Page 52 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV 3-13 miHkksDrk dh cpr % ,d lfp=k fooj.k
(Consumer’s Surplus : An Illustrative Description)

ge tkurs gSa fd ,d miHkksDrk fdlh oLrq osQ fy, dher] mldh lhekar mi;ksfxrk osQ cjkcj nsuk ilan
djrk gS (vFkkZr~ og mruh eqnzk nsuk ilan djrk gS tks oLrq dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk osQ cjkcj gks)A ge ;g
Hkh tkurs gSa fd fdlh oLrq dh ftruh vfèkd ek=kk ge [kjhnrs gSa mldh lhekar mi;ksfxrk esa ?kVus dh izo`fÙk
ikbZ tkrh gSA blh dkj.k ls fdlh oLrq dh ek¡x oozQ dk <yku ck,¡ ls nk,¡ uhps dh vksj gksrk gSA lp ;g
gS fd lhekar mi;ksfxrk oozQ (tks oLrq dh ek=kk vkSj mldh lhekar mi;ksfxrk osQ chp foijhr lacaèk dks
izdV djrh gSA) ek¡x oozQ dk gh nwljk :i gS tks oLrq dh dher vkSj mldh ek=kk osQ chp foijhr lacaèk
dks n'kkZrh gSA D;ksafd dher dks oLrq dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk osQ cjkcj fd;k tkrk gS] blfy, oLrq dh izR;sd
vxyh bdkbZ [kjhnus osQ fy, miHkksDrk de dher nsus osQ fy, rS;kj gksrk gS] og gj ckj oLrq dh ?kVrh
lhekar mi;ksfxrk osQ lkFk dher dks cjkcj djrk gSA ijarq cktkj esa oLrq dh izR;sd bdkbZ vyx&vyx
dher ij [kjhnh ugha tkrhA [kjhnh xbZ okLro esa lHkh bdkb;ksa osQ fy, ,d gh dher nh tkrh gSA bldk
vFkZ ;g gqvk fd oLrq dh oqQN bdkb;ksa osQ fy,] tks og okLro esa nsrk gS] mlls vfèkd nsus osQ fy, og
rS;kj gksrk gSA og jkf'k tks og nsus dks rS;kj gksrk gS rFkk okLro esa og nsrk gS] mlosQ varj dks miHkksDrk
dh cpr dgrs gSaA (The sum total of the difference between what he actually intends to
pay and what he actually pays, is what is called consumer’s surplus.)

mnkgj.k (Illustration)

fuEufyf[kr miHkksDrk dh cpr dh fLFkfr dks O;Dr djrh gSμ

rkfydk 4

X dh bdkbZ MU x P ;k miHkksDrk nsus dks okLrfod dher miHkksDrk dh cpr
X
rS;kj (#-) (,sfPNd dher&
okLrfod dher)
1st 100 10 4 10 – 4 = 6

2nd 80 8 4 8 – 4 = 4
3rd 60 6 4 6 – 4 = 2
4th 40 4 4 4 – 4 = 0

miHkksDrk dh cpr 6 + 4 + 2 = 12 #i;s
(uksVμ;g rkfydk bl ekU;rk ij cukbZ xbZ gS fd eqnzk dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk = 10 bdkb;k¡ vkSj ;g fLFkj gS)
fp=k 3-6 miHkksDrk dh cpr dh fLFkfr dks O;Dr djrk gSμ
bl fp=k ls ;g izdV gksrk gS fd miHkksDrk oLrq dh izR;sd vfrfjDr@vkus okyh bdkbZ osQ fy, L, L ......
1
L dher nsus osQ fy, rS;kj gS] vFkkZr~ vius foosd osQ vuq:i izR;sd bdkbZ osQ fy, og mruh jkf'k gh nsuk
6
pkgsxk ftl ij oLrq dh izR;sd bdkbZ dh lhekar mi;ksfxrk mldh dher osQ cjkcj gksA ?kVrh gqbZ lhekar
mi;ksfxrk osQ lkFk ,sfPNd dher (Intended Price) esa Hkh fxjus dh izo`fÙk ikbZ tkrh gSA ;fn oLrq dh
oqQy [kjhn OS gS] rc miHkksDrk tks oqQy ,sfPNd dher nsus dks rS;kj gS og OSL L {ks=k osQ cjkcj gS
6
(;g OSL L {ks=k izR;sd bdkbZ dh ml lc dher dk tksM+ gS tks miHkksDrk nsus dks rS;kj gS ;k nsus dh
6
bPNk j[krk gS)A oqQy okLrfod dher tks miHkksDrk nsrk gS ;k mls nsuh gS = OS × OP = OSL P
6

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