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bdkbZ 3 % miHkksDrk fl¼karμx.kukokpd mi;ksfxrk fo'ys"k.k





                                                                                                 uksV

             D;k vki tkurs gSa  oqQy mi;ksfxrk dHkh Hkh iw.kZ larqf"V ¯cnq rd ugha igq¡p ikrhA



          3-6 vk/kjHkwr ekU;rk,¡ (Basic Assumptions)

          bl fu;e dh rhu vkèkkjHkwr ekU;rk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
            1- oLrq dk miHkksx mfpr ek=kk esa fd;k tkrk gS tSls ,d di pk;] ;k ,d fxykl ikuh vkfnA
            2- oLrq dk miHkksx fujarj gksrk gSA
            3- izR;sd oLrq dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk nwljh oLrq ls Lora=k gSA


          3-7 O;k[;k (Explanation)

          bl fu;e dh O;k[;k rkfydk 2 rFkk fp=k 3-2 ls dh tk ldrh gSμ

                                     rkfydk 2- ?kVrh lhekar mi;ksfxrk

                        miHkksx dh xbZ vkbZlozQhe       lhekar mi;ksfxrk
                        (Ice Cream Consumed)          (Marginal Utility)

                           igyh (First)                        4
                           nwljh (Second)                      3
                           rhljh (Third)                       2
                           pkSFkh (Fourth)                     1
                           ik¡poha (Fifth)                     0
                           NBh (Sixth)                        μ1

          mijksDr rkfydk ls Li"V gksrk gS fd vkbZlozQhe osQ igys di ls 4 bdkbZ lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gSA
          nwljs di ls 3 bdkbZ lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gS] rhljs di ls vkSj de 2 bdkbZ vkSj pkSFks di ls osQoyA
          bdkbZ lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gSA bl voLFkk esa miHkksDrk dh vko';drk iw.kZr;k larq"V gks tkrh gSA
          blfy, vkbZlozQhe dk ik¡pok¡ di 'kwU; lhekar mi;ksfxrk iznku djrk gSA ;fn mls NBk di ysus ij e”kcwj
          fd;k tkrk gS rks 'kk;n mldh ikpu'kfDr fcxM+ tk,A vU; 'kCnksa esa] mls ½.kkRed (μ) mi;ksfxrk izkIr
          gksrh gS vFkkZr~ NBs di ls mls vlarqf"V feyrh gSA
          mijksDr rkfydk ls Li"V gksrk gS fd vkbZlozQhe dh bdkb;ksa dk tSls&tSls vfèkd ek=kk esa miHkksx fd;k tkrk
          gS izR;sd vxyh bdkbZ ls feyus okyh lhekar mi;ksfxrk de gksrh tkrh gSA
          fp=k 3-2 esa OX- v{k ij vkbZlozQhe dh bdkb;ksa (ek=kk) vkSj OY- v{k ij lhekar mi;ksfxrk dks fn[kk;k
          x;k gSA AB lhekar mi;ksfxrk oozQ gS] bldk <yku ck,¡ ls nk,¡ uhps dh vksj (½.kkRed) gSA bl oozQ ls
          ;g Kkr gS fd vkbZlozQhe osQ izFke di ls 4 bdkb;k¡] nwljs ls 3 bdkb;k¡] rhljs ls 2 bdkb;k¡ vkSj pkSFks
          ls 1 bdkbZ lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr dj jgh gSA vkbZlozQhe osQ ik¡posa di ls feyus okyh lhekar mi;ksfxrk
          'kwU; gSA blfy, AB oozQ OX- v{k dks ‘C’ fcanq ij Nw jgh gS tks vkbZlozQhe osQ ik¡posa di dks n'kkZ jgk
          gSA vkbZlozQhe osQ NBs di ls ½.kkRed (μ1) lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gS vkSj blfy, AB oozQ OX-
          v{k ls uhps pyk tkrk gSA




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