Page 48 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV lgk;rk ls Kkr gks ldrh gSμ
MU a = 6 = 12 ;wfVy izfr #i;k
P a 0.5
(;gk¡ MU = lsc dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk rFkk P = lsc dh izfr bdkbZ dherA)
a a
blh izdkj] ;fn osQys dh dher 25 iSls izfr osQyk gS rks miHkksDrk 12 osQys [kjhnrk gSA 12osa osQys ls mls
3 ;wfVy lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gSA vr% 12osa osQys ls izfr #i;k lhekar mi;ksfxrk fuEufyf[kr lw=k
ls Kkr gksxhμ
MU b = 3 = 12 ;wfVy izfr #i;k
P b 0.25

(;gk¡ MU = osQyksa dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk vkSj P = dher izfr osQyk)
b b
mijksDr mnkgj.k esa miHkksDrk dks nksuksa oLrqvksa ls izfr #i;k leku lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gks jgh gSA blfy,
mls ,d ij de rFkk nwljs ij vfèkd èku [kpZ djus ls dksbZ ykHk ugha gksxkA og bl O;; esa dksbZ Hkh
ifjorZu djuk ilan ugha djsxkA blfy, ;g dgk tkrk gS fd miHkksDrk fuEu voLFkk esa larqyu dh fLFkfr
esa gksrk gSμ

MU a = MU b or MU a = P a
P a P b MU b P b
la{ksi esa] miHkksDrk fofHkUu oLrqvksa dh bruh ek=kk [kjhnsxk fd muls feyus okyh lhekar mi;ksfxrk rFkk
mudh dher dk vuqikr cjkcj gksA vk; dks bl izdkj O;; djus ls miHkksDrk dks vfèkdre larqf"V izkIr
gksxhA ;fn miHkksDrk ‘n’ oLrq,¡ [kjhn jgk gS rc fuEu lw=k osQ vuqlkj og vius O;; ls vfèkdre larqf"V
izkIr djsxkμ
MU a = MU b = MU c ...... MU n
P a P b P c P n

3-11 fu;e dk egÙo (Importance of the Law)

le&lhekar mi;ksfxrk fu;e dk vFkZ'kkL=k esa cgqr vfèkd egÙo gSA jkWfcal us bls vFkZ'kkL=k dk vkèkkj dgk
gSA ek'kZy osQ vuqlkj] ^^;g fu;e vFkZ'kkL=k osQ yxHkx lHkh {ks=kksa esa ykxw gksrk gSA** (The
application of the principle of equi-marginal utility extends over almost every field
of economic enquiry. —Marshall)
mnkgj.k osQ fy,μ
1- miHkksx (Consumption)μizR;sd miHkksDrk vius lhfer lkèkuksa ls vfèkdre larqf"V izkIr djuk
pkgrk gSA ;fn miHkksDrk bl fu;e osQ vuqlkj viuh vk; dks fofHkUu oLrqvksa ij bl <ax ls O;;
djs fd mu ij [kpZ fd, tkus okys #i;s dh vafre bdkbZ ls leku lhekar mi;ksfxrk izkIr gks rks
miHkksDrk viuh vk; ls vfèkdre larqf"V izkIr djsxkA

2- mRiknu (Production)μizR;sd mRiknd dk mís'; vfèkdre ykHk izkIr djuk gksrk gSA bl mís';
dks izkIr djus osQ fy, mls mRiknu osQ fofHkUu lkèkuksa] tSls Hkwfe] Je] iw¡th vkfn dk iz;ksx bl izdkj
djuk pkfg, fd fofHkUu lkèkuksa dh lhekar mRikndrk (Marginal Productivity) cjkcj gks
tk,A mRiknd dks mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa dk rc rd izfrLFkkiu djrs jguk pkfg, tc rd fd lHkh
lkèkuksa ls feyus okyh lhekar mRikndrk cjkcj u gks tk,A bl rjg lhfefr lkèkuksa osQ lek;kstu djus
ls gh mRiknd dks vfèkdre ykHk izkIr gks ldrs gSaA

42 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY