Page 128 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

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fJekJh^6L ;wkfie–nkofEe nkXko ns/ ;zftXkB d/ w[Zy bSD
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ftu T[; ftX/ne B{z ;z;d d[nkok gk; wzfBnk ikt/rk.

;z;d s'A gk; j'D d/ pknd jo/e ftX/ne Bz{ okPNogsh d/ j;skyo bJh G/iDk j[zdk j? i/ okPNogsh fe;h
ftX/ne T[s/ j;skyo eoB s'A fJBeko eo dt/ sK T[; B{z ;N/N fvT{wk d/ e'b tkg; G/i fdZsk iKdk j?
i/eo ;N/N fvT{wk okPNogsh d/ ;zP'XBK Bkb ;fjws j'D sK T[j T[; Bz{ ;kXkoD pj[ws Bkb d[pkok gk;
eo ;edh j?. i/ ;N/N fvT{wk okPNogsh s'A n;fjws j'D sK T[j T[;Bz{ d'–fsjkJh pj[ws Bkb d[pkok
gkfos eoe/ okPNogsh d/ fBP/XkfXeko (Veto) B{z fBo;s eo ;edh j?. fJjh gqfeqnk ;zxh gfoPd ftu
th d[jokT[Dh j't/rh – noEks i/ ;zxh gfoPd okPNogsh d/ ;zP'XBk Bkb ;fjws j'D sK T[j T[; B{z ;kXkoD
pj[ws Bkb d[pkok gk; eo ;edh j?, BjhA s/ T[;Bz{ fJZE/ th d'–fsjkJh pj[ws Bkb gk; eoBk j't/rk.
i/eo fJj PosK g{ohnK j' iKdhnK jB sK gq;s[s ftX/ne Bz{ okPNogsh d/ d[nkok gk; wzfBnk ikt/rk.
t?;/ ftXkfJek B{z ft;fsqs PeshnK gqdkB ehshnk rJhnK jB, fco th T[BQK ftu'A eJh soQK Bkb eN"sh
eo fdZsh rJh j?. ;N/N fvT{wk g{oB pj[ws (Absolute Majority) d/ nXko T[s/ (noEks 226 t'NK d/
nkXko T[s/) nftPtk; gq;skt (Vote of No-Confidence) gk; eoe/ ;oeko frok ;edh j? gozs{ fJ;
Bz{ fszB wjhB/ d nzso d' tko nfijk gq;skt gk; eoBk j't/rk, sd jh okPNogsh T[; ekotkjh eoB B{z
fttP j't/rk. nfijh jkbs ftu okPNogsh iK sK BthA ;oeko dk rmB eo/rk, fco ;N/N fvT{wk B{ Gzr
eoe/ BthA u'D eokT[D dk nkd/P d/t/rk. Bt/A gqXkBwzsoh ns/ BthA ;oeko dh fB:[esh d/ bJh ;N/N fvT{wk
dk nB[;woEB (Ratification) io{oh j't/rk. i/eo okPNogsh d[nkok gq;skfts T[whdtko Bz{ ;N/N fvT{wk
Bz{ Gzr eo ;edk j? ns/ BthA u'D dk nkd/P d/ ;edk j?. gozs{ fJBQK jkbksK ftu okPNogsh ;z;d Bz{ Gzr
BjhA eo ;edkL (e) i/eo BthA ;z;d dh u'D d/ pknd fJe ;kb s'A xZN ;w/A phfsnk j't/, (y) i/eo ;z;d
okPNogsh d/ fto[ZX wjkfG:'r (Impeachement) dh ekotkjh P[o eo u[eh j't/, (r) i/eo okPNogsh
o{; ftu nkgks–ekb (Emergency) dh x'PDk eo u[ek j't/l (x) i/eo okPNogsh dk ekoiekb ysw jD
ftu S/ wjhB/ s'A xN ;wK ofjzdk j't/. T[Xo ;z;d gfoPd okPNogsh d/ fto[~X sd jh wjkfG:'r ubk ;edh
j?. id ;zxh ;Gk d/ d't/A ;dB fJ;d/ gZy ftu t'N d/ u[e/ j'D, ns/ ;otT[Zu fBnKfbnk (Supreme
Courl) ns/ ;zftXkfBe fBnKfbnk (Constitutional Court) d't/A fJ; gq;skt Bkb ;fjws j'D.
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wjkfG:'r (
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wjkfG:'r (
iK ;ot'u fBnKfbnk iK fe;/ j'o T[ZukfXekoh T[s/ nfsnzs rzGho nko'g brk e/ T[/; gd s'A jNkD dh
ekotkjh ehsh iKdh j?. fJj nko'g d/Pd'qj, fGqPNkuko iK ;zftXkb d/ T[bzxD dk j' ;edk j?, wjkfG:'r
T[BQK T[ZukfXekohnK T[s/ ubkfJnk iKdk j?. fiBQK dh gd–ntXh (Teram of Office) ftXkBwzvb d/
okiBhse ;woEB (Political Support) T[s/ nkfPqs BjhA j[zdh.
;kXkoD s"o s/ fe;/ d/P d/ T[ZukfXekoh T[s/ wjkfG:'r ubkT[D dh Pesh T[E'A d/ ftXkBwzvb (Legislature)
ftu fBfjs ofjzdh j?, ns/ fJ;d/ bJh nkg/fys gqfeqnk (Procedure) ;zftXkB dh ftnt;EktK iK T[BQK
Bk i[Vh gqEktK (convention) Bkb fBoXkfos j[zdh j?.
o{; d/ ;zftXkB T[s/ wjkfG:'r ubkT[D ekotkjh uko uoDK ftu g{oh ehsh ik ;edhl (e) ;N/N fvT{wk
Bz{ d'–fsjkJh pj[ws Bkb wjkfG:'r d/ gZy ftu t'N d/Dk j'J/rkl (y) ;otT[Zu fBnKfbnk B{z fJ; rZb
g[PNh eoBh j't/rh fe okPNogsh dh efEs ekotkjh rzGho ngokX iK d/Pd'qj (treason) dh e'Nh
ftu nkT[Adh j?.l (r) ;zftXkfBe fBnKfbnk dk fJj ftnt;Ek d/Dh j't/rh fe ;N/N fvT{wk B/
wjkfG:'r ubkT[D d/ fBoD/ dk i' nB[w'dB ehsk j?, T[; ftu gqfeqnk (Procedure) dk e'Jh T[bzxD
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;zftXkfBe fBnKfbnk (Constitute Court)L )L o{; d/ ;zftXkB d/ nB[;ko, T[j fBnKfbnk fi; B{z
;zftXkfBe fBnKfbnk (
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;zftXkfBe fBnKfbnk (
fBnKfJe w[V fBohyD (Judicial Review) dh Pesh gqkgs j? fJ; ftu 19 w?ApoK dh ftn;Ek ehsh rJh
j?. fJj w?Apo okPNogsh d/ d[nkok wB'Bhs ehs/ iKd/ jB, gozs{ fJBQK dh fB:[esh d/ bJh ;zxh gfoPd
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
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