Page 15 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% yksd foÙk dk vFkZ ,oa {ks=k

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment) uksV

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dh igpku djsa
(State whether the following statements are True or False) :
6. yksd foÙk dh dk;Zokfg;k¡ fuos'k rFkk miHkksx ij Bksl izHkko Mkyrh gSA
7. ljdkjh O;; vFkZO;oLFkk esa vfLFkjrk ykus okyh jktdks"kh; uhfr dk eq[; vk/kj gksrk gSA
8. jktdks"kh; uhfr ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij izHkko Mky ldrh gSA
9. yksd foÙk ,d ,slk foKku gS] ftldk ljdkj dh vk; rFkk O;; ls dksbZ laca/ ugha gSA

10. yksd foÙk dk {ks=k rFkk bldh fo"k;&lkexzh fLFkj ugha gSA

1-5 yksd rFkk futh foÙk (Public and Private Finance)

yksd foÙk rFkk futh foÙk dh rqyuk djus ls fofnr gksrk gS fd bu nksuksa osQ chp tgk¡ dbZ lekurk;sa ikbZ tkrh
gSa ogk¡ vusd fofHkUurk,¡ Hkh n`f"Vxkspj gksrh gSa] tSlk fd fuEu fooj.k ls Li"V gSµ
1-5-1 lekurk,¡ (Similarities)

yksd foÙk rFkk futh&foÙk osQ chp ikbZ tkus okyh lekurk,¡ fuEu izdkj gSaµ

(1) vf/dre lUrqf"V (Maximum Satisfaction)µO;fDr rFkk jkT; nksuksa dk mís';] eksVs rkSj ij
,d&lk gh gksrk gS vkSj og gS ekuoh; vko';drkvksa dh rqf"V (Satisfaction of human wants)A futh
foÙk dk lEcU/ tgk¡ O;fDrxr vko';drkvksa dh rqf"V ls gksrk gS] ogk¡ yksd foÙk dk lEcU/ lkekftd ;k
lkewfgd vko';drkvksa dh rqf"V ls gksrk gSA

(2) lUrqfyr ctV (Balanced Budget)µO;fDr rFkk jkT; nksuksa gh /u izkIr djrs gSa vkSj [kpZ Hkh djrs
gSa rFkk izR;sd dk iz;kl ;g gksrk gS fd vk; rFkk O;; dks lUrqfyr fd;k tk,A nksuksa gh bl ckr dk ;Fkk'kfDr
iz;Ru djrs gSa fd [kpZ }kjk vf/dre lUrqf"V izkIr dh tk,A
(3) Í.k (Borrowing)µyksd foÙk rFkk futh foÙk] nksuksa dh gh fLFkfr esa tc pkyw vk; pkyw O;; osQ
eqdkcys de iM+ tkrh gS] rks m/kj ysuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA ;gh ugha O;fDr dh rjg jkT; dks Hkh ?kkVs osQ
le; fy, x;s Í.k dh okilh vnk;xh djuh iM+rh gSA
(4) vk£Fkd fodYi (Economic Choice)µyksd foÙk rFkk futh foÙk nksuksa gh pw¡fd U;wure lkèkuksa ls
vf/dre lUrqf"V rFkk y{; izkIr djuk pkgrs gSa] vr% nksuksa dks lnk vk; rFkk O;; osQ lek;kstu dh leL;k
rFkk vk£Fkd fodYi (Economic Choice) osQ pquko dh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA
1-5-2 vlekurk,¡ (Dis-similarities)

yksd foÙk rFkk futh foÙk osQ chp dbZ ekeyksa esa ekSfyd vUrj ik;k tkrk gS tSls fd mís';] foÙk izkfIr osQ
rjhosQ rFkk lk/uksa dh ek=kk vkfn osQ ekeyksa easA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] tgk¡ yksd foÙk tu&dY;k.k esa fo'okl djrk
gS ogk¡ futh foÙk dk ,dek=k y{; ykHk izkIr djuk gksrk gS] igyk (Former) tgk¡ ?kkVs dh iw£r u;s dj
yxkdj ;k vU; izdkj ls dj ldrk gS] ogk¡ nwljk (Later) ,slk ugha dj ldrkA blh izdkj yksd foÙk osQ
lk/u cM+s rFkk fo'kky gksrs gSa tcfd futh foÙk osQ lk/u lhfer gksrs gSaA vc ge bl fo"k; dh foLrkj ls
foospuk djsaxsA
(1) O;; dk fu/kZj.k (Determination of Expenditure)µyksd&lÙkk (Public authority) loZizFke
vius ml [kpZ dh ek=kk dk fu/kZj.k djrh gS tksfd mls vius oqQN nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, fofHkUu enksa
ij O;; djuk gksrk gS vkSj mlosQ i'pkr~ og ml [kpZ dh iw£r osQ fy, lk/uksa dh [kkst djrh gSA fdUrq ,d

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