Page 123 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN dh d/D ;h. fJ;B/ T[BQK w"fbe BhshnK Bz{ gkfoGkPs ehsk fiBQK dk nB[gkbB uhBh rDoki eo/rk. iBtkdh
b'eszsoh nfXBkfJePkjh f;XKs fJ;dk nkXko ;h.
;bkjdksk ;zw/bB B/ fszB gqb/yK dk fBowkD ehsk – (e) nkw gaq'rokw (A Common Programme) (y)
;bkjdksk ;zw/bB dk ;kt:t fBnw (An Organic Law of the CPPCC) ns/ (r) e/Adoh ;oeko dk
;kt:t fBnw (An Organic Law of the Central People's Government)
fszBK gqb/yK ftu nkw g'qrokw ;G s'A fInkdk wj~stg{oB ;h. fJ; ftu nKsfoe Pk;Bekb d/ bJh noEks
;wkitkd dh gqkgsh se d/ bJh, w"fbe T[d/PK dk T[b/y ehsk frn ;h. gq;sktBk ftu fejk frnk ;h uhB
dk okiBhfse nkXko ‘BthB gqikszso’ (New Democracy) j? fiBQK dk T[g:'r ‘iBsKsfoe nfXBkfJeszso’
(People Democratic Dictatorship) d[nkok ehsk ikJ/rk. ‘BthB gqikszso’ dk noE T[; ;zeowD ekb s'A
;h fi;d/ d[nkok uhB Bz{ ‘noX–;kwzstkd’ (Semi Feudalism) ns/ ‘noX–T[gfBt/Ptkd’ (Semi Colonialism)
s'A r[Io e/ ‘;otjkok nfXBkfJetkd’ (Proletarian Dictatorship) se gjz[uDk ;h. ‘iBsKsfoe
nfXkBkfJeszso’ dk noE j? fe ‘gqukszso’ ‘iBsk’ d/ j~E ftu oj/rk ns/ ‘nfXBkfJeszso’ j'o torK – t~v/
p[oi[nk, ;kwzsh iwhAdko ns/ iBsk d/ j'o d[PwBK T[s/ bkr{ j'J/rk. fBotkuB ;zpzXh nfXeko ns/ tke s/ ftuko
;[szsosk e/tb ‘iBsk’ Bz{ gqkgs j'j/rk. nkw g'qrokw ftu j'o eJh w"fbe rZbK dk T[b/y ehsk frnk ;h.
fit/A ;wokitkdh ftP/PkfXekoK dh ;wkgsh, G{wh–;[Xko, T[fd:'rheoD dh io{os, okPNoh x~N frDsh Bz{ ;wkB
nfXeko ns/ ;'thns o{; Bkb fwZsosk. ;oeko d/ YKu/ d/ pko/ ftu fejk frnk ;h fe ;zeqwD ekb ftu noEks
okPNoh iB–;oeko gfoPd (Central People's Government Council) dk fBotkuB j'J/rk i' ekoiekoDh
d/ o{g ftu ezw eo/rh.
;zw/bB dk T[d/P uhB d/ ;ko/ gqiksKsfoe torK ns/ okPNohsk Bz{ J/esk d/ ;{so ftu pzBQDk ;h. ;zw/bB
gqikszso d/ g'qrokw Bz{ bkr{ eo/rk, ;wokitkd, ;kwzstkd ns/ B"eoPkjh g{zihtkd dk fto'X eo/rk,
e[nkfwzsKr Bz{ T[ykV ;[N/rk ns/ eqKsh fto'XhnK dk ftBkP eo/rk. fJ;dk nzfsw beP noE–ftnt;Ek
Bz{ wip{s eoBk n/s fJe fdqV, ;[szso ns/ PKshfgqn iBtkdh rDsKsfos uhB dh ;EkgBk eoBk j'J/rk.
e/Adoh iBtkdh ;oeko gfoPd ftu 56 w?Apo j'Dr/. fiBQK ftu fJe w[yh ns/ 6 T[gw[yh j'Dr/. fJj
ftXkfJek, ekoiekoDh ns/ fBnKgkfbek fszBK dk ezw eo/rh. gfoPd eJh ndkfonK dk ;zrmB eo/rh.
fJBQK ftu ;G s'A fInkdk wjZstg{oB ;oeko gqPk;B gfoPd (Government Administration Council)
;h. i' fJe ;[go–e?fpB/N (Super Cabinet) d/ o{g ftu ezw eodh ;h. fJ;d/ w?Apo ;B, gqXkBwzsoh,
gzi T[g^gqXkBwzsoh, fJe wjk;fut ns/ 16 w?Apo. ;oeko gqPk;B gfoPd (GAC) dh uko ;whshnK
;B. (e) okiBhfse ns/ ekBz{Bh wkwfbnK dh ;whshy, (y) ftZs ns/ noE ;whsh, (r) ;z;feqsh ns/
f;fynk ;whsh, (x) iB–fBohyD ;whsh. fJBQK d/ nbktk ;bkjdksk ;zw/bB (CPOC) B/ fJe eqKshekoh
;?fBe gfoPd (Revolutionary Military Council), fJe ;otT[Zu fBnKfbnk (Supreme Court) ns/
fJe ;otT[Zu iB–gq'feT[o/;h (Super People's Procuracy) dh ;EkgBk ehsh ;h.
;bkjdksk ;zw/bB ftu ;otT[Zu ftXkfJek Pesh fBfjs ;h. ;oeko gqPk;B gfoPd ns/ e/Adoh iBtkdh
;oeko gfoPd fInkdk PeshPkbh ndkok ;B. gozs{ fJj d't/A ndko/ th ;kfwntkdh db d/ fJPko/ T[s/
ubd/ ;B feT[Afe db dk ;oeko g{oB fBnzsqD ;h.
) –
1954 dk ;zftXkB (
) –
) – 13 iBtoh, 1953 Bz{ wkUs;/–sz[r dh nrtkJh
1954 dk ;zftXkB (The Constitution of 1954) –
1954 dk ;zftXkB ( ) –
1954 dk ;zftXkB (
1954 dk ;zftXkB (
ftu e/Adoh ;oeko B/ fJe ;wshdh fBowkB ehsk. fJ;dk T[d/P iBtkdh rDoki d/ bJh ;zftXkB dk gqko{g
fsnko eoBk ;h. wkou, 1954 ftu ;whsh B/ ;zftXkB d/ gqko{g Bz{ ;theko ehsk. gqko{g Bz{ ftuko–tNKdok
ns/ ;[Mkn d/ bJh iBsk d/ ;Bw[y oy fdZsk frnk. d' wjhB/ se fJ; T[/s/ ftuko–tNKdok j[zdk fojk.
fJ; nkXko gqko{g ftu T[fus ;zP'XB fbnkJ/ rJ/ . 14 i{B, 1954 Bz{ ;zP'fXs o{g ftu ;zftXkB d/ gqko{g
Bz{ gqekPs ehsk frnk ns/ ;ot;kXkoD dh uouk d/ bJh T[;Bz{ iBsk ftu gfoukfbs ehsk frnk. d' wjHB/
se b'e–fttkd j[zdk fojk. ;zftXkB Bz{ iBsk dk ;woEB gqkgs j'fJnk ns/ ;zP'XB d/ bJh nB/e ;[Mkn
fdZs/ rJ/. fJBQK ;[MktK d/ ;zdoG ftu gqko{g ;whsh B/ d[pkok ;zP'XB fbnkT[Adk. ;zftXkB d/ ;zP'fXs gqko{g
Bz{ 9 ;szpo 1954 Bz{ e/Adoh iBtkdh ;oeko gfoPd B/ Ugukfoe o{g Bkb ;theko ehsk. gfjbh okPNoh
iB–eKro; B/ 20 ;szpo, 1954 Bzz{ ;zftXkB Bz{ nzfsw o{g Bkb ;thfeqsh gqdkB ehsh.

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