Page 27 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZμ2% O;kikj ls gksus okys ykHkksa dk ekiu

gS rks izR;sd ns'k esa ykxr vkSj dher vuqikr cjkcj ugha gksaxsA ;fn dher vuqikr] ykxr vuqikr ls vfèkd uksV
gksrk gS rks okLrfod ykHk lEHkkfor ykHk ls de gksxkμ
⎡ P ⎤ ⎡ C ⎤
⎢ X ⎥ > ⎢ X ⎥ ∴ G > G P
A
⎣ P Y ⎦ ⎣ C Y ⎦
pwafd fo'o cktkj esa lnSo viw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk dh n'kk fo|eku jgrh gS vr% vUrjkZ"Vªh; cktkj esa okLrfod ykHk]
lEHkkfor ykHk ls lnSo de cuk jgrk gSA

2-4 O;kikj ls ykHk vkSj vk; forj.k (Gains from Trade and Income Distribution)

tc ,d ns'k vU; ns'k osQ lkFk O;kikj izkjEHk djrk gS rks mls O;kikj ls ykHk gksrk gSA O;kikj ls gksus okys ykHk
osQ iQyLo:i ns'k esa vk;&forj.k izHkkfor gksrk gSA
¡ (Assumptions)

;g fo'ys"k.k fuEufyf[kr ekU;rkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSA
1- A rFkk B nks ns'k gSaA 2- ,d ns'k NksVk gSA
3- ;g X rFkk Y nks oLrqvksa dk mRiknu djrk gSA
4- ljdkj ,d ifjHkkf"kr dY;k.k iQyu osQ vuq:i vk; dk forj.k djrh gSA
(Explanation)

mijksDr ekU;rkvksa osQ vkèkkj ij O;kikj osQ ykHk ls vk; forj.k dh O;k[;k dks fuEu fp=k }kjk izLrqr fd;k
tk ldrk gSμ
fp=k esa oLrq Y osQ miHkksx ls ns'k A dh mi;ksfxrk dks {kSfrt v{k ij rFkk oLrq X osQ miHkksx ls ns'k B dh
mi;ksfxrk dks vuqyEc v{k ij izn£'kr fd;k x;k gSA O;kikj iwoZ n'kk esa] mudh mi;ksfxrk lEHkkouk lhek BA
gSA ;fn os P la;ksx dk mi;ksx djrs gSa rks A dh mi;ksfxrk B
B 1
ls vfèkd gksrh gS] D;ksafd ns'k A ns'k B dh rqyuk esa Y oLrq Y T
3
B
dh vis{kk X oLrq dh vfèkd ek=kk dk miHkksx djrk gS] vFkkZr~ R
OX > OY ;fn os Q fcUnq ij gksrs gaS rks nksuksa oLrqvksa osQ miHkksx Y 2 D E
ls mUgsa leku mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksrh gS] vFkkZr~ OX = OY 1 dh mi;ksfxrk Y 1 S
1
O;kikj i'pkr~ tc ns'k dks ykHk gksrk gS rc mldh mi;ksfxrk Q
B P
lEHkkouk lhek B A gS tks O;kikj ls iwoZ dh mi;ksfxrk Y
1 1
lEHkkouk lhek BA dks P fcUnq ij Li'kZ djrh gSA oØ B A 1
1
osQ fcUnq P osQ Åij dksbZ vU; fcUnq tSls f=kHkqt RQS ij O X 3 X 1 X 2 X A A 1
fcUnq E nksuksa miHkksDrkvksa dks igys ls vPNh fLFkfr esa yk nsxk]
fp=k 2-6
D;ksafd Q fcUnq ij O;kikj iwoZ fLFkfr (OX rFkk OY ) dh
1
1
vis{kk og X rFkk Y dh vfèkd ek=kkvksa (OX rFkk OY ) dk miHkksx djrk gSA
2 2
O;kikj ls ykHk osQ iQyLo:i vk; osQ forj.k esa ifjorZu gksxkA eku yhft, fd O;kikj i'pkr~ fLFkfr esa miHkksDrk
B A oØ osQ T fcUnq ij gS tgk¡ O;kikj&iwoZ fLFkfr esa fcUnq D ij miHkksDrk A dh rqyuk miHkksDrk B vis{kkÑr
1 1
vPNh fLFkfr esa gSA ljdkj nksuksa miHkksDrkvksa osQ chp vk; dk iqufoZrj.k bl <ax ls djrh gS fd os B A oØ
1
1
osQ lkFk fcUnq E ij xfr djrs gSaA fcUnq E b"Vre gS tgk¡ dY;k.k vfèkdre gksrk gS] D;ksafd nksuksa miHkksDrk fcUnq
Q dh vis{kk X rFkk Y dh vfèkd ek=kkvksa (OX rFkk OY ) dk miHkksx djrs gSaA
2
2

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