Page 218 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN nkX[fBeheoD pj[s ifNb j? feT[Afe fJ; ftu ng/ePkfeqs Bt/A ;EkJh YKu/ dh io{os j[zdh j?, pbfe nfij/
YKu/ dh th i' nkg Bz{ fBozso pdbdh dPktK ns/ ;w~f;nktK d/ nB[e{b pDk bt/. fJ;dh ;cbsk ;wki
dh nKsfoe gfotosD dh ;woEsk T[s/ fBoGo eodh j?.
fJi/ANkv dh wkBsk j? fe nkX[fBeheoD d/ bJh fJe ;wki d/ fszB ;ozukBkswe byPD j'D/ ukjhd/ jBL
(1) (T[Zu g~Xoh) ;zouBkswe nzso, (2) (T[Zu e'Nh dh) ;wkfie rshPhbsk ns/ (3) ng/ePkfeqs e/Adoh
d/ gqsh gqshfeqnk ftnes eo ;edk j?. fJj jBL
n;thekokswe nB[feqnk (
n;thekokswe nB[feqnk (
1H n;thekokswe nB[feqnk ( )
n;thekokswe nB[feqnk (
n;thekokswe nB[feqnk (Rejective Response) )) )—fJe gozgokrs ;wki nkX[fBeheoD Bz{
n;theko eo ;edk j? fJj nB/e gqeko Bkb eJh g~XoK T[s j' ;edk j?. PeshPkbh ;w{j,
G{;kwzsPkjh, ;oekoh ;tbgszso (oligarchy), wid{o ;zx ns/ XowKX b'e nkgD/ fjs dh ofynk
bJh nkX[fBeheoD Bz{ js's;kfjs eo ;ed/ jB. ;wkfie g{otkrqfj (prejudices), gozgokrs
ihtB d/ e[M ;to{gK, ftPtk;K s/ gqEktK ftu fdqV nk;Ek ns/ ftP/P o{uh e[M b'eK Bz{
nkX[fBeheoD dh gqfeqnk Bz{ n;theko eoB ns/ gozgokrs ftnt;Ek Bz{ pDkJ/ oyD d/ bJh wip{o
eo ;ed/ jB.
ftebg:[es nB[feqank (
2H ftebg:[es nB[feqank (ftebg:[es nB[feqank (Disjunctive Response)) )) )—gqkuhB ns/ BthB d/ ftu ;zXh
ftebg:[es nB[feqank (
ftebg:[es nB[feqank (
(conjunction) nB[feqnk ns/ nkX[fBeheoD ns/ gozgokswesk d/ ftu ;fj^j'Ad (co-existence)
sd j[zdk j? id nkX[fBeheoD dh gqfeqnk gozgokrs ihtB Bz{ gqGkts ehs/ fpBk jh fB;gqfj
(detached) ftek; d/ o{g ftu ubdk ofjzdk j? fJ; gqeko nkX[fBeheoD ns/ gozgokswe
ftnt;Ek ftu e'Jh ;zxoP BjhA j[zdk feT[Afe gqkuhB ftnt;Ek Bz{ e'Jh ysok BjhA jz[dk.
nkX[fBeheoD d/ byPD gozgokswe ihtB d/ Bkb^Bkb ofjzd/ jB.
;woEe nB[feqnk (
;woEe nB[feqnk (
4H ;woEe nB[feqnk (;woEe nB[feqnk (Supportive Response)) )) )—fJ;d/ nzsors BthB s/ nkX[fBe rZbK
;woEe nB[feqnk (
;theko ehshnK iKdhnK jB feT[Afe T[BQK Bkb gozgokswe ftnt;Ek Bz{ pb fwbdk j?. T[dkjoD
bJh, g[fb; iK ;?Bk ftu nkX[fBeheoD dh gqfeqnk dh ekoi :'rsk ns ;?Bk dh Pesh ftu tkXk
eodh j?. eJh gozgokswe ;w{j ns/ ;z;EktK gozgokrs fjsK Bz{ ikoh oyD d/ bJh nkX[fBeheoD
d[nkok gqd~s nt;oK dk gq:keq eod/ jB ns/ gozgokrs ;fEsh Bz{ fdqVsk Bkb pDk e/ oyd/ jB.
nkX[fBeheoD gozgokrs fjsK Bz{ nr/ tXkJ/ oyD bJh ;z;kXB ns/ ;[ftXktK T[gbpX eok ;edk
j?.

ftxNBekoh nB[feqnk (
ftxNBekoh nB[feqnk (
ftxNBekoh nB[feqnk (
5H ftxNBekoh nB[feqnk (ftxNBekoh nB[feqnk (Disruptive Response)) )) )—fJ; nB[feqnk ftu gozgokswe ftnt;Ek
Bz{ eJh fpzd{nK T[s/ ;wk:'iB d[nkok y'ybk pDkfJnk iKdk j? i' fe nkX[fBeheoD d[nkok T[sgzB
;fEshnK d/ ekoD ehsk iKdk j?.
;kXkoD s"o s/ fJj gziK nB[feqnktK eJh ;z:'iBK (combinations) d[nkok gozgokrs ftnt;Esk d/ eJh
fpzd{nK T[s/ j[zdh ofjzdh j?. nB[feqnktK tohnsk (preferences), o{uhnK (Interests), ns/ ehwsK (values)
s'A gqGkts j[zdhnK ofjzdhnK jB.
wkJhBo thBo (Myron Weiner, 1966:8) nB[;ko nkX[fBeheoD Bz{ ;zGt pDkT[D tkb/ gqw[Zy ;kXB
(Instruments) fJ; gqeko jBL

1H f;fynk (f;fynk (Education)) )) )—f;fynk okPNohnsk dk Gkt ikrqs eodh j? ns/ seBheh BthBsktK d/
f;fynk (
f;fynk (
f;fynk (
bJh io{oh :'rsk ns/ nfGo{uhnK g?dk eodh j?. n?vtov fPbg B/ th nkX[fBeheoD dh gqfeqnk
ftu f;fynk dh G{fwek T[s/ pb fdsk j?. gozs{ noB'bv n?AvowB (Arnold Anderson) dh
wkBsk j? fe Ugukfoe (formal) f;fynk jh e/tb nfXnkgB e[Pbsk d/ bJh gfonkgs BjhA j?.
edh^edh ftPtftfdnkbk g~Xo dh f;fynk ftnoE j' ;edh j?, feT[Afe fJj fvrqhXkohnK dh
;zfynk ftu sK tkXk eo fdzdh j?, fezs{ nkX[fBe dePsk ns/ nfGo{uhnK Bkb g{oB b'eK dh ;zfynk
ftu tkXk BjhA eodh.
;zuko (;zg/qyD) (
;zuko (;zg/qyD) (
;zuko (;zg/qyD) (
2H ;zuko (;zg/qyD) (;zuko (;zg/qyD) (Communication)) )) )—iB;zuko d/ ;kXBK dk ftek; (N?bhc'B, NhHthH, o/vhU
ns/ fcbw nkfd) nkX[fBe ftukoK dh gq;kfos eoB dk fJe wj~stg{oD ;kXB j?. e/tb ysok

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