Page 19 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% yksd foÙk dk vFkZ ,oa {ks=k

vFkZ ;g gS fd izkphu vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us ijks{k djksa osQ i{k dk leFkZu fd;kA ctV dk ?kkVk ;fn uksV Nkidj uksV
;k vYidkyhu ljdkjh Í.k ysdj iwjk fd;k tk, tks mlls eqnzkLiQhfr (inflation) gh c<+rh gSA bldk dkj.k
;g gS fd vYikof/ esa C;kt dh nj bruh ugha c<+rh fd mlls futh fuos'k esa fxjkoV vk losQ vkSj ;g fLFkfr
ljdkj osQ [kpZ dh o`f¼ dks vLr&O;Lr dj nsrh gSA ;fn ctV osQ ?kkVs dh iw£r nh?kZdkyhu ljdkjh ckW.M tkjh
djosQ dh tkrh gS rks ,sls ckW.M osQoy futh O;olk; osQ ckW.M ;k 'ks;jksa osQ LFkkukiUu (substitute) gh ekus
tk,¡xs vkSj muls eqnzkLiQhfr mRiUu ugha gksxhA ctV dk ?kkVk vkerkSj ij izxfr dh nj dks fxjk nsrk gS c'krsZ
fd ljdkj iw¡thxr lktlTtk osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy, iw.kZr;k m/kj fy, x;s /u dk gh mi;ksx u djsA Åij fd;s
x;s fo'ys"k.k ls fuEu fu"d"kZ fudkys tk ldrs gSaµ
(1) ljdkj ns'k osQ vUnj vk£Fkd fØ;kvksa osQ Lrj es o`f¼ ugha dj ldrh gSA
(2) ctV lUrqfyr gksuk pkfg,A
(3) NksVk ctV gh loksZÙke ctV gSA

(4) lekt osQ fy, os dj gkfudkjd gksrs gSa] tks cprksa ij iM+sa] tSls vk;&dj] e`R;q&dj vkfnA miHkksx
ij iM+us okys dj de gkfudkjd gksrs gSaA

(5) ;fn ctV osQ ?kkVs ls cpuk lEHko u gks] rks mfpr ;g gksxk fd nh?kZdkyhu ckW.M tkjh fd;s tk,¡A
(6) m/kj osQoy mRikndh; fuos'k (productive investment ) osQ fy, gh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
2- vk/qfud fl¼kUr (Modern Theory)µdhUl dk ^jkstxkj fl¼kUr* bl lkekU; /kj.kk ij fVdk gS fd
,d O;fDr }kjk fd;k tkus okyk O;; nwljs O;fDr dh vk; gSA ;fn fdlh O;fDr }kjk viuh iwjh vk; [kpZ
dj nh tkrh gS oks mlosQ iQyLo:i nwljs O;fDr dh mruh vk; c<+ tkrh gSA ;fn izR;sd vU; O;fDr Hkh viuh
iwjh vk; [kpZ dj nsrk gS rks blls vk; rFkk O;; dh ifjf/ fLFkj gh jgsxhA fdUrq ;fn dksbZ O;fDr viuh izkIr
vk; dk oqQN Hkkx [kpZ ugha djrk vkSj [kpZ esa dh xbZ ;g deh fuos'k&O;; }kjk iwjh ugha dh tkrh gS] rks
bldk izHkko ;g gksxk fd ,d O;fDr dk ?kVk gqvk [kpZ vU; O;fDr;ksa dh vk; esa deh dj nsxkA vk; de
feyus ls yksx Hkh de [kpZ djsaxs vkSj mlosQ iQyLo:i vU; yksxksa dh vk; Hkh ?kV tk,xhA blls ;k rks jkstxkj
miyC/ gksxk ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i jk"Vªh; vk; esa fxjkoV vk tk,xhA
rFkkfi] dhUl us ,d roZQ dks Lohdkj ugha fd;kµ
(d) fd miHkksx dk LFkxu iw¡th osQ lap; dks c<+kuk gS] blosQ foijhr cpr osQ iz;kl ls csjkstxkjh c<+rh
gS vkSj jk"Vªh; vk; ?kVrh gSA
([k) fd jkstxkj etnwfj;ksa osQ fuEu Lrj ij iznku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A blosQ foijhr] mudk er Fkk fd
etnwfj;ksa esa dVkSrh djus ls oLrqvksa dh ek¡x ?kVsxh vkSj mlls etnwjksa dh N¡Vuh dh ukScr vk
tk,xhA
(x) fdlh ,slh vk£Fkd i¼fr dh LFkkiuk dh izo`fÙk ikbZ tkrh gS tks fd futh lEifÙk ij vk/kfjr gksrh
gS rFkk tks iw.kZ jkstxkj osQ Lrj ij vius dks lek;ksftr (adjust) dj ysrh gSA
vc ge bl ckr dk fo'ys"k.k djsaxs fd vFkZ'kkL=k osQ lkekU; fl¼kUr esa gksus okys bl xEHkhj ifjorZu us yksd
foÙk osQ fl¼kUrksa dks fdl izdkj izHkkfor fd;k gSµ

Li"V gS fd dhUl us Lopkfyr iw.kZ jkstxkj dh izkphu ekU;rk dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k rFkk crk;k fd lUrqfyr
ctV lHkh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa okaNuh; ugha gksrk gS cfYd orZeku le; esa oqQN y{;ksa dh iw£r osQ fy, ctV dks
,d 'kfDr'kkyh vL=k ekuk tkrk gS tSls fdµ(i) iw.kZ jkstxkj dh izkfIr] (ii) fuos'k dk Å¡pk Lrj]
(iii) eqnzkLiQhfr dk fojks/ vFkkZr~ eqnzk&LiQhfr (inflation) rFkk eqnzk&voLiQhfr (deflation) nksuksa dk gh
vHkko] vkSj (iv) Js"Brj forj.kA fdUrq O;ogkj esa] ;g dfBu gks ldrk gS fd lHkh y{;ksas dks ,d lkFk rqjUr
izkIr dj fy;k tk,A

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 13
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY