Page 267 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kUr

uksV beSuq,y dkaV (1724&1804) dh bl Lo;aflf¼ ls fd;k gS fd ^foosd'khy izÑfr vius&vki esa lkè; gS*
(‘Rational nature exists as an end-in-itself ’)A p¡wfd euq"; blh foosd'khy izÑfr dh Js.kh esa vkrk
gS] blfy, ekuo ek=k dks lnSo ,d lkè; ekudj pyuk pkfg,] osQoy lk/u ekudj dHkh ugha pyuk pkfg,A
bl rjg jkT; osQ izR;sd lnL; dks Lora=k dÙkkZ (Free Agent) osQ :i esa ekU;rk nsuh pkfg,_ muesa fdlh dks
nkl (Slave) cukdj j[kuk vuqfpr gksxkA vjLrq us nkl&izFkk dk leFkZu bl vk/kj ij fd;k Fkk fd oqQN
euq"; ^foosd'khy izÑfr* dh Js.kh esa ugha vkrs_ os osQoy thrs&tkxrs midj.k (Living Tools) gksrs gSa]
blfy, os Lora=krk osQ vf/dkj ughaA ;wjksih; fparu esa 'krkfCn;ksa rd ;g ekU;rk izpfyr jghA ijUrq vk/qfud
foKku us ;g fl¼ dj fn;k gS fd euq";&euq"; esa ,slk dksbZ rkfÙod ;k xq.kkRed varj ugha gksrk fd ,d dks
^foosd'khy*] vkSj nwljs dks ^foosd'kwU;* ekuk tk,A mudh fofHkUu {kerkvksa esa bruk varj ugha ik;k tkrk
ftlosQ vk/kj ij mUgsa ^Lokeh* vkSj ^nkl* (‘Master’ and ‘Slave’) tSlh i`Fko~Q&i`Fko~Q Jsf.k;ksa esa j[kk tk
losQA

Lora=krk ;k Lok/hurk (Independence) dk foijhr :i gSµnklrk (Slavery) ;k ijk/hurk (Bondage)A
nkl tks oqQN Lo;a pkgrk gS] oSlk ugha dj ldrk] cfYd tks oqQN mldk Lokeh pkgrk gS] mls ogh djuk iM+rk
gSA Lora=k euq"; og gS tks fdlh dk nkl u gks] vFkkZr~ tks viuh bPNk osQ vuqlkj oqQN Hkh djus esa leFkZ gksA
oSls Lora=krk dk ;g vFkZ dbZ lhekvksa ls c¡/k gS] D;ksafd vkSipkfjd izfrca/ u gksrs gq, Hkh ;FkkFkZ ifjfLFkfr;k¡
euq"; dks cgqr oqQN djus ls jksdrh gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] euq"; ihM+kxzLr gksus ij eupkgk dk;Z ugha dj ldrkA
euq"; osQoy foosd'khy ugha] laosnu'khy (Sensitive) izk.kh Hkh gSA og Hkw[k&I;kl ;k nq%[k&nnZ osQ dkj.k
foo'k gks ldrk gSA vr% Lora=krk dk lcls foLr`r vFkZ ;g gksxk fd euq"; vius Hkhrj ;k ckgj ls fdlh
Hkh rjg dh foo'krk ls xzLr u gks rkfd og tks oqQN loksZÙke le>rk gS] mls djus esa dksbZ Hkh ck/k
vuqHko u djsA bldk eryc gksxkµHkw[k&I;kl] jksx&ihM+k] Hk;&vHkkoµlcls eqfDrA blesa dksbZ lansg ugha fd
,slh vkn'kZ fLFkfr izkIr djuk cgqr dfBu gSA ijarq ge fdlh jkT; dks bl dlkSVh ij ij[k ldrs gSa fd og
vius ukxfjdksa dks ,slh Lora=krk iznku djus esa fdruk l{ke ;k rRij gS\

Lora=krk dh ppkZ djrs le; ge ;g ekudj pyrs gSa fd Lora=krk dh dkeuk foosd'khy euq"; dk LoHkko
gSA ijarq fdlh fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr esa euq"; dk foosd oqaQfBr gks ldrk gS vkSj og Lora=krk ls foeq[k gks
ldrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] dksbZ nkl viuh nklrk esa gh larq"V (Contented) gks ldrk gSA oqQN yksd
va/fo'okl] jhfr&fjokt ;k lkekftd pyu osQ xqyke cudj Lora=k fu.kZ; dk jkLrk Hkwy tkrs gSaA oqQN yksx
miHkksDrk laLÑfr (Consumer Culture) osQ jl esa Mwcdj izÑfr osQ je.kh; vkapy ls nwj pys tkrs gSa vkSj
mPp dksfV osQ lkfgR;] laxhr vkSj dyk osQ vkLokn dks Hkwy tkrs gSa tks euq"; dks rqPN dksfV dh bPNkvksa ls
Åij mBus esa lgk;rk nsrk gSA Lora=krk dk fl¼kar ;g ek¡x djrk gS fd tks euq"; ijk/hu gksrs gq, Hkh
ijk/hurk ls eqfDr dh ek¡x ugha djrk] mls Lok/hurk dk jkLrk fn[kkdj mlosQ lks, gq, foosd dks
txkuk pkfg,A
miHkksDrk laLÑfr (Consumer Culture)
fdlh lekt esa ,sls ewY;ksa vkSj ekU;rkvksa dh iz/kurk ftuesa oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa osQ miHkksx (Con-

sumption) dks thou dk loksZÙke y{; vkSj lkekftd izfr"Bk (Social Prestige) dk izrhd ekuk
tkrk gSA blesa mnkÙk thou ewY;ksaµtSls fd vkRela;e] tulsok ;k dykRed vfHk#fp;ksa dks fo'ks"k egÙo
ugha fn;k tkrkA

262 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY