Page 43 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 3 % miHkksDrk fl¼karμx.kukokpd mi;ksfxrk fo'ys"k.k

blls fl¼ gksrk gS fd oaQtwl O;fDr osQ fy, Hkh] ftlosQ ikl lksuk&pk¡nh vfèkd gksrk gS] lksus&pk¡nh uksV
dh mi;ksfxrk de gks tkrh gS rFkk Hkkstu vkfn dh mi;ksfxrk] tks mlosQ ikl de gS] c<+ tkrh gSA
3- vPNh iqLrd ;k dfork (Good Book or Poem)μ;g dgk tkrk gS fd vPNh iqLrosaQ] eèkqj
laxhr ;k lqanj dfork dks ckj&ckj i<+us ;k lquus ls igys ls vfèkd mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gSA blfy,
bUgsa ;g fu;e dk viokn ekuk x;k gSA ijarq ;g viokn Hkh lgh ugha gSA ;g rks laHko gS fd fdlh
lhek rd ,d iqLrd ;k xhr dks ckj&ckj i<+us ;k lquus ls mldh mi;ksfxrk c<+ ldrh gS] ijarq ,d
gh le; esa ckj&ckj ,d gh iqLrd dks i<+us ;k lquus ij eu Hkj tkrk gSA blosQ iQyLo:i budh
lhekar mi;ksfxrk de gksus yxrh gSA

4- 'kjkch O;fDr (Drunkards)μ;g dgk tkrk gS fd tc dksbZ 'kjkch O;fDr u'kk djus osQ fy,
'kjkc ihrk gS rks tSls&tSls og vfèkd 'kjkc ihrk tkrk gS 'kjkc dh vkSj vfèkd ek¡x djrk gSA bl
izdkj 'kjkch O;fDr bl fu;e dk viokn ekuk tkrk gSA ijarq ,d 'kjkch osQ fy, Hkh ,d ,slh voLFkk
vkrh gS tc og viuk gks'k [kks cSBrk gS rFkk mls vR;fèkd 'kjkc osQ gkfudkjd izHkko dks Lohdkj
djuk iM+rk gSA bl izdkj varr% ;g fu;e ml ij Hkh ykxw gksrk gSA
5- izkjafHkd bdkb;k¡ (Initial Units)μtc fdlh oLrq dh izkjafHkd bdkb;ksa dks mi;qDr ek=kk ls de
ek=kk esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rks vfrfjDr bdkb;ksa ls izkIr gksus okyh lhekar mi;ksfxrk c<+us yxrh
gSA tSls csUge (Benham) osQ vuqlkj ;fn ge ,d v¡xhBh esa ,d&,d dks;yk tyk,¡xs rks dks;ys
dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk c<+rh tk,xhA blfy, bu izkjafHkd bdkb;ksa dks bl fu;e dk viokn ekuk tkrk
gSA ijarq ;g lgh ugha gSA ge tSls gh mudh i;kZIr ek=kk dk iz;ksx djus yxsaxs] budh vfrfjDr
bdkb;ksa dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk de gks tk,xhA
la{ksi esa] VkWftx us Bhd dgk gS fd lhekar mi;ksfxrk ßkl fu;e dh izo`fÙk bruh O;kid gS fd bl
fu;e dks loZO;kih dguk xyr ugha gksxkA

3-8 lhekar mi;ksfxrk ßkl fu;e }kjk miHkksDrk ek¡x oØ dks Kkr djuk
(Derivation of Consumer’s Demand Curve through the Law of
Diminishing Marginal Utility)

fdlh oLrq osQ fy, miHkksDrk tks dher nsrk gS og mldh lhekar mi;ksfxrk osQ cjkcj gksrh gSA lhekar
mi;ksfxrk ßkl fu;e osQ vuqlkj ,d miHkksDrk fdlh oLrq dh ftruh vfèkd bdkb;k¡ [kjhnrk tkrk gS ml
oLrq dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk de gksrh tkrh gSA blfy, miHkksDrk ml oLrq dh vfèkd bdkb;k¡ rc gh [kjhnsxk
tc mldh dher de gks tk,xhA tc lhekar mi;ksfxrk dks eqnzk osQ :i esa O;Dr fd;k tkrk gS] rks
,slh voLFkk esa lhekar mi;ksfxrk oozQ dk èkukRed Hkkx gh ek¡x oozQ gks tk,xkA fyIlh osQ 'kCnksa esa]
^^tc fdlh ,d oLrq osQ vfrfjDr vU; lHkh oLrqvksa osQ miHkksx dks fLFkj j[kk tkrk gS] rc
ifjorZu'khy oLrq dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk vuqlwph oLrq dh ek¡x oozQ gksrh gSA** (When the
consumption of all but one product is held constant, the marginal utility schedule
for the variable product is the product’s demand curve. —Lipsey)
tc lhekar mi;ksfxrk dks OY-v{k ij izdV fd;k tkrk gS rc tks oozQ izkIr gksxk og lhekar mi;ksfxrk oozQ
gksxkA blosQ foijhr ;fn OY-v{k ij dher dks n'kkZ;k tkrk gS tc tks oozQ izkIr gksxk og ek¡x oozQ gksxk]
bldks fp=k 3-3(A) rFkk 3-3(B) esa n'kkZ;k x;k gSA

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