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fJekJh^14L G{^wzvbheoD
fJekJh^14L G{^wzvbheoD
fJekJh^14L G{^wzvbheoD
fJekJh^14L G{^wzvbheoD
fJekJh^14L G{^wzvbheoD
ns/ nyzvsk (Integrity) d/ w[~y ;zo~fyne d/ o{g ft~u t/ydk j?. u'D dh okiBhsh (Electrocal Politics) BØN
d/ ekoB id'A pko pko ;oekoK pdbdhnK jB, fJE' s~e fe eJh tko ;fEo ;oeko pBD ft~u nVuD nk
iKdh j?, T[; t/b/ ;zo~fyne nfXekoh szso ;k;B dk ;kok Gko nkgD/ w'fYnK s/ b? b?Adk j? ns/ ;ko/ ezw
fJ; soK eoB b~rdk j? fit/A fe u[Dh jh ;oeko B{z eoB/ ukjhd/ jB okiBhse T[Eb g[Eb d/ ;w/A id'A
fes/ ;oeko fv~r iKdh j?, T[~E/ ;zo~fyne nfXekoh szso nokiesk (Anarchy) BjhA c?bD fdzdk pbfe BthA
;oeko dh ;EkgBk j'D s~e ;oeko d/ ;ko/ ezw eki ubkT[dK j?. nfijh ;fEsh nkw s"o s/ sh;oh d[BhnK
(Third World) d/ d/PK ft~u gkJh iKdh j?. shih d[BhnK d/ d/P t?;/ s/ gozgokrs ;wki jB, go T[gfBt/
Ptkdh d"V ft~u nfij/ pj[s ;ko/ d/PK d/ Pk;eK B/ T[E/ ni'ehnK nfXekoh szsoh ;zouBKtk (Modern
Bureaucratic structure) ;Ekfgs eo fd~shnK ;B. fJ; soK fJBK d/PK B{z ;[szsosk d/ ;w/A i' gqPk;fBe
ftt;Ek ftok;s ft~u fwbh, T[j fJBK tk;s/ pj[s T[g:'rh f;~X j'Jh. fJ~E' s~e fe okiBhse nf;Eosk
(Political instability) d/ d"o ft~u fJj nfXekoh szso Pk;B dk ;kok ezw ;zGkb b?Ad/ jB. nfij/
nfXekoh szso B{z ;zo~fyne nfXekoh szso (Gurdian Bureaucracy) fejk iKdk j?. T[dkjoD d/ s"o s/
gkfe;skB d/ ft~u eJh tkoh okiBhse T[Eb g[Eb d/ d"o ft~u T[~E/ dk nfXekoh szso ;oeko dk ;kok ezw
;zGkbdk fojk j?.
Gkosh gqPk;fBe ;/tk (Indian Administrative Service) dk YKuk th T[gfBt/Ptkdh d"o dh d/D fojk
j?. fJj ;/tk fJzvhnB f;tb ;oft; (Indian Civil Service: ICS) dh T[~sokfXekoh j?, fi;B{z fpqfNP
oki t/b/ ;Ekfgs ehsk frnk ;h. T[; t/b/ c'bkdh YKuk (Steel Frame) fejk iKdk ;h. fJ; soK ‘Gkosh
gqPkfBe ;/tk’ n~i th g{oh soK ekfJw j? ns/ fJ;B/ eJhA tko ;zo~fyne nfXekoh szso dh G{fwek fBGkJh
j?. fJ~E/ nfXekoh szso nkw s"o s/ okiBhse fdq;Nh Bkb fBog~y fojk j?. fJ; soK pko^pko d/ okiBhse
gfotosBK d/ pkti{d fJ;B/ nkgDh gSkD ekfJw o~yh j? ns/ BthnK ;wkfie BhshnK B{z bkr{ eoB ft~u
pokpoh dh ekoi e[Pbsk dk gfou? fd~sk j?.
e'ohnk ft~u 1910 s'A 1945 s~e T[~EA' d/ igkBh Pk;eK B/ okiBhse ns/ gqPk;fBe gqDkbh Bz{ g{oh soK nkgD/
j~E ft~u o~fynk ;h ns/ T[; ft~u e'ohnk d/ w{b fBtk;hnK dh G{fwek B{z Bk d/ pokpo pDk fd~sk. d{;o/
ftPt :[~X (1939^1945) ft~u id'A igkBhnK dh jko j'Jh ns/ T[j e'ohnk s'A ub/ rJ/ sK T[EA' d/ okiBhse
ns/ gqPk;fBe ihtB ft~u ybkn g?dk j' frnk.
fJ~Xo e[M wkwfbnk ft~u shih d[BhnK dk nfXekoh szso nkX[fBe wkDeK (Modern Norms) d/ nB[;ko
BjhA Yb ;fenk. fJBK d/PK B/ gozgokrs ;wki GkJh Gshiktkd (Kinship) d/ pzXBK ft~u cz;/ j'J/ ;B.
fJj pzXB nfXekoh szso s/ jkth oj/. ncohek ft~u okiBhse Py;hsK, gq;k;fBe nfXekohnK ns/ ;?fBe
nfXekohnK s'A fJj T[whd ehsh iKdh j? fe T[j nkgDh ;~sk (Authority) dk T[g:'r eod/ ;w/A nkgD/
gfotkoK B{z ckfJdk gj[zukDr/. fJ;dk Bshik fJj j'fJnk j? fe T[~E' d/ ;wki ft~u GkJh Gshiktkd ns/
gqPk;fBe fGq;Nkuko dk p'bpkbk j?. Bkihohnk ft~u jo/e oki eqKsh (Coup) d/ pknd pj[s t~v/ g?wkB/
s/ g[okD/ nfXekohnK B{z jNkfJnk frnk j?. uhB d/ gqPk;B szso ft~u th fJ;/ soK dk ftnkge fGq;Nkuko
c?fbnk j'fJnk j?.
fJzBk jh BjhA shih d[BhnK d/ gqPk;fBe nfXekohnK B{z nkgD/ nkgD/ y/so (Region), iksh (Caste) ns/
iBiksh (Tribe) dk ;[Gkfte gqshfBXh wzfBnk iKdk j?. fJ; soK T[j fJj nB[Gt eod/ jB fe nkgD/ nkgD/
;w{j B{z ;jkfJsk ns/ ckfJdk gj[zukDk T[BK dk coI j?. fJ; ;'u B/ “gqshfBXh nfXekoh szso” (Represen-
tative Bureaucracy) d/ ftuko B{z wIp{s ehsk j?.

gqshfBXh nfXekoh szso (Representative)L LL L fJj ftuko fe shih d[BhnK (Third World) d/ d/PK
gqshfBXh nfXekoh szso
gqshfBXh nfXekoh szso L
gqshfBXh nfXekoh szso
gqshfBXh nfXekoh szso
ft~u nfXekoh szso (Bureaucracy) d/ w?Apo fJ;d/ nXhB nkgD/ nkgD/ y/so (Region), iksh (Caste),
iBiksh (Tribe), GkPk (Language) iK Xow (Religion) d/ b'eK dh gqshfBXsk eod/ jB. fJ; soK fJBK
;w{jk d/ b'e nkgD/ fJBk sEkefEs gqshfBXk s'A fJj T[whd eod/ jB fe T[j T[BK dhnK ;w~f;nKtk t~b
yk; fXnkB d/Dr/ ns/ T[jBK dh wdd eoDr/. fJBK T[whdk B{z g{ok eoBk fJ~e soK Bkb nfXekoh szsoK
d/ w?poK dk coi pD iKdk j?.

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