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s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN iBws fJzBk fInkdk ewI'o ns/ tzfvnk j'fJnk jz[dk j? fe iBsk gqkfXekotkdhnK d/ fBnwK d/ gqsh e'Jh
fto'X gqdofPs BjhA eo ;edh. fJ; tor ftu d~yD ftnsBkw, ;hohnk, powk, ns/ fJzv'B/Phnk
tor/ d/P oy/ ik ;ed/ Jb.

okiBhfse ;z;feqsh dk ;to{g ns/ T[g–;z;feqsh
okiBhfse ;z;feqsh dk ;to{g ns/ T[g–;z;feqsh
okiBhfse ;z;feqsh dk ;to{g ns/ T[g–;z;feqsh (The Nature of Political
okiBhfse ;z;feqsh dk ;to{g ns/ T[g–;z;feqsh
okiBhfse ;z;feqsh dk ;to{g ns/ T[g–;z;feqsh
Culture and Sub-Culture)
nkw s"o s/ fJj XkoDk gqufbs j? fe ;fEo ns/ ftef;s ;wkiK ftu okiBhfse ;z;feqsh ;wo{g j[zdh j?.
tk;st ftu fJj XkoDk GqKshg{oB j?. nfij/ d/PK ftu th ftfGzB r[N gkJ/ iKd/ jB. fiZE/ fJe r[N ns/
j'o r[NK ftu G/d ;gPN T[Go nkT[Ad/ jB, T[ZE/ okiBhfse T[g/–;z;feqsh dk w"i{d j'Dk wzfBnk ik ;edk
j?. T[g–;z;feqsh g[oBsk nbr nfGftqshnK, ftPtk;K ns/ w[~bK dk ;w{b BjhA j[zdh j? pbfe nfij/
fdqPNhe'DK dk ;w{j j[zdh j? fiBQK d/ e[M s~s d{ih T[g–;z;feqshnK ftu w"i{d ofjzd/ jB. fJ; soQK Gkos
ftu d~yD d/ oki ftP/Peo sfwbBkv{ ftu sfwb b'eK dh fJj wkBsk j? fe T[BQK dh nkgDh nbr ;z;feqsh
j?. fJ; ;z;fqsh Bz{ T[g–;z;feqsh fejk ik ;edk j? ns/ fJe jh okiBhfse ;z;feqsh ftu nfijh nB/e T[g–
;z;feqshnK j' ;edhnK jB. nwohek ftu Bhrq' b'e th nfijh jh nkgDh nbr ;z;feqsh wzBd/ jB. fe;/
d/P ftu nB/e T[g–;z;feqshnK dk j'Dk ftGkiBekoh gqftoshnK Bz{ g'qs;kfjs eo/ fJj io{oh BjhA j?.
tk;st ftu fInkdkso okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK ftPw o{g ftu jh ofjzdhnK jB. fbT[fPnB gkJh B/ mhe
fejk j? fe fe;h th ;wki ftu fJe' fijh okiBhfse ;z;feqsh BjhA gkJh iKdh j?.
nfijk j' ;edk j? fe fe;h okiBhfse ;wki ftu e'Jh T[g–;z;feqsh Bk j't/. nkX[fBe ftPt ftu
nB/e pj[s S'N/–S'N/ oki jB, fiBQK ftu T[g–;z;feqshnK dh gfo;fEshnK jh BjhA j[zdhnK jB. fco th
jo okiBhfse ftnt;Ek ftu, ukj/ T[j S'Nh j't/ iK tZvh Pk;eK dh ;z;feqsh ns/ iB;kXkoD dh ;z;feqsh
ftu fJe nkXkoG{s gkfJnk iKdk j?. fIBQK b'eK d/ j~E ftu ;~sk BjhA j[zdh j?. fJ; nkXko T[s/ d' gqeko
dh T[g–;z;feqshnK – (e) nfGiBK dh T[g–;z;feqsh (Elite sub-culture) ns/ (y) iB–;kXkoD dh T[g–
;z;feqsh (mass sub-culture) d/ Bkw s'A ikDhnK iKdhnK jB.
fInkdkso ftukeoD fJ; ftGkiB Bz{ fe;/ Bk fe;/ o{g ftu ;theko eod/ jB, gozs{ ;ko/ fJBQK d'tK
;z;feqshnK T[s/ ;wkB o{g Bkb pb BjhA fdzd/ jB. ftef;s okiK ftu nro T[j b'esKsfoe ftu nzsoK
d/ yZv/ fInkdk rfjo/ BjhA j[zd/ jB. gozs{ ftek;Phb okiK ftu fJBQK d'tK T[g–;z;feqshnK ftgohs fdPk
ftu iKdhnK d/yhnK ik ;edhnK jB. Gkos dk jh T[dkjoD bJhJ/ sK fJj ;gPN d/yD Bz{ fwb/rk fe T[ZE/
nfGiB tor dh ;z;feqsh nkw iBsk dh ;z;feqash s'A pj[s fGzBsk oyD br rJh ;h. ;zftXkB dk 1976
dk 42tK ;zP'XB fJBQK d'tK T[g–;z;feqshnK d/ ftu s/ih Bkb tXdh j'Jh doko Bz{ GoD dk isB fejk ik
;edk j?. ftek;Phb okiK ftu nB/e okiBhfse ;wf;nktK e/tb fJ; ekoB jh T[sgzB j' ojhnK jB fe
nfGiB nkgDh ;z;feqsh d/ nbrgB Bz{ pDkJ/ oyDk ukj[zd/ jB, noEks ;~sk Bkb fuge/ ofjDk ukjz[d/ jB.

J/bB pkb B/ okiBhfse ;z;feqsh d/ ;to{g Bz{ ;gPN eod/ j'J/ fbfynk j? fe “eh ;wki d/ w?Apo okiBhfse
gqfeqnk ftu ekoiPhb G{fwek fBGkT[Ad/ jB ns/ ;oekoh ;feqnsk s'A bkG gqkgs eoB dh nkPk oyd/ jB
ns/ eh e'Jh nfijk w{d s/ fBPfeqn ;zpzX j? fi; Bkb ftnesh ;oeko dh ;feqnsk d/ pko/ ftu pj[s
E'Vk ikDd/ jB ns/ fBoD/ekoh gqfeqnk ftu Gkr b?D dh nkPk BjhA oyd/, fJ;d/ nB[;ko okiBhfse
;z;feqshnK dk torheoD ehsk ik ;edk j?. nkwzv ns/ topk B/ okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK d/ nkgD/
s[bBkswe nfXn?B ftu fJBQK Bz{ ;fjGkrh okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK (Participating Political Culture)
ns/ nksw–;kg/y okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK (Subject Political Culutre) efj e/ gfoGkPs ehsk j?. t?;/
fJBQK B/ okiBhfse ;z;feqsh Bz{ – (e) y/soh (y) nksw–;kg/y ns/ (r) ;fjGkrh efj e/ fJBQK d/ fszB P[~X
gqekoK Bz{ th gfoGkPs ehsk j?. T[BQK ws j? fe fInkdkso ;wktK ftu fJj ftftX ;z;feqshnK fwfPqs o{g
ftu jh gkJhnK iKdhnK jB. fJBQK d/ nB[;ko fe;h okiBhfse ;wki ftu ftfPPN w[~bK ns/ nfGftqshnK
T[s/ fezBk pb fd~sk iKdk j? fJ;d/ nkXko T[s/ ;zg{oB ;K;feqse gqsho{g d/ pko/ ikfDnk ik ;edk j?.
ftek;Phb okiK ftu finkdkso gozgokrs ns/ nkX[fBe ;z;feqshnK dk fwPqD gkfJnk iKdk j?. fezs{
fJBQK d/PK dh okiBhfse ;z;feqshnK dk fJj bePD fJ;Bz{ fpqN/B dh okiBhfse ;z;feqsh d/ nB[o{g
BjhA pDk gkT[Adk. T[ZE/ ;z;feqsh ftu J/esk s/ skbw/b j? idfe ftek;Phb okiK ftu gozgokrs

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