Page 13 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% yksd foÙk dk vFkZ ,oa {ks=k

1-4 yksd foÙk dh fo"k;&lkexzh (Subject-matter of Public Finance) uksV

yksd foÙk ,d ,slk foKku gS] ftldk lEcU/ ljdkj dh vk; rFkk O;; ls gS fdUrq orZeku le; esa bldk
{ks=k ,oa egÙo vkSj foLr`r gks x;k gSA vk/qfud vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us bldks fuEufyf[kr foHkkxksa esa ck¡Vk gS lkoZtfud
vk;] lkoZtfud O;;] lkoZtfud Í.k vkSj lEiw.kZ :i esa jktdks"kh; O;oLFkk dh leL;k,¡] tSls fd foÙkh;
iz'kkluA bu foHkkxksa dk laf{kIr fooj.k fuEu izdkj gSµ
(1) lkoZtfud vk; ;k yksd jktLo (Public Revenue)µbu foHkkx esa ljdkjh vk; dh izkfIr ,oa mlesa
o`f¼ osQ mik;ksa] djk/ku osQ fl¼kUrksa rFkk muls lEcfU/r vU; leL;kvksa dk foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k fd;k
tkrk gSA
bl foHkkx osQ vUrxZr fuEu dk;Z fd;s tkrs gSaµ
(a) lkoZtfud vk; osQ dkSu&dkSu ls lk/u gSa vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud vk; dk oxhZdj.kA
(b) dj tks fd lkoZtfud vk; dk ,d izeq[k lk/u gS] dj fdrus izdkj osQ gksrs gSa vFkkZr~ dj dk
oxhZdj.kA
(c) dj yxkus esa fdu&fdu ckrksa ij è;ku nsuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ djkjksi.k osQ fl¼kUrA
(d) turk dh dj nsus dh 'kfDr ls D;k rkRi;Z gS vkSj ;g fdu&fdu ckrksa ij fuHkZj djrh gS vFkkZr~
dj ns; {kerk rFkk mlosQ fu/kZjd rRoA
(e) lkoZtfud vk; dk ns'k osQ mRiknu rFkk vk£Fkd forj.k ij D;k izHkko iM+rk gS vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud
vk; osQ izHkkoA
(f) fdu&fdu dkj.kksa ls ,d dj dk Hkkj fdlh vU; O;fDr ij Vkyus esa] liQy gksrk gS\ vFkkZr~ dj
osQ foorZu osQ rRoA
(2) lkoZtfud O;; (Public Expenditure)µyksd foÙk dk ;g foHkkx ljdkjh O;; osQ fl¼kUrksa rFkk
ns'k osQ vk£Fkd thou ij vFkkZr~ mRiknu] forj.k rFkk fofHkUu oxks± ij iM+us okys mlosQ izHkkoksa dk vè;;u
djrk gSA
bl foHkkx osQ vUrxZr fuEufyf[kr leL;kvksa dk vè;;u ,oa fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkrk gSSµ
(a) lkoZtfud O;; dk oxhZdj.kA

(b) fdu&fdu enksa ij ljdkjh O;; gksuk pkfg, vkSj fdu&fdu ij ugha\ vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud O;; dk
{ks=kA

(c) lkoZtfud O;; djrs le; fdu&fdu ckrksa ij è;ku nsuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud O;; osQ fl¼kUrA
(d) lkoZtfud O;; dk ns'k osQ mRiknu rFkk vk£Fkd forj.k ij D;k izHkko iM+rk gS\ vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud
O;; osQ izHkkoA
(3) lkoZtfud Í.k (Public Debt)µbl foHkkx osQ vUrxZr ;g vè;;u fd;k tkrk gS fd ljdkjh Í.k
D;ksa fy, tkrs gSa] oSQls fy, tkrs gSa] mudk Hkqxrku fdl izdkj fd;k tkrk gS rFkk mudk lekt ij D;k izHkko
iM+rk gSA

lkoZtfud Í.k osQ vUrxZr fuEu ckrksa dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSµ
(a) fdu&fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ljdkj osQ fy, Í.k ysuk ok¡Nuh; gksxk vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud Í.k dk {ks=kA
(b) lkoZtfud Í.k fdrus izdkj osQ gksrs gSa vFkkZr~ lkoZtfud Í.k dk oxhZdj.kA
(c) fdu n'kkvksa esa Í.k ysuk vf/d mi;qDr gksxk vkSj fdu n'kkvksa esa dj yxkuk vFkkZr~ Í.k vkSj dj
dk rqyukRed vè;;uA
(d) fdu n'kkvksa esa ns'k osQ Hkhrj ls Í.k ysuk vf/d mi;qDr gksxk vkSj fdu esa fons'kksa ls vFkkZr~
vkUrfjd rFkk cká Í.k dh rqyukA

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