns/
/
/
/
uncontamiaminated ghD d gkDh, j;gskb phwko, wjkwkohnK, ns Tfus gkDh fBek;h ns ;hti
[
/
'
µ
f;;Nw d dokB NhekeoD dh dyGkb eoD bJh Go;k dh wr ehsh. fJj we eKsh fe pAEw d ftukoK d /
'
/
'
/
/
q
/
{
q
/
µ
Z
[
Z
g;ko d ekoB ek|h jd se ;Gt j frnk dh T; Joe ohpe rb dh fJ; f;ckfoPA bJh frnk ;h.
'
Z
'
'
/
'
/
pAEw d nB:kkfJ:A dh antcorn fbnk J;f;JPB 1836 ftu ;;Ekge ftu wdd ehsh. TBK ftuA eJh TBK Q
Q
[
µ
Z
'
[
/
[
/
Z
[
/
[
?
Z
/
µ
/
/
d ekoB fB:we eoD bJh T;dk Bkw T¤m. Bowring ns nkouhpkbv Pkfrod, fJe wBu;No ;gkde
[
[
Q
/
'
q
'
µ
/
µ
q
/
/
µ
Z
q
/
ns pAEw, d fJe gP;e weJh ekƒB ndbB d gsh TBK dh ;wkoehJ ePPK dh gP;k dh T;ƒ fgsk
{
/
Z
fttjkoe nIkd tgkohnK d/ og ftu dk toDB. JvftB chadwick pAEw Bkrfoe gdkfXekohnK dh soK,
Q
/
'
/
[
/
{
Z
'
/
/
[
/
'
/
/
ns/ i/µ; e[µih shuttleworth eAdoh ekp ns iKu d f;XKsA d gP ehsk. Tj 1829 d wNogfbNB gfb;
nfXfB:w 1833 d f;fynk, nfXfB:w 1833 d ekoykB, nfXfB:w 1834 dh BthA rohp ekƒB,
/
/
/
Z
q
nfXfB:w 1835 d Bro ;Xko nfXfB:w, nfXfB:w bJh ftfrnkBh gDkbh d ;Ky f:eh 1836 ftu,
[
/
Z
/
1840 d/ o/bt/ ftfBnwB nfXfB:w ns/ 1848 d/ ;kotifBe f;js nfXfB:w nfXfBnfws. T[fus o{g
[
'
Z
[
/
?
?
tbA ns mhe jh j, Tj dkoPBe pBo fi;d sfjs ftXkJh eKsh ehsk iKdk ;h ;;fis.
/
q
9H4 nkofEe ftukoK (Economic Ideas)
/
?
µ
Q
/
Z
?
[
µ
/
pAEw apprediatibely ;fwE, nIkd tgko d ufgnB dk ew eodk j gfVnk j. Tj wjkB ns fJIs tkbk
?
[
/
/
Z
'
Q
Z
/
/
/
{
Z
µ
/
wfoN d fJe bye, ;fwE wfBnk iksk ;fwE d ftuko TBK beK dh nkgD jh, ftnes d og ftu ftu
Z
[
Z
/
/
/
?
wBnb dh okiBhse wkbh jkbs (1793^1795) d Bkb d ftu ;wkBsk d tb fJPkok eod. ;fwE, fitA /
/
pAEw j;seyg BjhA faire Gkosh fufes;k gXsh dk pukt ehsk bfeB ;oeko dh ro T;dh ofynk dh
/
?
[
/
Z
Z
/
Z
{
/
/
;dyoh (1787) ftu ftnki doK d ftfBnwB ftu j;seyg bJh tekbs ehsh. fJj Je ;fwE dnkok
[
Z
Z
'
/
Z
/
Z
{
Z
/
'
/
Z
ftnes d og ftu fJe uow j;seyg BjhA jkbs tbA ;fwE dh nkbuBk d og ftu eJh dnkok tfynk
{
'
Z
/
[
Z
[
/
Z
frnk ;h. ;fwE ;k| j fe ftnki doK ftu pkIko dhnK skesK fJeb dnkok fBoXkos BjhA ehsk ik eoDk
?
ukjhdk j dk ;Mkn fdsk.
Z
[
?
Z
pAEw dh j;seyg BjhA faire leanings ;gPN ;orow ns j;seyg ftdP Bhsh dh nkgDh nkbuBk ftu
/
Z
'
/
Z
Z
/
/
/
/
;B. 1789 ftu, TBKB pDkJ ofynk fe beK d ftu nsookPNoh ;dGkt beK ƒ wkBsk gkgs j ns /
q
Q
µ
[
?
Z
'
/
/
Z
'
Z
{
/
/
'
[
/
µ
;theko ehs iKd jB, bJh fco okiBhse wkbh jkbs dh ;u nfj;k; jdk, ieo etb widk nkoEe
Z
'
/
/
[
Q
{
/
µ
Z
fBoGosk ;h ;Gt ;h. TBKB okiBhse wkbh jkbs, fJE se fe ftdPh wkwbhnK, ftu d og ftu ;oeko
Z
/
Z
Z
/
Z
?
[
'
/
Z
Z
Z
/
/
iKu eoDk ukjhdk j fe ;gPN fejk ;h wjkB oj; ns eM BjhA eod. gftvA; d wkordoPe jE eoD
/
q
[
'
Z
/
/
[
'
/
bJh nghb eoe j;seyg BjhA faire ;fwE pukt ehsk, idA fe pAEw fJj Tg:frsk d nkXko T¤s /
/
'
ikfJi ofenk.
?
jkbKfe pAEw j;seyg BjhA faire ns nIkd tgko dh fJe ofyne ;h, fJj f;Nk j fe Tj fJe ro
/
[
Z
?
Z
/
/
Z
Z
216
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY