Page 52 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

fJekJh^2L s[bBkswe g~Xsh ns/ okiBhsh
fJekJh^2L s[bBkswe g~Xsh ns/ okiBhsh
fJekJh^2L s[bBkswe g~Xsh ns/ okiBhsh
fJekJh^2L s[bBkswe g~Xsh ns/ okiBhsh
fJekJh^2L s[bBkswe g~Xsh ns/ okiBhsh
pj[s nfXe ;zehoD j'D d/ ekoD fJ; T[gkrw dh nkb'uBK ehsh rJh j?. fJ; ft~u UjBK ftneshnK BØN
dh G{fwek dh T[g/fynk ehsh rJh j?, i' okiBhfse ftt;Ek dh n"gukfoe ns/ nD^n"gukfoe ;zzouBKtK
ns/ T[g;zouBKtK dk fBowkD ns/ UjBK Bz{ gfoukfbs eoB/ jB.fJjh ekoD j? fe fttjkokswe T[gkrw
fJ; T[gkrw dh wj~ssk T[Zs/ Sk frnk j?. fJ~e j'o efmBkJh fJj j? fe ;z;EkfBe T[gkrw dk wsbp ns/
gok; nfXn?Beosk d/ ftukoK d/ Bkb Bkb fGzB fGzB j[zdk ik fojk j?. fiBQK B/ ;oekoh ;z;EKtK, gdK ns/
nfGeoBK dh ebgBk ehsh j? Uj T[;/ nB[;ko ;oeko d/ pko/ ft~u d~;d/ jB ns/ fbyd/ jBL UjBK d/ pDkJ/
j'J/ ;zrmBkswe ukoN T[;/ dk ;[Mkn fdzd/ jB. fJ; ;zebgBk d/ nXhB okiBhsh dk nfXn?B fJ~e nfs
T[Zs/ fJ~e j'o s~E dk fJ~e ;zehoD, ftfPPN s~E pD iKdk j?. nzs ft~u fJ; r~b dk th T[b/y ehsk ikDk
ukjhdk j? fe “fJ; T[gkrw d/ nfXn?Beosk nzsookPNoh okiBhsh dh th nDd/yh eod/ jB, feUAfe pj[s
;w/A s~e oki iK ;oeko fijhnK e'Jh ;z;EktK BjhA ;B. fJ; bjh nfijk gqshs j[zdk j? fe oki^ftfrnkfBeK
d/ bJh fJ; y/so ft~u nfijk e[M BjhA fwbdk fi; pko/ uouk ehsh ik ;e/.@
4H ekBz{Bh T[gkrw^nzs ft~u, gozgokrs T[gkrwK d/ y/so ft~u n;hA ekBz{Bh iK fBnKfJe T[gkrw dk
4H ekBz{Bh T[gkrw^
4H ekBz{Bh T[gkrw^
4H ekBz{Bh T[gkrw^
4H ekBz{Bh T[gkrw^
T[b/y eo ;ed/ jk. fJ; d/ nzsors okiBhsh dk nfXn?B ekBz{Bh gqfefonktK ns/ ;z;EktK Bkb x[b^fwb
frnk j?.ekBz{B ns/ fBnK d/ ftfPnK Bz{ fBnK Pk;so d/ wkwb/ jh BjhA ;wfMnk iKdk pbfe oki
ftfrnkfBe oki Bz{ gqGkth ns/ ;zs[bBg{oB ekBz{B ns/ ftt;Ek Bz{ pDkJ/ o~yD tkbk ;wMd/ jB. fJ; bJh
fBnkfJe ;z;EktK d/ ;zrmB, nfXeko y/so ns/ ;[szsosk Bkb ;zpzfXs wkwb/ oki ftfrnkfBe dk fJ~e
Io{oh ftPk pD iKd/ jB. gqkuhB ekb ft~u ftPb/PDkswe fBnKPk;soh f;;/o'A (Cicero) s'A b? e/ nkX[fBe
ekb d/ vkJh;h (Dicey) s~e B/ oki Bz{ gqw[~y o{g Bkb fJ~e fBrw iK fBnkfJe ftnesh ;wfMnk j?. ns/
fJ; gqeko fJ; T[gkrw ft~u oki Bz{ gqw[~y o{g Bkb ekBz{B pDkUD ns/ T[; Bz{ bkr{ eoB tkbk ;zrmB fejk
frnk j?.
fJ; ;zdoG ft~u n;hA gqkozfGe :[r d/ ihB p'fvB, fjT{r' rq'fPn; ns/ Nkw; jKp; dhnK oUjBKtK dk
T[b/y eo ;ed/ jK, fiBQK B/ gqG{;~sk (servereginty) d/ f;XKs dk gqtosB ehsk ;h. jkp; dh gqDkbh ft~u
okig~y T[Zusw ekBz{Bh nfXekoh j? ns/ T[;dk nkd/P jh ekBz{B j?, fi; dk gkbD iK sK ;Ik s'A puD bJh
iK fGnkBe gqkfeqfse nt;Ek Bz{ d{o o~yD bJh ehsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. fJ; ;zpzX ft~u p?Ew, ikB nkofNB,
;/ftrBh, ;o j?Boh w/B ns/ J/H thH vkJh;h dhnK ouBKtK t~b th fBod/fPs ehsk ik ;edk j?. fJ; dk
Bshik fJj j'fJnk j? fe okiBhsh d/ nfXn?B Bz{ fGzB o{g Bkb ekBz{Bh gqfefonktK Bkb i'V fd~sk frnk
j? ns/ ;[szsosk ns/ ;wkBsk dh ;kwzi;g{oB ;fEsh Bz{ ftXhPk;B (rule of law) d/ PkBdko BK Bkb
ikfDnk iKdk j?.
okPNoh ns/ nzsookPNoh okiBhsh d/ nfXn?B s/ bkr{ ehsk frnk fJj ekBz{Bh T[gkrw fJ; ebgBk s/
;fEs j? fe ekBz{B ft~u fJj ftt;Ek ehsh iKdh j? fe fe;/ ftP/P nt;Ek ft~u eh ekotkJh ehsh
ikt/, ns/ fJj ftt;Ek th ehsh iKdh j? fe feBK gfo;fEshnK ft~u fJj ekotkJh ehsh iKdh j?, Bkb
jh fJ; ft~u T[; ekotkJh dhnK ;hwktK dk fBoXkoD th ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; ft~u fJ; s~E T[~s/ th pb
fd~sk iKdk j? fe fi~E/ Bkrfoe ekBz{BK dk gkbD eoB tkb/ j'D, T[ZE/ b'eK d/ okiBhfse fttjko Bkb ;zpzfXs
g{otkB[wkB eoB ft~u ekBz{B dk frnkB pj[s wj~stg{oB nkXko gqdkB eoBk j?. fJ; T[gkrw dk i/b/fBe
fijk fJ~e ftfPPN nfXn?Beosk ;kBz{ ;bkj fdzdk j? fe ;zrfms ;wko Bz{ wkso ;wkfie iK okiBhfse
gfoxNBk jh BjhA pbfe T[;Bz{ ;kotifBe ekBz{B, nfXekoK ns/ eos~tK dk ;w[~u ;wfMnk ikt/ fi; dh
BhAj ftP[~X soe ns/ ekoD T[Zs/ gk fd~sh rJh j?. fJ; dk wsbp fJj j? fe tkX/ ns/ ftek; d/ iht
d/ o{g ft~u ftXhso ns/ ;wkfie PeshnK d/ ftuko Bz{ ;wM/ fpBK, oki Bz{ BjhA ;wfMnk ik ;edk i' fJ;
ftuko dh g[PmG{wh ft~u fBfjs j?. ns/ fJ; ekoD Uj fJ; dhnK pj[s ;kohnK feqnktK ns/ nkg;h
gqshfeqnktK bJh fIzw/tko jB. pfjojkb, fJ~E/ fJ; r~b dk T[b/y eo d/Dk ukjhdk j? fe fJ; T[gkrw dk
gfog~y pj[s jh ;zehoD j?. ekBz{B d/ nXhB ;kotifBe ihtB dk fJ~e jh g~y j?, ns/ fJ;/ ekoD fJ;
d/ nzsor okiBhfse ezwK dk g{oB fttjko BjhA nk ;edk. fit/A nkdoPtkdhnK dh fJ; nkXko s/
nkb'UjBK ehsh ik ;edh j? fe oki fJ~e B/fse ;~sk s'A fJBQKtk e[M BjhA j?. fJ;/ soK ftPb/PDkswe
fBnKtkdhnK d[nkok th fjj rbsh ehsh iKdh j? fe Uj jo okiBhfse gqDkbh d/ jo g~y Bz{ fJ~e fBnkfJe

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 47