Page 179 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

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uksV pkj o"kZ osQ fy, vçR;{k :i ls fuokZfpr gksaA
z lafoèkku osQ f}rh; vuqPNsn esa jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu fofèk (Procedure of Election) dk mYys[k fd;k
x;k gSA jk"Vªifr dk fuokZpu ,d fuokZpd&e.My (Electorral College) }kjk gksrk gSA
z czksxu us dgk gS fd ¶vejhdh jk"Vªifr esa fczfV'k lezkV rFkk çèkkuea=kh nksuksa osQ in lefUor gSaA¸
vFkkZr~ jk"Vªifr dh rqyuk esa fczfV'k lezkV rFkk çèkkuea=kh nksuksa ls dh tkrh gSA fczfV'k lezkV osQ ln`'k
vesfjdk dk jk"Vªifr Hkh jkT; dk çèkku gSA og ljdkj osQ ^xkSjoiw.kZ (dignified) Hkkx dk vfèk"Bkrk
gSA tSlk fd ykWLdh us cryk;k gS] jk"Vªifr lezkV ls vfèkd vkSj de nksuksa gSaA vfèkd bl vFkZ
esa gS fd mldh dk;Zikfydk 'kfÙkQ okLrfod gSA tcfd fczfV'k&lezkV osQoy ukeek=k dk ;k laoSèkkfud
çèkku gSA fczfV'k lafoèkku esa fl¼kUrr% lezkV esa leLr dk;Zikfydk 'kfDr;k¡ fufgr gSa] ysfdu og
çR;sd dk;Z efU=ke.My osQ ijke'kZ ls djrk gS] tks lezkV osQ çfr mÙkjnk;h gSA dgus dk vFkZ ;g
gS fd O;ogkj esa lezkV dh leLr 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk ç;ksx efU=ke.My djrk gSA efU=ke.My gh okLrfod
dk;Zikfydk gSA blosQ foijhr vesfjdk dk jk"Vªifr fliQZ lafoèkkfud çèkku ugha vfirq okLrfod çèkku
gSA
z Úkal osQ jk"Vªifr ls Hkh vesfjdh jk"Vªifr dh rqyuk dh tk ldrh gSaA prqFkZ x.krU=k osQ vUrxZr
vejhdh jk"Vªifr dh rqyuk esa Úk¡lhlh jk"Vªifr dh fLFkfr vR;Ur nqcZy Fkh] ysfdu iape x.krU=k
esa mldh 'kfDr esa i;kZIr o`f¼ gqbZ gSA vesfjdk osQ jk"Vªifr dk fuokZpu ,d fuokZpd&e.My }kjk
gksrk gS tcfd prqFkZ x.krU=k Úkal osQ jk"Vªifr dk fuokZpu Úkal dh laln osQ nksuksa lnuksa osQ la;qDr
vfèkos'ku }kjk gksrk FkkA ysfdu ik¡posa x.krU=k esa jk"Vªifr dk fuokZpu ,d fuokZpd&e.My }kjk gksxk]
ftlesa laln osQ lnL;] leqæ ikj osQ çns'kksa dh O;oLFkkfidk osQ tsujy dkSafly osQ lnL; rFkk
uxjikfydkvksa osQ fuokZfpr çfrfufèk gksaxsA ;g ç.kkyh Úkalhlh jk"Vªifr osQ çHkko dks vfèkd O;kid
cukrh gSA
z tgk¡ rd dk;kZofèk dk ç'u gS] vejhdh jk"Vªifr dk fuokZpu 4 o"kZ osQ fy, gksrk gS tcfd pkSFks
vkSj ik¡pos x.krU=k osQ jk"Vªifr dh inkofèk 7 o"kZ dh gSaA
z fczfV'k çèkkuea=kh vkSj vejhdh jk"Vªifr dh rqyuk ,d vuqi;qDr] ij jkspd fo"k; gSA ljdkj osQ

i`Fkd çdkj rFkk 'kfDr;ksa dk yphyk :i bl çdkj dh rqyuk dks tfVy cuk nsrk gS rFkk fo}kuksa
esa erSD; ugha gks ldrk gSA jkEts E;ksj osQ er esa ¶fczfV'k çèkkuea=kh dh 'kfDr;k¡ bruh foLr`r gSa
fd fo'o osQ fdlh vU; laoSèkkfud 'kkld dks mruh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ çkIr ugha] ;gk¡ rd fd vesfjdk osQ
jk"Vªifr dks Hkh ughaA¸ nwljh vksj czkbl us dgk gS fd ¶vesfjdk osQ jk"Vªifr dk in fo'o dk loksZPp
in gSA¸

z ykWLdh us bu nksuksa çfrdwy fopkjèkkjkvksa osQ eè; dk ekxZ viuk;k gSμ¶vesfjdk dk jk"Vªifr lezkV
ls de ;k T;knk nksuksa gSA¸ bl çdkj çèkkuea=kh vkSj jk"Vªifr dh fLFkfr osQ fo"k; esa fo}ku~ ,der
ugha gS fiQj Hkh ykWLdh dk fopkj lR; osQ vfèkd fudV gSA
z nksuksa turk osQ çfrfufèk gksrs gSa] nksuksa çtkrU=k jkT;ksa esa losZlokZ gSa] nksuksa dh 'kfDr;k¡ O;kid gSa] nksuksa
fo'o dh nks egku~ 'kfDr;ksa osQ dk;Zikfydk çèkku gS] nksuksa turk osQ çfr mÙkjnk;h 'kklu osQ lapkyd
gSa vkSj nksuksa ;q¼ vFkok ladVdkyhu voLFkk esa vlhfer vfèkdkjksa dk ç;ksx dj ldrs gSaA
z prqFkZ x.krU=k dk lafoèkku fczfV'k lafoèkku dh rjg iw.kZr% lalnkRed (Parliamentary) FkkA okLrfod
'kklu&'kfDr eaf=kifj"kn~ osQ gkFk esa FkhA jk"Vªifr uke&ek=k dk ;k laoSèkkfud (Nominal or constitutional)
dk;Zikfydk&izèkku FkkA og 'kfDrghu FkkA vCcs ykWrs us bl in dk ,dek=k xq.k uiqaldrk cryk;k

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