Page 275 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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og ftu gdkB d pknd no;s, doPB wfBnk iKdk j. fJj doPB fJe ;wK ;h idA ow rohe ftok;s
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pknd no;s ns d pknd jrhfbnB doPB d ftu n;wkBsktK ;B, TBK dBK bJh gbNK, no;s ns j /
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rb jbh jbh eb doPB tbA gfjbK ehsk frnk. wkoe; wfj;; ehsk fe.egelians gfjbK uD iK sK
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jrb fJe ewio Bebh j, iK doPB dh fdPk dh fJe ftePgB ;h. 1830 d dPe ns 1840 d dPe ftu
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jrb d gwy gGkt fBu fby PpdK ftu Jrb; dnkok ;theko ehsk frnk ;h.
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HHH jrhfbnB gDkbh fe; th gfjbK dh gDkbh dh sbDk ftu fJe incomparably
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fInkdk vwB ƒ eto ehsk ns fJ; yso ftu ;funk ;h dh fJe yikBk j i uAekD ni
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th ftef;s HHH fJe ebgBk eo ;ed jB fe eh fJe ipod;s gGkt fJ; jrhfbnB
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gDkbh iowBh d doPB tinged wkjb ftu TsgkdB ehsk j ukjhdk j. fJj fJe i /
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s ib; i dPeK ns i fe; th soK tbA jrb dh ws T¤s fJe mjokt bJh nkfJnk ;h
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bJh ubh ;h. fJ;d ftgohs, fJj 1830 tbA 1840 se mhe ;h fe ;GsA ftPP og
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tbA oki ehsk ns fInkdk tbA fInkdk iK xN jd se th ;Ekgs nkgD ftoXhnK.
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wkoe; g;d Epicures ns/ Democritus (460^370 JhH gH) d dkoPBe gDkbh dk fJe wekpbsB gVkJh
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d Goke og tbA itkB egelians (fiBKdh egBh TAjA nkBd nkTAdk j) d gGkt dh tik tbA ;h ns Goke [
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og feTAfe T;dh sbkP d doPB eoD bJh ;pXs ekoB dh Pesh d wkfXnw tbA ;ko pXBK tbA wesh
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ftnesh bJh fJe fdP d Bkb pkjoh dBhnk. wkoe; d pknd no;s doPB dnkok ehs rJ :rdkB
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:BkBh doPB ftu foPh dh ntXkoDk, Xow T¤s ;eoks ns gbN d ftukoK ns doPB d pknd dh
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fwnkd jrhfbnB ftu ;GktBktK d Bkb fBpfVnk. fJ;d pkeh Epicures d/ gb{Nkoe nkb'uBk ns/ j/r/b
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ns/ Schelling T[¤s/ d' bµwk.
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wkoe; fe dkoPBe nkbuBk dk ekoi wBy usBk d nIkd ftek; dh gfoehnk bJh hindrances ƒ pBekp
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ehsk frnk ;h. wBy wesh d ftuko d wkfXnw tbA Gkr frnk wkoe;tkdh fJe wkordoPe io d og
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ftu ;funk. wkoe; dk dbhba ;h fe wBy wB rshPhb ns pkjoh dBhnk ƒ ;wMD ftu ;woEktkB ;h,
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fi;d Bkb TBK i dbhba j fe wBy dBhnk ƒ ;wMD d ekfpb BjhA ;B nkbuBk ns fJ;bJh ny pd eoe /
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;theko eh rgs xNBk jDk ƒ ftykJh fdsk ;h. wkoe; Jfgeo doPB dnkok nikdh ns ;funk fe fJj
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tekbs dh nikdh dh GktBk bJh nkeoPs ehsk frnk ;h. fJ; ;wA se, wkoe; doPB wBy ;wki ƒ
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pdbB dh gfotosBekoh Pesh nBGt eoD bJh Po ehsk. doPB, gfoehnk ftu PX f;XKs ;xoP, og
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ftu Tj nkgD nkg fttjkoe rshftXh ftu Ikjo jtrk.
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wkoe; goksBsk dh tk;st ftu fJe eNogEh ns gpX wB d og epicures ftPPsk j. Democritus d /
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ftgohs, d gowkDtK ndbBK ftu ;jisk d fJe ss Po, pikJ fBoiht, isfoe ekƒBK dnkok fBnsfos
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