Page 29 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZμ2% O;kikj ls gksus okys ykHkksa dk ekiu

P dh <yku osQ cjkcj gSaA eqDr O;kikj osQ vUrxZr vUrjkZ"Vªh; dher js[kk P ij oØ Cl osQ E fcUnq ls oØ Cl 1 uksV
1
1
rd xfr }kjk miHkksx ykHk dks izn£'kr fd;k x;k gS] vkSj fof'k"Vhdj.k ls vfrfjDr ykHk dks C ls C″ ij xfr
}kjk fn[kk;k x;k gS] tc vUrjkZ"Vªh; dher js[kk P mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ AB dks N ij rFkk CL oØ dks C″
3
3
ij Li'kZ djrh gSA
P 3
P
eku yhft, fd vUrjkZ"Vªh; dher vuqikr osQ fn, gq, gksus ij 2
P 1
ns'k vfu"ksèkdkjh (non-prohibitive) iz'kqYd yxkrk gSA C
C
ifj.kkeLo:i PT js[kk dh <yku ij ?kjsyw mRiknu dks izn£'kr
djrh gS vkSj mRiknu N fcUnq ls ljd dj N′ ij igq¡p tkrk C CI
3
gSA N′ ij ubZ ?kjsyw dher js[kk] ftlesa iz'kqYd PT 'kkfey gS] CI 2
Y–oLrq P CI
mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ AB dks Li'kZ djrh gSA izfrcfUèkr A 1
O;kikj vUrjkZ"Vªh; dher js[kk P ij gksxk tks fd P osQ E CI 0
2 3
lekukUrj gSA miHkksx Cl oØ ij ljd dj C′ ij pyk tkrk N
2
gSA blls irk pyrk gS fd fu;fU=kr O;kikj osQ vUrxZr dY;k.k
PT
Cl jg tkrk gSA ;g Cl dY;k.k Cl dY;k.k ls de gS tks N
2
3
2
eqDr O;kikj osQ vUrxZr Fkk] ijUrq ml Cl dY;k.k ls vfèkd O B
0
X–oLrq
gS tks O;kikj&ugha osQ vUrxZr FkkA blls fl¼ gksrk gS fd
izfrcafèkr O;kikj ls eqDr O;kikj vPNk gS vkSj O;kikj&ugha dh fp=k 2-8
vis{kk izfrcafèkr O;kikj Js"B gSA

^O;kikj ugha ls izfrcafèkr O;kikj Js"B gSA*] bl dFku dks Li"V dhft,A

txnh'k Hkxorh us vius ys[k “The Gains from Trade Once Again”
P
1
(1968) esa fn[kk;k gS fd ;g izLFkkiuk fd O;kikj&ugha dh vis{kk P
C
izfrcfUèkr O;kikj Js"B gS rHkh rd lgh gS tc dksVk iz'kqYd vFkok
C
fofue; fu;U=k.kksa osQ :i esa yxk, x, izfrcUèk mu fons'kh dherksa
Y–oLrq A
rFkk ?kjsyw dherksa esa vUrj mRiUu djsa ftudk miHkksDrkvksa vkSj N
mRikndksa nksuksa dks lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gS] ijUrq vk;krksa (vFkok E PS CI 1
fodYir% fu;kZrksa) ij mRiknu lgkf;dh (subsidy) (vFkok fodYir%
N CI 0
dj) osQ }kjk O;kikj dks izfrcfUèkr fd;k tkrk gS] rks dk CI
fl¼kUr [kjk ugha mrjrkA fp=k 2-9 esa vk;kr oLrq Y (vuqyEc
O B
v{k) ij mRiknu lgkf;dh dh fLFkfr Li"V dh xbZ gSA tc X–oLrq
O;kikj&ugha dh fLFkfr gS] rks Cl oØ dY;k.k&Lrj dks O;Dr djrk fp=k 2-9
0
gSA eqDr O;kikj osQ vUrxZr P js[kk dh <yku }kjk ekis x,
1
vUrjkZ"Vªh; dher vuqikr osQ fn, gq, gksus ij] dY;k.k Cl ls c<+dj Cl ij igq¡p tkrk gSA tc mRiknu
0
1
lgkf;dh pkyw dh tkrh gS rks mRiknu N ls ljd dj N ij pyk tkrk gS vkSj miHkksx C ls de gksdj C′
1
gks tkrk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] dY;k.k ?kV dj eqDr O;kikj Lrj ls uhps rFkk O;kikj&ugha Lrj ls uhps vk tkrk
gS] Cl′ oØ Cl ls uhps gSA blls fl¼ gksrk gS fd izfrcfUèkr O;kikj dh fLFkfr O;kikj&ugha ls ?kfV;k gSA
0

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