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fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
g{oB okPNohsk dk ;woEe j?. gz{ihtkd, ftneshrs ;zgsh ns/ gqkJht/N T[fd:'r–XzfdnK dk ;ozfynB BØN
fJ; db dk T[sfeqN T[d/P j?. gozs{ fJj :kd oyDk ukjhdk j? fe fJj db gozgoktkdh Gb/ jh j?,
gqshfeqnktkdh fpbe[b BjhA. fJ;Bz{ gqrsh fto'Xh efjDk rbs j'J/rk. gfotosB ns/ gqrsh dk fJj fto'X
bkov ;/f;b
bkov ;/f;b
BjhA pbfe ;ktXkBh Bkb ns/ j'bh–j'bh gfotosD ukj[zdk j?. bkov ;/f;bbkov ;/f;b d/ PpdK ftu “nB[dko db
bkov ;/f;b
th ;[Xkotkdh j? go ;ktXkBh d/ Bkb.” fJj db ;ko/ torK d/ fjs ;kXB d/ bJh g{zihtkd ftu gfotosD
fbnkT[Dk ukj[zdk j? T[j fJj th ukj[zdk j? fe gqikszso dh oZfynk j't/ ns/ oki ;kwkfie ;/tktK dh ftek;–
tkX/ dh soc nr/ tXdk oj/. T[fd:'frd y/so ftu oki d/ dyb d/ fto[ZX T[j BjhA pbfe p/ekoh
Bz{ d/o eo d/ T[d/P Bkb rqfj–T[fd:'rk d/ ;ozfynB Bz{ T[s;kj fdzdk j?. fJXo db d/ B"itkB w?Apo Pqfwe
db Bz{ th gqrshPhb pDkT[D T[s/ i'o d/D br/ jB. ;zB 1947 JhH d/ T[fd:'frd nkfrnk gZso
(Industrial Charter) Bkwe b/y ftu e/Adoh fBUiB (Central Planning) dh io{os Bz{ ;theko ehsk
frnk. ;zB 1949 JhH ftu fJ; db B/ nkgDh Bhsh fBod/Pe g~fsqek “fpqN/B d/ bJh fJjh wkor” (The
Right Road for British) ftu fJj gqfs~frnk dhehs fe d/P ftu ;kfonK Bz{ o'irko fwb/rk ns/ Pk;B
b'e–efbnkDekoh ;/tktK d/ gk;/ n~r/ j'J/rk. 1955 JhH ftu u'D x'PDk–g~so ftu fJ;B/ ;[szso T[fd:'r
ns/ ;[szso tgko T[s/ i'o fdZsk. fJ; gqeko fJj db fJe gqshrkwh ;zrmB BjhA ofj frnk j?, pfbe
fJj gozgok ns/ gqrsh dk w/b eodk j?. fJ; db d/ ;woEe fInkdkso XfBe b'e jB, go wfXnw tor
ns/ Pqfwe tor d/ b'eK s'A th fJBQK Bz{ ;woEB gqkgs j?. G{wh–;wf;nk ftu fJj db fInkdk o[Mkn oydk
j?. fJ; bJh fJ; Bz{ d/jksh db (Rural Party) th fejk iKdk j?.
db dk ;zrmB–db ;zrmB Bz{ d' fj~f;nK ftu tzfvnk ik ;edk j? – (e) ;z;dh ;zrmB ns/ (y)
db dk ;zrmB–
db dk ;zrmB–
db dk ;zrmB–
db dk ;zrmB–
;kotifBe ;zrmB.
(e) ;z;dh ;zrmB–
(e) ;z;dh ;zrmB–
(e) ;z;dh ;zrmB–
(e) ;z;dh ;zrmB–
(e) ;z;dh ;zrmB–;z;dh ;zrmB d/ nzsors ;G s'A gfjbK d/ B/sk (Leader) dk ;EkB nkT[Adk j?.
nB[dko db d/ B/sk Bz{ ngko Pesh gqkgs j?. T[j db dh Bhsh dk fBoXkoD eodk j?, ;z;dh gdkfXekohnK
ns/ wzsohwzvb d/ w?Apo Bz{ nkg u[Ddk j?, ;z;d d/ pkjo db d/ gdkfXekohnK Bz{ wB'Bhs eodk j? ns/ db
dk e/Adoh dcso T[;d/ nXhB ofjzdk j?. nB[dko db ftu B/sk dk fezBk wj~st j? ns/ T[;Bz{ fezBk ;BwkB
fd~sk iKdk j?, fJ;dk nzdkIk 1947 ftu db d/ gqXkB d[nkok ej/ rJ/ fJBQK PpdK Bkb ubdk j?, “T[;dh
(B/sk dh) ;~sk ;[szso fBotkuB s/ T[;d/ ;woEeK d/ ftPtk; T[s/ nkXkfos j?. okPNoh ;zrmB d[nkok
gk; gq;skt T[;d/ e'b ;{uBk ns/ T[;d/ wkordoPB d/ bJh G/i/ iKd/ jB, gozs{ e'Jh th gq;skt ukj/ fezBk
jh i'odko feT[A Bk j't/, Bhsh ;zpzXh gqPBK d/ ftP/ ftu T[; T[s/ e'Jh gqshpzX BjhA brk ;edk. fJjh ;kv/
bJh nB[e{b j?. fJjh T[BQK wjkg[oPK dh Pqzybk d/ bJh nB[e{b fojk j? fiBQK dh nrtkJh d/ ubD ftu n;hA
r"ot dk nB[Gt eo oj/ jK. Gkt/A db dh Bhsh d/ fBowkD dk T[;Bz{ fJekfXekoh gqkgs j?, go j'o w?ApoK
dh fJ~SktK ns/ ftukoK dh T[j ntj/bBk Bk eodk. fJe tko B/sk u[D bJ/ ikD T[s/ fJ~Skgfonzs T[j fJ;
gd T[s/ pfDnk ofjzdk j? id se T[;dh f;js ns/ T[;d/ fto[X dbhJ/ n;zs'y T[;Bz{ fsnkr gZso eoB
s/ wip{o Bk eo d/ ns/ T[;dk d/jKs Bk j' ikJ/. id nB[dko db fto'Xh db d/ o{g ftu ekoi eodk j?
ns/ B/sk SK wzsohwzvb (Shadow Cabinet) dk fJ~Sk Bkb fBowkD eodk j?. fJ; d/ nbktk T[j fJe
ekoi ;whsh (Executive Committee) dh fB:[esh eodk j? fi;d/ w?Apo ;z;dh db dh ftnt;kfJe
;whshn d/ w[yh j[zd/ jB. jo fJe ;dB d/ db ftu ;kXkoD w?ApoK dk fJe ;zrmB j[zdk j? fi;Bz{ 1922
JhH dk ;zrmB (1922 Committe) fejk iKdk j?. db d/ ;ko/ w?Apo fJ;d/ w?Apo j[zd/ jB. fJ; dh
jcsktkoh p?meK ftu ftnt;kfJe ;whsshnK fog'oN gq;s[s eodhnK jB, ;u/se nrb/ jcs/ d/ gq'rokw
dh x'PDk eodk j? ns/ db s/ ;oekoh BhshnK T[s/ ftuko ehsk iKdk j?. fJE/ ;zrmB jo ;kb 1 w[yh,
2 T[gw[yh, 2 ;fut ns/ 1 yiKuh u[Ddk j?. fJ;dh fJe ekoiekoDh ;whsh j[zdh j? fi; ftu T[g:[es
gdkfXekohnK d/ nbktk 12 j'o w?Apo j[zd/ jB. db dk fJe ;u/se (whip) j[zdk j? i' w?ApoK Bz{ Pk;Bp~X
oydk j?. bkov–;Gk ftu fJ;dh wj~stjhD ;zftXkfBe ;fEsh ns/ nB[dko db d/ pj[s fInkdk pj[ws
d/ ekoD dbhJ/ ;zrmB wj~stjhB jB. fJ; ;dB ftu nB[dko w?ApoK dk fJe ;zrmB j[zdk j? i' ;[szso
nB[dko bkov; (Independent Unionist Peers) ejkT[Adk j?. fJ;dh eJh ;whshnK j[zdhnK jB. ;dB
ftu db dk fJe ;u/se (whip) j[zdk j?.

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