Page 26 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

smStI ArQSwsqr dy isDWq

È؇ qwilkw 2. mMu`lvirDI dI Dwrxw ƒ spSt krdI hY[

mu`l virDI dirStIkox
(Value Added Approach)

m`DvrqI vsquAw dI
Aqpwdn dy cwrx aqpwdn dw mu`l mul virDI
lwgq
(Stages of Production) (Value of Output) (Cost of Intermedi- (Value Added)
rupy rupy rupy
ate Goods) rupy
1. kx`k 400 - 400
2. mYdw 600 400 200
3. fblrotI 800 600 200
4. fblrotI dI ivkwa 900 800 100
kul 2,700 1,800 900

aoqy idqI qwilkw iv`c ieh mwx ilqw igAw hY ik kx`k dw aqpwdn krdy smyN m`DvrqI vsquAW dI koeI lwgq
nhI hY[ iesleI ikswn rwhI mu`l virDI asdy aqpwd dy mu`l Bwv 400 ru. dy brwbr hY[ Awtw iml vwlw
kx`k ƒ 400 ru. iv`c KrIddW hY Aqy mYdw bxwkr 600 ru. iv`c ivkrI iddW hY[ Awtw iml vwly ny 600 ru. –
400 ru. = 200 ru. dI mu`l virDI ikqI[ bykrI vwly ny 600 ru. iv`c mYdw KrIdw Aqy iesdI fblrotI bxwkr
dukwxdwr ƒ 800 ru. iv`c ivkrI idqI[bykrI vwly ny 800 ru. – 600 ru. = 200 ru. dI mu`l virDI ikqI Aqy
fblrotI 800 ru. iv`c dukwxdwr ƒ ivkrI idqI[ dukwxdwn ny fblrotI ƒ AMgy apBogqwvW ƒ 900 ru. iv`c
ivkrI idqI[ies qrw dukwxdwr rwhI mu`l virDI 900 ru. – 800 ru. = 100 ru. dI hoeI[ iesleI kul mu`l
virDI 400 ru. + 200 ru. + 200 ru. + 100 ru. = 900 ru. hoeI[ jykr iesdy iv`c aqpwdn dy hr crwx iv`c
aqpwdn dy mu`l ƒ joiVAw jwvy qdy ieh 400 ru. + 600 ru. + 800 ru. + 900 ru. = 2,700 ru. hovygI[ kx`k
Aqy mYdw dy mu`l dohrI igxqI ho jwvygI[ ies dohrI igxqI qo bcx dy leI mu`l virDI ƒ ApnwieAw jwdw hY[

ArQ-ivvsQw iv` swirAw aqpwdn iekwieAw rwhI mu`l virDI dw jov lw kr GDP dI gnxw ikqI
MP
jo skdI hY, AMq:
(GDP is estimated by adding up Value Addition by all the producing units in the economy.
MP
Thus) GDP = Σ GVA
MP MP
Awmqor qy ArQ-ivvsQw dy pRwQimk, divqIAw Aqy qirqIAw KyqrW rwhI ikqI geI mu`l virDI dw AI Alg-
Alg Anumwn lYdy hn[ ieho ijhw ies krky ik ArQ-ivvsQw dy pury sNdrB iv`c ien KyqrW dw swpyiSq
mrq`v pRwpq ikqw jw sky[
GDP dI gnxw kr Lyx qo bwhd AsI hyT ilKy smwXojn rwhI NNP (rwStrI Awmdn) ƒ pRwpq krdy
MP FC
hn - GDP
MP
– Net Indirect Taxes
= GDP
FC
– Depreciation
= NDP
FC
+ Net Factor Income from Abroad
= NNP Aqy National Income
FC

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