Page 263 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kUr

uksV vkdka{kkvksa dk neu dj fn;k tk,A bl rjg cyiwoZd lekurk LFkkfir djus dk izLrko Lora=k lekt esa
Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA oLrqr% gs;d us lekurk dh rqyuk esa Lora=krk dks bruh iz/kurk nh gS fd og
lc O;fDr;ksa osQ fy, leku Lora=krk (Equal Freedom) osQ nkos dks Hkh Lohdkj ugha djrkA mlosQ
fopkj ls ^oS;fDrd Lora=krk* lkekftd izxfr (Social Progress) dh t:jh 'krZ gSA gks ldrk gS] bus&fxus
yksx gh dksbZ cM+k dke djuk pkgrs gksa tks lekt dh mUufr esa lgk;d gksxkA mUgsa ,slh Lora=krk ls bl vk/kj
ij oafpr ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd bldk ykHk cgqr de yksx mBk ik,¡xsA gs;d osQ vuqlkj] fdlh dks Hkh
Lora=krk u nsus ls vPNk ;g gS fd oqQN yksxksa dks gh Lora=krk ns nh tk,_ vkSj lc yksxksa dks FkksM+h&FkksM+h
Lora=krk nsus ls vPNk ;g gS fd oqQN yksxksa dks iwjh Lora=krk ns nh tk,] pkgs ckdh yksxksa osQ fgLls esa
oqQN Hkh u vk,A Lora=krk dh ehBh jksVh (Cake of Freedom) dks ckaVrs le; lc dks cjkcj fgLlk nsuk
t:jh ugha] cfYd gjsd dk fgLlk r; djrs le; ;g ns[kuk pkfg, fd og lkekftd izxfr esa fdruk ;ksxnku
dj ldrk gSA

gs;d ck”kkj&iz.kkyh osQ varxZr O;fDr dh Lora=krk dh leL;k gy djuk pkgrk gS] vkSj ;g lq>ko
nsrk gS fd jkT; dks ck”kkj&ra=k osQ ckgj oqQN lkoZtfud lsokvksa dh O;oLFkk djuh pkfg,A ijarq ck”kkj&ra=k
esa dksbZ NsM+NkM+ fd, fcuk jkT; lkekftd lsok,¡ dgk¡ ls tqVk ldrk gSµbl ckjs esa gs;d us dksbZ Li"V
;kstuk izLrqr ugha dh gSA vr% oS;fDrd Lora=krk (Individual Freedom) dk bruk izcy leFkZd gksrs gq,
Hkh gs;d blosQ fy, dksbZ Bksl vk/kj&Hkwfe rS;kj ugha dj ik;k gSA gs;d us Lora=krk vkSj lkekftd U;k;
dks ,d&nwljs ls dkVdj Lora=krk dh tM+ksa dks de”kksj dj fn;k gSA

VkLd Lora=krk vkSj lekurk osQ laca/ksa dh ppkZ dhft,A

13-2-2 lekurk vkSj U;k; (Equality and Justice)

tc ge lekurk vkSj U;k; osQ ijLij laca/ dh ppkZ djrs gSa rc ;g ns[kuk ”k:jh gS fd ge lekurk dh
dkSu&lh O;k[;k dks U;k; dh dkSu&lh O;k[;k osQ lkFk feyk jgs gSa\ vjLrw us dgk FkkµU;k; dk vFkZ
;g gS fd leku yksxksa osQ lkFk leku crkZo fd;k tk, vkSj vleku yksxksa osQ lkFk vleku crkZo fd;k tk,
(Treating equals equally and unequals unequally)A vr% U;k; djus ls igys ;g irk yxkuk
t:jh gS fd dkSu&ls yksx leku gSa vkSj dkSu&ls vleku gSa\ vjLrq us psrkouh nh Fkh fd tks yksx ,d rjg
ls leku gSa] dHkh&dHkh os ;g le>us yxrs gSa fd mUgsa gj rjg ls leku gksuk pkfg,A mnkgj.k osQ fy,]
tks yksx ukxfjdksa (Citizens) osQ :i esa nwljksa osQ leku ;k led{k gSa] os ;g lkspus yxrs gSa fd bUgsa mUgha
osQ leku 'kfDr] /u&laink vkSj eku&e;kZnk Hkh izkIr gksuh pkfg,A ij pw¡fd mUgsa ;s lc fo'ks"kkf/dkj izkIr ugha
gksrs] blfy, muosQ eu esa vU;k; (Injustice) dh vuqHkwfr iSnk gksrh gSA blls lekt esa oSeuL; dh Hkkouk
iuius yxrh gS tks vkxs pydj fonzksg (Rebellion) dk :i /kj.k dj ysrh gSA lekt esa 'kkafr dk;e j[kus
osQ fy, ,slh Hkkouk iSnk ugha gksus nsuh pkfg,A vr% jkT; esa lekurk osQ fopkj dks c<+kok ugha nsuk pkfg,A

vkt osQ ;qx esa tks yksx 'kfDr] /u&laink vkSj eku&e;kZnk dh izpfyr fo"kerkvksa (Inequalities) dks dk;e
j[kuk pkgrs gSa] os Hkh U;k; osQ uke ij vjLrq osQ roZQ dks nksgjkrs gSaA os ckj&ckj psrkouh nsrs gSa fd yksxksa dks
U;k; ij orZeku O;oLFkk esa vkewy&ifjorZu dh ek¡x ugha djuh pkfg,A mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ledkyhu vkfLVª;kbZ

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