Page 317 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—22% {ks=kh; izn'kZu III% fons'kh O;kikj ,oa Hkqxrku larqyu

fu;kZr osQ {ks=k Hkh esa èkhjs&èkhjs vkSj yxkrkj mUufr gqbZ gS vkSj ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa dks gekjs fu;kZr tks 1970&71 esa uksV
10-8 izfr'kr Fks rs”kh ls c<+dj 2005&06 esa 30-1 izfr'kr gks x, gSaA
vÚhdk osQ lkFk gekjs fu;kZr 1951&52 vkSj 1970&71 osQ nkSjku yxHkx 6&7 izfr'kr osQ chp jgs gSa] ijUrq
blosQ i'pkr~ ;s fxjdj 2005&06 esa 5-6 izfr'kr gks x,A fdUrq vk;kr osQ {ks=k esa] vÚhdh ns'kksa dk Hkkx
?kVrk&c<+rk jgk gS vkSj ;g 1951&52 esa 9 izfrt'kr Fkk fdUrq 2005&06 esa 3-2 izfr'kr jg x;kA
oqQy :i esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjr dk fons'kh O;kikj vc vis{kkÑr vfèkd foLr`r gks x;k gSA
1951&52 vkSj 1969&70 osQ nkSjku if'peh ;wjksi vkSj mÙkjh vesfjdk ij Hkkjr dh vR;fèkd fuHkZjrk vc de
gks x;h vkSj èkhjs&èkhjs gekjk O;kikj iwohZ; ;wjksi osQ ns'kksa vkSj ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa osQ lkFk c<+krk x;kA ijUrq vLlh
osQ n'kd vkSj 1990&91 ls 2005&06 osQ nkSjku ftlesa lksfo;r la?k dk fo?kVu gqvk] if'peh ;wjksi vkSj mÙkjh
vesfjdk dk egÙo c<+ x;k gSA ;s nksuksa {ks=k 2005&&06 esa gekjs fu;kZr osQ 39 izfr'kr vkSj vk;kr osQ 22
izfr'kr osQ fy, ftEesnkj FksA iwohZ; ;wjksi osQ ns'kksa dk Hkkx floqQM+ dj ux.; gks x;k vkSj ,f'k;k vkSj vÚhdk
osQ ns'kksa dk Hkkx c<+ jgk gSA
oqQN egÙoiw.kZ ns'kksa osQ lanHkZ esa gekjs fons'kh O;kikj dh fn'kk dk ijh{k.k djuk #fpdj gksxkA gekjs fons'kh
O;kikj esa lkr ns'k egÙoiw.kZ LFkku j[krs gSaA os gSaμ;w-,l-,-] ;w-osQ-] teZuh] tkiku] ;w-,-bZ- lÅnh vjc vkSj
bVyhA 1951&52 ls 2005&06 osQ nkSjku bu lkr ns'kksa osQ lkFk gekjs fu;kZr 57 ls 40 izfr'kr dh vfHklhek
(Range) esa jgsA blosQ fo#¼ blh dky osQ nkSjku gekjs vk;kr esa budk Hkkx 43 ls 22 izfr'kr osQ chp jgsA
1987&88 vkSj 2005&06 osQ nkSjku] Hkkjr osQ fons'kh O;kikj dh fn'kk esa egÙoiw.kZ ifjorZu gq, gSaA
(i) vk£Fkd lg;ksx ,oa fodkl laxBu (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop-
ment—OECD) ns'kksa osQ lkFk gekjs fu;kZr tks 1987&88 esa 59 izfr'kr Fks fxj dj 2005&06 esa 44
izfr'kr gks x,A blh izdkj vks-bZ-lh-Mh- ns'kksa ls gekjs vk;kr tks 1987&88 esa 60 izfr'kr Fks vkSj rs”kh
ls fxj dj 2005&06 esa 33 izfr'kr gks x,A ;g fxjkoV O;kid :i esa ;ksjksih; la?k (European
Union), mÙkjh vesfjdk (;w-,l-,- lesr) vkSj vU; vks-bZ-lh-Mh- ns'kksa tSls vkLVªsfy;k] tkiku vkSj
fLoV”kjySaM esa O;Dr gqbZA
(ii) fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ lkFk gekjs fons'kh O;kikj esa c<+us dh izo`fÙk ik;h x;hA buesa 'kkfey
gSaμ,f'k;k] ykrhu vesfjdk vkSj vÚhdkA bu ns'kksa dks gekjs fu;kZr 1987&88 esa osQoy 14-2 izfr'kr
Fks] tks rsth ls c<+dj 2005&06 ea 38-7 izfr'kr gks x,A buesa ,f'k;k osQ Hkkx esa fo'ks"kdj mUufr gqbZ
vkSj ;g bl vofèk esa 12 izfr'kr ls c<+dj 30-1 izfr'kr gks x;kA blesa] phu vkSj gkaxdkax dk Hkkx
gekjs fu;kZr esa yxHkx 11 izfr'kr gks x;k vkSj lkoZQ ns'kksa (SAARC Countries) dk Hkkx 5-2 izfr'kr
gks x;kA
tgka rd vk;kr dk lEcUèk gS fodkl'khy ns'kksa ls gekjs vk;kr tks 1987&88 esa 17-3 izfr'kr Fks
c<+dj 2005&06 esa 25-8 izfr'kr gks x;sA osQoy ,f'k;k }kjk 2005&06 esa vk;kr dk 21 izfr'kr
miyCèk djk;k x;kA phu vkSj gkaxdkax ls 2005&06 esa vk;kr 9 izfr'kr FkkA fdUrq lkoZQ ns'kksa dk Hkkx
osQoy 1 izfr'kr FkkA è;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr ;g gS fd phu 2005&06 esa gekjs eq[; O;kikfjd lk>hnkj
osQ :i esa mHkjk gS vkSj bls r`rh; LFkku izkIr gks x;k gSμ;w-,l-,- vkSj ;w-,-bZ- osQ ckn] ijUrq ;g ;w-
osQ- vkSj cSfYt;e ls vkxs fudy x;k gSA ;fn phu vkSj gkaxdkax dks ,d lkFk fy;k tk,] rks bUgsa gekjs
fons'kh O;kikj esa f}rh; LFkku izkIr gks x;k gSA
(iii) isVªksfy;e fu;kZr ns'kksa (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries—OPEC) ls gekjk
fons'kh O;kikj c<+k gSA budks fu;kZr tks 1987&88 esa 6-1 izfr'kr Fks c<+dj 2005&06 esa 15 izfr'kr
gks x,A ijUrq blh vofèk osQ nkSjku vk;kr esa fxjkoV dh izo`fÙk ik;h x;h 13-3 izfr'kr ls fxj dj 7-
7 izfr'krA isVªksfy;e fu;kZrd ns'kksa esa ;w-,-bZ lcls vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gks x;k vkSj blosQ ckn gSa lÅnh

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