Page 85 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV bl izdkj vuqPNsn 352 osQ vèkhu yxk, x, ladVdky osQ leku fdlh jkT; esa vuqPNsn 356 osQ v/hu yxk,
x, laoSèkkfud ladVdky osQ vèkhu Hkh jkT; dh O;fDrxr LorU=krk ;k Lok;Ùkrk LFkfxr gks ldrh gSA lEcfUèkr
jkT; vkSj osQUnz osQ chp lEcUèk ,dkRed Lo:i ys ysrs gSa D;ksafd osQUnz ljdkj lEcfUèkr jkT; osQ lHkh
dk;Zikfydk vkSj oSèkkfud fo"k;ksa ij fu;U=k.k dj ysrh gSA
(IV) vuqPNsn 356 dk O;ogkj esa iz;ksx (Operation of Article 356)% vuqPNsn 356 dh O;oLFkkvksa
dks chrs esa yxHkx 100 ls vfèkd ckj iz;ksx fd;k tk pqdk gSA 1951 esa bldk iz;ksx iatkc esa fd;k x;kA blosQ
i'pkr~ bldk iz;ksx fu;fer :i ls fd;k tkrk jgk gSA 1977 esa bldk ,d gh le; 9 jkT;ksa mÙkj izns'k] eè;
izns'k] gfj;k.kk] iatkc] fgekpy izns'k] jktLFkku] if'peh caxky] fcgkj vkSj mM+hlk esa iz;ksx fd;k x;kA iQjojh]
1980 esa ;g dk;Zokgh 9 jkT;ksa mÙkj izns'k] fcgkj] jktLFkku] eè; izns'k] iatkc] xqtjkr] mM+hlk] egkjk"Vª vkSj
rfeyukMq esa iqu% nksgjkbZ xbZA iatkc vkSj osQjyk tSls cgqr&ls jkT;ksa esa ckj&ckj jk"Vªifr 'kklu ykxw fd;k tkrk
jgk gSA 1988 esa bldk iz;ksx ukxkySaM esa fd;k x;kA yxHkx lHkh jkT; dHkh u dHkh vuqPNsn 356 osQ vèkhu
laoSèkkfud ladVdky osQ f'kdkj jgs gSaA 1998 esa xksok esa ,slk ladVdky ykxw fd;k x;kA 1999 esa fcgkj esa
laoSèkkfud ladVdky dh ?kks"k.kk djosQ jkcM+h nsoh dh ljdkj dks Hkax fd;k x;k vkSj yksdlHkk us bldh
LohÑfr Hkh ns nhA ijUrq bl le; fo|eku ch-ts-ih- xBcaèku ljdkj osQ ikl jkT;lHkk esa cgqer izkIr ugha Fkk
blfy, ljdkj us bldks jkT;lHkk esa is'k u fd;kA fcgkj esa laoSèkkfud ladVdky dh ?kks"k.kk lekIr dj nh
xbZ vkSj jkcM+h nsoh dh ljdkj dks iqu% LFkkfir dj fn;k x;kA ebZ 2004 esa fcgkj esa ladVdky dh fLFkfr
?kksf"kr dh xbZ D;ksafd pquko osQ i'pkr~ dksbZ Hkh ny ljdkj xfBr djus dh fLFkfr esa ugha FkkA igys fcgkj
foèkkulHkk dks LFkfxr fLFkfr esa j[kk x;k ysfdu ckn esa ebZ 2005 esa bls Hkax dj fn;k x;k rFkk fuokZpu vk;ksx
dks fcgkj jkT; foèkkulHkk osQ fy, u, pquko laxfBr djus osQ fy, dgk x;kA vc ;s pquko vDVwcj&uoEcj
2005 esa djok, tk,axsA

uksV~l vuqPNsn 356 esa of.kZr laoSèkkfud ladVdky dh O;oLFkk dk fojksèk yxHkx lHkh jktuhfrd ny djrs
jgs gSa ijUrq dHkh izR;sd ny us izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i esa bldk iz;ksx Hkh fd;k gSA

vuqPNsn 360 osQ vèkhu foÙkh; ladVdky (Financial Emergency under Art. 360)

jk"Vªifr dks ;fn fo'okl gks tk, fd bl izdkj dh fLFkfr iSnk gks xbZ gS ftlls Hkkjr ;k Hkkjr osQ fdlh Hkkx
esa foÙkh; fLFkjrk ;k lk[k dks [krjk gS rks og vuqPNsn 360 osQ vèkhu foÙkh; ladVdky dh fLFkfr ykxw dj
ldrk gS%
(I) foÙkh; ladVdky dh ?kks"k.kk dh LohÑfr (Approval of the Financial Emergency Procla-

mation)% vuqPNsn 360 osQ vèkhu ykxw fd, x, foÙkh; ladVdky ykxw fd, tkus ls 1 ekg osQ vanj&vanj
laln osQ nksuksa lnuksa ls LohÑfr ysuh vko';d gksrh gSA ;fn ;g LohÑfr ugha yh tkrh rks bl vofèk osQ ckn
foÙkh; ladVdky lekIr gks tkrk gSA laln osQ nksuksa lnuksa ls ,d ckj LohÑfr feyus ij bldks 6 eghus osQ
fy, tkjh j[kk tk ldrk gSA blosQ i'pkr~ izR;sd 6 eghus ckn laln dh ckj&ckj LohÑfr ls bldh vofèk
dks c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA
(II) foÙkh; ladVdky ykxw fd, tkus osQ izHkko ( Effects of the Finacial Emergency Procla-

mation)% vuqPNsn 360 osQ vèkhu ykxw fd, x, foÙkh; ladVdky osQ izHkko fuEufyf[kr osQ vuqlkj gksrs gSa %

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