Page 177 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN fdZsk ns/ rb?v;N'B dh nrtkJh Bz{ nt~PzGkth d~f;nk. nzs ftu, okDh pj[s d{o se BjhA iKdh.
;wokN dk nfXeko fe;h th ;w/A db d/ nzdo dh okJ/ ns/ pkjoh b'ews d/ d[nkok ;hws ofjzdk j?.
• ;o okpoN tkbg'b d/ ;w/A s'A fJj fJe ;[fBPfus fBnw fijk pD frnk j? fe gqXkBwzsoh b'e;Gk,
bkov ;Gk d'tK ftu' fe;/ fJe ;dB dk w?Apo oj/. gozs{ thjthA Pskpdh ftu fJj th fBPfus j'
frnk j? fe gqXkBwzsoh Bz{ b'e;Gk dk w?Apo io{o jh j'Dk ukjhdk j?, bkov ;Gk dk w?Apo noEks ghno
gqXkBwzsoh BjhA pD ;edk j?.
• Gkt/A fBnfws gqXkBwzsoh gdth d/ bJh e'Jh fBPfus :'rsk BjhA j?, fco th ftntjko ftu T[;d/ bJh
e[M fBih r[DK dk j'Dk io{oh j?. ftfGzB ftdtkBK B/ gqXkBwzsoh d/ bJh ftfGzB :'rsktK dk T[b/y ehsk
j?. w[Bo' d/ PpdK ftu, “fpqN/B d/ gqXkBwzsoh e[bhB, ;[f;fyns ns/ XBtkB jz[d/ jB. T[j S'Nh T[wo
ftu jh okiBhsh ftu gqt/P eod/ ns/ fJ; Bz{ nkgDk feZsk pDk b?Ad/ jB.” wro fgN gqXkBwzsoh d/ fJ;
r[DK dk T[b/y ehsk j? L “gfjbk tefsst Pesh, d{ik frnkB, shi/ fwjBs, ns/ nzs ftu Xhoi.” T[;
Bz{ e/tb b'ews dk nfXn?B eoB tkbk ftfdnkoEh jh BjhA j'Dk ukjhdk, pbfe T[; Bz{ gquko ebk dk gzfvs
th j'Dk ukjhdk j?.
• ;wokN fJe Bkw wkso dk gqXkB j?. ftntjko ftu T[;dh swkw PeshnK dk gq:'r wzsohwzvb d[nkok
j[zdk j? i' nzs ftu gqXkBwzsoh d/ j~E ftu ufbnk iKdk j?. gqXkBwzsoh d/ j~E ftu jh Pk;B dk swkw
nfXeko ofjzdk j?. T[j fpqfNP ;zftXkB dh e[zih j?.

• T[;dh PeshnK d/ w[~y s"o s/ d' ;q's jB – ftXh ns/ ftfis db d/ B/sk dh ;fEsh.
• gqXkBwzsoh wzsohwzvb d/ fBowkD, ihtB ns/ fwqs{ dk e/Ado (Centre of Formation, Life and
Death) j?. gqXkBwzsoh gd dh tkrv'o ;zGkbD d/ pknd T[;dk eosZt j[zdk j? wzsohwzvb dk fBowkD
eoBk. N/eBheb o{g Bkb j'o wzsohnK dh fB:[esh oki d/ gqXkB noEks ;wokN d[nkok j[zdh j?, gozs{
nB"gukfoe o{g Bkb gqXkBwzsoh jh T[BQK Bz{ fB:[es eodk j?, feT[Afe T[;dh ;bkj T[s/ ;wokN T[BQK
Bz{ wzsohwzvb ftu Pkwb eodk j?.

• gqXkBwzsoh e/tb wzsohwzvb dk fBowkD jh BjhA eodk j?, pbfe T[; Bz{ ihtB fdzdk j? ns/ rsh gqdkB
eodk j?. wzsohnK d/ ftZu ftGkrK dk ftsoD gqXkBwzsoh jh eodk j? i/ e'Jh nB[Gth okiBhfse ukj/
sK fe;/ ftGkr Bzz{ n;thfeqs th eo ;edk j?, pPos/ fe T[; db ftu T[;Bz{ fJzBk ;woED gqkgs
j't/ fe Pk;B Bz{ T[;dh ;/tktk nfsnzs io{oh j'D ns/ db d/ bJh th nfij/ ftnesh s'A tzfus
j'Dk p[ZXhwkBh Bk j't/.
• gqXkBwzsoh dk f;oc fBowksk ns/ gkbBeosk jh BjhA, pbfe ;zjkoeosk (destroyer) th j?. ;ko/
wzsohnK dk GftZy T[;/ d/ Bkb pzfBQnk j'fJnk j?. gqXkBwzsoh d/ Bkb jh j'o wzsoh th s?od/ iK v[Zpd/
jB. T[;d/ fsnkr–g~so d/ Bkb g{oh wzsoh gfoPd Gzr j' ikJ/rh. fJ;d/ nbktk T[; s'A n;fjws
j'D tkb/ j'o wzsoh Bz{ fsnkr–g~so d[nkok gd–fsnkr eoBk g?Adk j?.
• fJ; gqeko gqXkBwzsoh wzsohwzvb d/ fBowkD, ihtB ns/ woD d/ e/Ado–fpzd{ jB. T[j wzsohwzvb
dk fBowkD eosk, gkbBeosk ns/ ;zjkoeosk, noEks pqjwk, ftPBz{ ns/ wj/P j?. wzsohwzvb
o{gh w/jokp (Arch) dh nkXkofPbk j?. wzsoh gfoPd dh T[j e[zih j?. gozs{ nwfoek d/
okPNogsh dh soQK wzsohwzvb dk wkfbe BjhA j?, wzsohwzvb d/ j'o w?Apo T[;d/ B"eo BjhA pbfe
;fj:'rh jB.
• fcbkv/bfcnk ;zw/bB ftu fBPfus ekoiftXh d/ bJh fBotkfus J/eb ekoigkfbek d/ gZy ftu
;wM"sk j'fJnk. ;' ;zftxkB ftu fJj ftnt;Ek ehsh rJh fe ekoi gkfbek Pesh fJe okPNogsh
ftu fBfjs j't/rh i' uko ;kb d/ bJh ngqsZy o{g Bkb fBotkfus j'D.

• ;zftXkB d/ d{i/ nB[S/d ftu okPNogsh d/ fBotkuB ftXh (Procedure of Election) dk T[b/y ehsk
frnk j?. okPNogsh dk fBotkuB fJe fBotkue wzvb (Electoral College) d[nkok j[zdk j?.

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