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vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk
uksV miHkksx dj jgk gSA ns'k B dk mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ BB gSA ,yoFkZ lUnwd dk iz;ksx djrs gq, ns'k B osQ mRiknu
1
lEHkkouk oØ ,oa v{kksa dks myV dj j[kk x;k gSA ns'k B osQ fy, fcUnq P ij xsgw¡ osQ mRiknu ,oa miHkksx dh
ek=kk O′W (vFkok WX) rFkk diM+s osQ mRiknu ,oa miHkksx dh ek=kk O′C (vFkok CX) gSA bl ij nksuksa ns'kksa
1
1
esa xsgw¡ dk lexz mRiknu OX (= OW + WX) rFkk diM+s dk lexz mRiknu OY (= OC + CY) gSA bl lexz
mRiknu osQ lkFk nksuksa ns'kksa dk lexz dY;k.k Lrj leqnk; mnklhurk oØ ClC }kjk izn£'kr gSA
0
fcUnq ij nksuksa ns'kksa osQ fy, LFkk;h lUrqyu dk fcUnq ugha gS D;ksafd fcUnq P ij nksuksa ns'kksa osQ :ikUrj.k dh lhekUr
nj leku ugha gS ftlosQ dkj.k nksuksa ns'kksa esa lalkèkuksa dk vkoaVu vuqowQyre ugha gSA vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj gksus dh
n'kk esa nksuksa ns'k lalkèkuksa dk vuqowQyre vkoaVu djus esa liQy gks tkrs gSa ftlls nksuksa ns'kksa dk lexz mRiknu
xsgw¡ ,oa diM+s osQ fy, Øe'k% OX′ rFkk OY′ gks tkrk gSμbl mRiknu Lrj ij nksuksa ns'kksa osQ mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ
,d&nwljs dks fcUnq P ij Li'kZ djrs gSaA vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj osQ dkj.k oLrqvksa osQ lexz mRiknu esa o`f¼ gks tkrh
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gS vkSj leqnk; mnklhurk oØ nkb± vksj f[kld dj ClC gks tkrk gSA ;g Å¡pk leqnk; mnklhurk oØ dY;k.k
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osQ Å¡ps Lrj dk lwpd gSA
bl ij] vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj fo'o dY;k.k esa o`f¼ djus esa lgk;d gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- lgh fodYi pqfu, (Choose the Correct option)
1. izks- lsE;qylu vius ys[k ‘The Gains from International Trade’ esa Li"V fd;k fd] vkRefuHkZj
vFkZO;oLFkk dh rqyuk esa dksbZ Hkh ns'k varjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ls tqM+dj ykHk izkIr dj ldrk gSA ;g ys[k
izdkf'kr gqvkμ
(d) 1935 esa ([k) 1936 esa (x) 1938 esa (?k) 1939 esa
2. viuh iwoZ ekU;rk (NksVs ns'k) dk ifjR;kx dj cM+s ns'k dks varjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ls feyus okys ykHk dk
foospu vius nwljs ys[k esa izks- lsE;qylu us fd;k gSA nwljk ys[k izdkf'kr gqvkμ
(d) 1959 ([k) 1960 (x) 1962 (?k) 1963
3. lSE;qylu dh fopkjèkkjk ekU;rkvkas ij vkèkkfjr gSμ
(d) vFkZO;oLFkk iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk ij vkèkkfjr gSA
([k) fLFkj iSekus osQ izfriQy ykxw gksrs gSaA
(x) ykxrksa osQ ewY; mudh iw£r dks izHkkfor ugha djrsA
(?k) d vkSj [k nksuksa lgh gSaA
4. lSE;qylu osQ fl¼kar dh viuh iqLrd esa vfèkd lkekU; ,oa mRÑ"V O;k[;k izLrqr dhμ
(d) fjdkMksZ us ([k) osQEi us (x) gScjyj us (?k) gSjM us
2-2 ykHk dh ek=kk dks fuèkkZfjr djus okys rRo (Factors Determining the
Quantity of Gain)
vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ls gksus okys ykHk ij fuEu rRoksa dk izHkko iM+rk gSμ
(1) (Difference in Cost Ratios)μ osQ vuqlkj] vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ls gksus okyk
ykHk bl ckr ij fuHkZj jgrk gS fd nks ns'kksa esa mRiknu&ykxr vuqikrksa esa D;k lEcUèk gSA ykHk mlh le; lEHko
gS tc nksuksa ns'kksa esa ykxr vuqikr fHkUu&fHkUu gksaA nks ns'kksa esa
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