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Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV osQ ckjs iqufuZjh{k.k osQ ckjs esa fu.kZ; dj ldrs gSaA u gh og ladVdky ls fuiVus osQ fy, mBk, x, dneksa
osQ ckjs esa fu.kZ; dj ldrh FkhA ijUrq 11 ekpZ] 1994 dks loksZPp U;k;ky; us vuqPNsn 356 osQ vèkhu yxk,
x, ladVdky dh laoSèkkfud mfprrk osQ ckjs esa tk¡p djus osQ vius vfèkdkj dk iz;ksx djuk vkjaHk dj fn;k]
ysfdu loksZPp U;k;ky; iqufuZjh{k.k dh 'kfDr dh izÑfr ?kks"k.kk ykxw fd, tkus rFkk blosQ oqQN le; rd
pyus osQ ckn (Post Mortem) djus tSlh gSA
4- ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa osQ LFkxu ls lEcfUèkr O;oLFkk (Provisions for the Suspension of Funda-
mental Rights)% ladVdky fLFkfr esa vuqPNsn 32 osQ vèkhu feys ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa osQ ykxw djus osQ
vfèkdkj dks LFkfxr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g O;oLFkk yksdra=k fojksèkh vkSj lÙkkoknh gSA 44osa la'kksèku }kjk
fo'oluh; cuk;k x;k gS fd vuqPNsn 20 vkSj 21 osQ vèkhu feyh O;fDrxr Lora=krk osQ vfèkdkj dks
ladVdky fLFkfr osQ nkSjku Hkh LFkfxr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ;g ,d Lokxr ;ksX; la'kksèku gS] ijUrq blus osQoy
vkaf'kd :i esa yksxksa osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dks LFkfxr fd, tkus dh O;oLFkk dks udkjk gSA lafoèkku osQ bl
¶udkjkRed y{k.k¸ yksxksa osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dks LFkfxr fd;s tkus ls lEcfUèkr vuqPNsn 359 dks lafoèkku
esa 'kkfey fd, tkus dh lafoèkku fuekZ.k lHkk osQ vusd lnL;ksa }kjk vkykspuk dh xbZ vkSj vkt Hkh vusdksa
fo}kuksa osQ }kjk dM+h vkykspuk dh tkrh gSA
5- ladVdkyhu O;oLFkkvksa dk lEHkkfor xyr iz;ksx (Possible Misuse of Emergency Provi-
sions)% vius LokFkhZ mís';ksaaa dh iwfrZ osQ fy, lÙkkèkkjh ny osQ }kjk ladVdkyhu O;oLFkkvksa dk xyr iz;ksx
fd;k tk ldrk gSA lS¼kafrd :i esa rhu izdkj osQ ladVdky dh fLFkfr;ksa ls fuiVus osQ fy, jk"Vªifr dks
O;kid 'kfDr;k¡ nh xbZ gSaA ijUrq okLro esa bu 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx osQUnzh; eaf=keaMy osQ }kjk fd;k tkrk gS vkSj
bu 'kfDr;ksa osQ iz;ksx esa jk"Vªifr eaf=keaMy dk ijke'kZ ekuus osQ fy, Hkh ikcan gksrk gSA ,sls lHkh iz'uksa tSlk
fd fo'ks"k izdkj dh fLFkfr esa ladVdky yxkus dh vko';drk gS ;k ugha\ fo|eku fLFkfr esa fdl izdkj dk
ladVdky yxkus dh vko';drk gS\ ladVdky fLFkfr esa fdl izdkj osQ dne mBkus dh vko';drk gS] vkfn
osQ ckjs esa fu.kZ; eaf=keaMy osQ }kjk fy;k tkrk gS tks okLro esa jktuhfrd dk;Zikfydk gS vkSj og dbZ ckj
i{kèkj fu.kZ; ys ldrh gSA
chrs le; esa vuqPNsn 352 vkSj 356 osQ iz;ksx ls ,slh fopkjèkkjk dh iqf"V gqbZ gSA twu] 1975 esa vuqPNsn 352
dk nq#i;ksx fd;k x;k Fkk tc Jherh bfUnjk xkaèkh dh ljdkj osQ }kjk vkarfjd xM+cM+ osQ dkj.k ns'k esa
ladVdky fLFkfr dh ?kks"k.kk dj nh xbZ FkhA jk"Vªifr iQ[k#íhu vyh vgen ls ftl <ax ls ladVdky ykxw
djok;k x;k vkSj ftl rjg ehlk vkSj dksiQikslk (MISA, COFEPOSA) vkfn dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k] ls
ladVdkyhu O;oLFkkvksa dh [krjukd vkSj lÙkkoknh iz;ksx dh laHkkouk osQ ckjs esa irk yxk FkkA vusd voljksa
ij vuqPNsn 356 dk fd;k x;k nq#i;skx gekjh jktuhfrd iz.kkyh dk ,d rF; cu pqdk gSA chrs esa vusdksa
voljksa vkSj bl vuqPNsn dk iz;ksx cfYd nq#i;ksx osQUnz eas lÙkkèkkjh ny osQ }kjk ¶,d vlg;ksxh¸ fojksèkh ny
dh jkT; ljdkj dks gVkus osQ fy, fd;k x;kA 1977 esa fd;k x;k iz;ksx bl vuqPNsn osQ nq#i;ksx dk izeq[k
mnkgj.k Fkk tc turk ikVhZ dh ljdkj osQ }kjk vuqPNsn 356 osQ vèkhu jk"Vªifr }kjk ladVdky ykxw djok
dj 8 jkT; ljdkjsaa Hkax dj nh xb±A bl nq#i;ksx osQ O;ogkj dks iQjojh 1980 esa nksgjk;k x;k tc dkaxzsl dh
ljdkj us Hkh vuqPNsn 356 osQ vèkhu ladVdky osQ }kjk 9 jkT; ljdkjksa dks gVk fn;kA 1991 esa Mh-,e-osQ-
osQ usr`Ro okyh rfeyukMq ljdkj dks lÙkk ls gVkus osQ fy, osQUnz ljdkj osQ }kjk vuqPNsn 356 dk vfu;fer
vkSj 'kh?kzrk esa fd;k iz;ksx FkkA vkt rd vuqPNsn 356 osQ vèkhu yxHkx 100 ckj ladVdky ykxw fd;k tk
pqdk gSA
vuqPNsn 356 dk nq#i;ksx osQUnz&jkT; lEcUèkksa esa ruko iSnk djus vkSj jkT;iky osQ in dks fooknkxzLr cukus
dk ,d izeq[k dkj.k jgk gSA 44osa la'kksèku us ladVdkyhu O;oLFkkvksa osQ ,sls nq#i;ksx osQ voljksa dks de djus

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