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s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN ;fEo T[g^;z;feqsh fJ~e ;wkBKso gqfeqnk ft~u ftn;s j[zdh j?, feUAfe fJj gfog~eK ns/ ngfog~eK
d[nkok Gkr b?D ft~u G/d eodh j?.”
okiBhfse ;wkiheoD “Uj gqfeqnk j? fi; d[nkok okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK dk nB[o~fynD ns/ UBK ft~u
gfotosB ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; ekoi d/ fBPgkdB d/ wkfXnw Bkb ftneshnK Bz{ okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK
ft~u Pkfwb ehsk iKdk j?.@ d{i/ PpdK ft~u, fJj T[; f;~fynk gqfeqnk t~b fBod/P eodk j? fi; d[nkok
;[;zukfbs okiBhfse ftt;Ek d/ bJh ;theko wkDeK ns/ fttjkoK Bz{ fJ~e ghVh s'A nrbh ghVh s~e
;zgq/fPs ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; oK fJ; ;zebgBk dk T[d/P ftneshnK dk fJ; sohe/ Bkb gqfPePD ns/ ftek;
eoBk j? fe Uj okiBhfse ;w[dkJ/ d/ ;[ekoiekoh w?Apo pD ;eD. Ikfjo j? fe fJ;d/ noE ft~u ftfPPN
o{g ft~u wB'ftfrnkfBe nk:kw fBfjs j? fe “fJj ;zubBPhb okiBhfse ftt;Ek d/ ;theko wkDeK,
nfGftq~shnK ns/ fttjko Bz{ eqfwe Yzr bkb f;~yDk j?.”
okiBhfse ;wkiheoD dh gqfeqnk nkw s"o s/ nke;few iK nfdqP o{g Bkb ezw eodh j?. fJ; dk noE
fJj j? fe nfij/ PKs ns/ ;"wn o{g ft~u ;zukfbs j[zdh j? fe b'eK Bz{ fJ;d/ ;zukbB dh ypo th BjhA j[zdh.
b'e fJBK wkDeK Bz{ ;theko eo b?Ad/ jB ns/ Uj fJBK d/ n"fus d/ pko/ ft~u e'Jh fJsokI BjhA eod/.
fJ; bJh, fJ; ;zebgBk dh ftPk t;s{ Uj gqfeqnk j?, fi; d[nkok b'e Bk e/tb ;feqn okiBhfse w[~bK
Bz{ rqfjD eod/ jB, id'A fe Uj ;gPN sohe/ Bkb okiBhfse rshftXhnK ft~u Gkr th b?Ad/ jB.fJ; gqeko
ftuko eoD s/ okiBhfse ;wkiheoD d/ nzsors ihtB dh jo/e nt;Ek ft~u ;ko/ n"gukfoe ns/
nD^n"gukfoe okiBhfse gqfPePD nk ikDr/, fco ukj/ Uj ikD^p[~M e/ j'D, iK nk:'fis, ns/ fJ; ft~u
Bk e/tb Uj ;gPN okiBhfse gqfPePD Pkfwb j't/rk i' okiBhfse fttjko Bz{ gqGkfts eodk j? (fit/
A okiBhfse fdqPNh Bkb n;zpzX ;wkfie gqftq~shnK dk rqfjD eoBk) pbfe fJ; ft~u okiBhfse fdqPNh
Bkb ;zpzfXs ftnehrs ftP/PsktK Bz{ rqfjD eoBk th Pkfwb j't/rk.”

eh s[;hA ikDd/ j' okiBhfse ;wkiheoD dh ;zebgBk ft~u gqXkB pb fJ~e ghVh s'A nrbh ghVh
s~e okiBhfse w[~bK d/ ;zgq/PD s/ pb fd~sk iKdk j?.

fe;/ ;wkfie iK okiBhfse ftt;Ek dh ;fEosk fJ; s~E d/ ekoD fJ;d/ w?ApoK d/ okiBhfse ;wkiheoD
s/ fBoGo eodh j? fe fJ~e uzrk ekoiekoh Bkrfoe Uj ftnesh j[zdk j? i' ;wki d/ okiBhfse wkDeK
Bz{ nzrheko eo bt/ ns/ UBK Bz{ Gkth ghVhnK s~e ;zgq/fPs eo/.T[dkjoD bJh, fJ~e ;fEo b'esKsfoe
ftt;Ek, fit/A fpqN/B, nkgD/ w?ApoK Bz{ gqfPefPs eoe/ nfijk nfGn;s pDk fdzdh j? fe Uj gfotosB
eoD bJh ;zftXkfBe T[gktK Bz{ ;theko eo b?D, pikfJ fJ; d/ fe Uj fJBK wkwfbnK Bz{ ;Ve s/ b? ikD
iK fjz;kswe T[Eb^g[Eb dhnK nt;EktK g?dk eoD. fJ; soK okiBhfse ;wkiheoD d/ nzsors Uj ;koh
gqfeqnk nk iKdh j? fi;d/ d[nkok e'Jh ftnesh “i' ftPkb fttjkokswe ywsktK Bkb iBw b?Adk j?,T[;Bz{
fJ~e nfij/ fttjko dk ftek; eoBk efmB j[zdk j? i' fe;/ nfXe ;zehoD gok; Bkb gqshpzfXs eo fd~sk
iKdk j?^fi;dk y/so ;kXkoD j[zdk j? ns/ T[;Bz{ tor d/ ftfdnkoEhnK d/ nB[o{g ft~u ;theko j[zdk j?.”
i/eo fJ; Bz{ ;kXkoD PpdK ft~u fejk ikt/ sK okiBhfse ;wkiheoD fJ~e nfijk ftuko j? i' okiBhfse
;EkfJ~st d/ Nhu/ Bz{ gqkgs eoD dh T[whd eodk j?.fJ; dk nkXko fJj j? fe e'Jh okiBhfse ftt;Ek
T[d'A s~e ;[uko{ Yzr Bkb ezw BjhA eo ;edh id'A s~e T[;d/ Bkb Bkb okiBhfse wkDeK ns/ w[~bK Bz{ nzrheko
eoD dh gqfeqnk ezw ft~u Bk j't/.fit/A fe fJ~e iht (organism) d/ ;zpzX ft~u j[zdk j?, T[;/ soK oki fBekn
(body politic) ft~u th nB[o~fynD ns/ nfsihftsk s'A fJbktk fe;/ j'o uhI dh Io{os BjhA j[zdh. ns/
nfsihftsk (survival) dk ;EkfJ~st s'A fJbktk j'o e'Jh wsbp BjhA j?. fit/A okpoNk ;kJhrb (Roberta
Sigel) B/ fejk j?, “okiBhfse ;wkiheoD dk T[d/P nfij/ ftneshnK dk gqfPePD ns/ ftek; eoBk j?
fi; Bkb Uj okiBhfse ;wki d/ uzr/ ekoiekoh w?Apo pD ;eDHHHH. feUAfe fJ~e oki fBekn s'A fpBK
i' ;zukfbs okiBhfse w[~bK ns/ okiBhfse ftt;Ek Bkb ;zs[bB ft~u j?, ;[uko{ o{g Bkb ezw BjhA j' ;edk.
ns/ nzfsw o{g ft~u nfsihftsk okiBhfse ;zrmB dk T[;/ gqeko Nhuk j?, fit/A fJ~e iht dk.

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