Page 147 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—10% Hkkjrh; vk£Fkd uhfr;ksa dh leh{kk% lqèkkj osQ igys vkSj lqèkkj osQ ckn

l{ke cuus dh dksbZ laHkkouk ugha] mUgsa iqu#RFkku@iqu%LFkkiuk osQ fy, vkS|ksfxd ,oa foÙkh;&iqu%fuekZ.k cksMZ uksV
(Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction) dks lkSai fn;k tk;sxkA (3) lkoZtfud {ks=k osQ m|eksa
osQ fu"iknu esa mUufr osQ fy, cksèk Kkiu (Memorandum of Understanding) osQ ekè;e }kjk ykHknk;drk
vkSj izR;k;&nj (Rate of Return) ij ewy cy nsrs gq, bUgsa etcwr fd;k tk;sxkA (4) ljdkj dh 20 izfr'kr
rd fgLlk iwath (Equity) ikjLifjd fufèk;ksa (Mutual Funds) }kjk pqus gq, futh m|eksa esa fofu;ksftr dh tk;sxhA
fudklh uhfr;ksa (Exit policies) osQ nq"izHkkoksa ls Jfedksa dks vfèkdre laHko lhek rd lqjf{kr djus dk iz;kl
fd;k tk;sxkA vfrfjDr Jfedksa dh ek=kk dks de djus osQ fy, LoSfPNd lsok fuo`fÙk ;kstuk,a (Voluntary
retirement schemes) vkjaHk dh x;haA LoSfPNd lsok fuo`fÙk {kfriw£r osQ vfrfjDr] jk"Vªh; uohdj.k fufèk
(National Reneal Fund) dk;e dh x;h rkfd Jfedksa osQ izf'k{k.k ,oa iqu% jkstxkj dh O;oLFkk dh tk losQA
vk£Fkd lqèkkjksa dk ewY;kadu (Assessment of Economic Reforms)

Hkkjr esa vk£Fkd lqèkkj 1991 esa dkaxzsl ljdkj }kjk ftlosQ izèkkuea=kh Jh ih-oh ujflag jko Fks] ykxw fd, x,A
jktuSfrd nyksa esa vk£Fkd lqèkkjksa osQ dk;kZUo;u osQ lEcUèk esa yxHkx ,der gSA dkaxzsl ikVhZ vkSj Hkkjrh; turk
ikVhZ tks ns'k osQ nks izeq[k jktuhfrd ny gSa] vk£Fkd lqèkkjksa osQ ckjs esa dkiQh gn rd ,d ls fopkj j[krs gSaA dkaxzsl
osQ dbZ usrk ;g vkjksi yxkrs gSa fd Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ dkaxzsl ljdkj }kjk pkyw fd, vk£Fkd lqèkkjksa dks ykxw
djus dk Js; ys jgh gSA turk ny] Hkkjrh; dE;wfuLV ikVhZ] lh-ih-vkbZ- (,e)] lektoknh ikVhZ] jk"Vªh; turk
ny] Mh-,e-osQ- ,oa ,-Mh-,e-osQ- lHkh vius&vius jkT;ksa esa fuos'k c<+kus osQ fy, fons'kh iwath vkd£"kr djrs gSaA
la{ksi esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd ns'k osQ vk£Fkd fodkl dks Rofjr djus osQ fy, vk£Fkd lqèkkjksa dks pkyw djus
vkSj mUgsa dk;kZfUor djus osQ ckjs esa ,der izkIr gks pqdk gSA
lqèkkj izfØ;k us vc 16 o"kZ iwjs dj fy, gSa vkSj ;g le;&vofèk bruh NksVh ugha fd lqèkkj izfØ;k osQ izHkko
dk ewY;kadu u fd;k tk losQA vr% lqèkkj izfØ;k dh miyfCèk;ksa vkSj [kkfe;ksa dk iqu£ujh{k.k djuk pkfg, rkfd
;g lkspk tk losQ fd D;k ns'k lgh fn'kk esa py jgk gSA vU;Fkk] bl ckr ij fopkj djuk vko';d gS fd 1990
osQ n'kd esa pyk;h x;h lqfoèkk&izfØ;k esa lqèkkj gksuk pkfg,A
lqèkkj izfØ;k dk ewY;kadu djus ls igys ;g okaNuh; gksxk fd vk£Fkd fodkl dh izfØ;k osQ y{; Li"V dj
fn, tk,aA lqèkkj izfØ;k dks vk£Fkd fodkl dks Rofjr djus osQ lkFk fuEufyf[kr mís';ksa dks izkIr djuk
pkfg,μ(1) lao`f¼ dh Åaph nj] (2) jkstxkj&{kerk dk foLrkj] (3) xjhch&js[kk osQ uhps jgus okyh tula[;k
esa deh (4) lekurk dh izksUufr ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i lekt osQ xjhc vkSj detksj oxks± dks csgrj ykHk izkIr
gksa] vkSj (5) {ks=kh; vlekurkvksa dh n`f"V ls Hkkjr osQ le`¼ vkSj xjhc jkT;ksa osQ chp vUrj de fd;k tk losQA
vr% ;g ijh{k.k djuk mfpr gksxk fd vk£Fkd lq/kjksa osQ izHkkokèkhu D;k ;s mís'; izkIr fd, tk jgs gSaμ

dkaxzsl ikVhZ vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ tks ns'k osQ nks izeq[k jktuhfrd ny gSa] vk£Fkd
lqèkkjksa osQ ckjs esa dkiQh gn rd ,d ls fopkj j[krs gSaA
1- ldy ns'kh; mRikn dh o`f¼&nj (GDP Growth)

blesa lUnsg ugha fd vk£Fkd lqèkkj osQ ifj.kkeLo:i ldy ns'kh; mRikn (GDP) dh lkis{kr% mPp o`f¼nj izksUur
gqbZA igys nks o"kks± vFkkZr~ 1991&92 vkSj 1992&93 dh vkjafHkd dfBukb;ksa osQ i'pkr~ 1993&94 ls 1997&98 osQ
nkSjku vkSlr o`f¼rj 7 izfro"kZ FkhA vkBoha ;kstuk (1992&97) osQ nkSjku vkSlr o`f¼nj 6-8 izfr'kr FkhA tkfgj
gS fd o`f¼nj esa lqèkkj gqvkA
fdUrq blosQ i'pkr~ ldy ns'kh; mRikn dh o`f¼nj esa voRoj.k osQ fpÉ fn[kk;h fn,A ;fn ge lqèkkjiwoZ dky

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