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fJekJh^10L okPNoh nzd'bB ns/ Gkosh ;[szsosk
fJekJh^10L okPNoh nzd'bB ns/ Gkosh ;[szsosk
fJekJh^10L okPNoh nzd'bB ns/ Gkosh ;[szsosk
fJekJh^10L okPNoh nzd'bB ns/ Gkosh ;[szsosk
fJekJh^10L okPNoh nzd'bB ns/ Gkosh ;[szsosk
;h. okPNoh ftfdnkbK dh ;EkgBk ns/ ;EkBe fttkdK d/ fBgNko/ d/ bJh gzukfJsK d/ rmB dk th gq;skt BØN
;h. j~E Bkb eskJh–p[DkJh B{z T[s;kj d/D ns/ fjzd{–w[;fbw J/esk Bz{ tkXk d/D s/ ftP/P i'o d/D dh rZb
ejh rJh ;h. S{nkS{s Bz{ fwNkT[D ns/ jo jkb ftu nfjz;k dk gkbB eoB dk ;ys fBod/P ;h. rKXh
ih B/ fdbk;k fd~sk fe i/eo fJBQK g'qrokwK s/ g{oh soQK nwb j'fJnk, sK fJe ;kb d/ nzdo jh nkikdh fwb
ikJ/rh. fJ; soQK Bkrg[o eKro; ;zw/bB B/ iB nzd'bB d/ ;zftXkB d/ sohe/ ngDkT[D dh x'PDk eo fdsh.
eqKshekoh nkszetkdhnK d/ swkw r[NK B/ (fInkdkso pzrkb d/) fJ; nzd'bB Bz{ ;woED fdsk.
Bt/A gq'rokwK T[s/ nwb eoB bJh eKro; d/ ;zrmBkswe YKu/ ftu th eJh gfotosB ehs/ rJ/, T[d/P
th pdb frnk. gfjb/ T[gd/P ;h ;zt?XkfBe ns/ t?XkfBe sohfenK Bkb ;t?Pk;B (;/bc rtoBw?AN) dh
gqkgsh, j[D T[d/P ;h nfjz;e ns/ T[fus sohfenK Bkb ;toki dh gqkgsh. rKXh ih d[nkok fsnko eKro;
d/ Bt/A ;zftXkB B/ th eKro; d/ ufoZso Bz{ ekch jd se pdfbnk.
j[D eKro; d/ o'Iw~ok d/ ezw B{z d/yD bJh 15 w?Apoh ekoiekoDh rfms ehsh rJh. fsbe B/ 1916 ftu
jh fJ;dk gq;skt ofynk ;h, go BowgzEh eKro;hnK d/ fto'X d/ ekoB fJ;Bz{ wzi{oh jh fwbh. rKXh
ih ikDd/ ;h fe fe;/ nzd'bB B{ bzw/ ;w/A se ubkT[D bJh e'Jh n?;h ew/Nh j'Dh ukjhdh j?, i' ;kb Go
;kok ezweki d/ydh oj/. ;EkBe g~Xo s/ g'qrokw T[s/ nwbh ikwk gkT[D bJh gqd/P eKro; ;whshnK dk
rmB ehsk frnk. fJjBK dk rmB GkPkJh nkXko s/ ehsk frnk, fi; Bkb fJ; ftu ;EkBe b'eK dh
fInkdk s'A fInkdk Gkrhdkoh j't/. fJ; d/ pknd eKro; B/ fgzvK–e;fpnK se gj[zuD dk fBPkBk
pDkfJnk. fJ; soQK eKro; ;zrmB dk dkfJok th tfXnk ns/ T[;dk fte/AdoheoB th j'fJnk. eKro;
B/ fJj th s?n ehsk fe fiE/ se ;zGt j't/, fjzdh Bz{ jh ps"o ;zgoe GkPk fJ;s/wkb ehsk ikt/.

eh s[;hA ikDd/ jØ fgzvK ns/ e;fpnK ftu th eKro; ;whshnK rms ehsh rJhnK. w?ApofPg
ch; uko nkB/ ;kb dh eo fdsh rJh fi; Bkb rohp b'e th w?Apo pD ;eD.

eKro; d[nkok fJ;Bz{ ngDkT[D d/ cb;o{g n;fj:'r nzd'bB dh BthA Pesh Goh. iBtoh 1921 s'A g{o/
d/P ftu nzd'bB dh b'efgqnsk tXD brh. rKXh ih B/ fybkcs B/sk nbh GkJhnK d/ Bkb g{o/ d/P dk d"ok
ehsk, ;?AeV/ ;GktK ftu GkPD fd~s/ ns/ okiBhfse ekoieosktK Bkb w[bkeks ehsh, T[BQK Bkb rZbpks
ehsh. gfjb/ wjhB/ ftu jh jIkoK ftfdnkohEhnK B/ (fJe nKeV/ d/ nB[;ko 90,000) ;oekoh ;e{bK ns/
ekbiK Bz{ S~v fdZsk ns/ okPNoh ;e{bK ns/ ekbiK ftu Gosh j' rJ/. T[; ;w/A d/P ftu 800 okPNoh
;e{b ns/ ekbi ;B. f;fynk dk pfjPeko gZSwh pzrkb ftu ;G s'A fInkdk ;cb fojk. ebe~sk d/
ftfdnkoEhnK B/ okiftnkgh jVskb ehsh. T[BQK dh wzr ;h fe ;e{bK d/ gqpzXe ;oeko Bkb nkgDk foPsk
s'VD. ;hHnkoH dk; B/ fJ; nzd'bB B{z pj[s T[s;kfjs ehsk ns/ ;[GkPuzdo p'; ‘B?PBb ekbi’ (ebe~sk)
d/ fgzq;hgb pD rJ/. gzikp ftu th t~v/ g?wkB/ T[s/ f;fynk dk pfjPeko ehsk frnk. pzrkb d/ pknd
fJ;/ dk Bzpo ;h. bkbk bkigs okJ/ B/ fJE/ t~vk ezw ehsk, jkbKfe P[o{ ftu T[j fJ;d/ ;woEe BjhA ;h.
pzpJh, T[Zso gqd/P, fpjko, T[Vh;k, n;w ftu th fJ; g'qrokw T[s/ ekch nwb j'fJnk, gqzs{ wdok; ftu
fJ; Bz{ ;cbsk BjhA fwbh.
tehbK B/ t~v/ g?wkB/ T[s/ ndkbsK dk pfjPeko sK BjhA ehsk, gqzs{ d/P d/ ikB/–wkB/ tehbK, fit/A ;hHnkoH
dk;, w'shbkb Bfjo{, n?wHnkoH i?eo, feub{, tb~G GkJh gN/b, ;hH okir'gkbkukoh, NhH gqekPw ns/
nk;c nbh d/ tekbs S~vD Bkb b'e pj[s T[s;kjs j'J/. frDsh dh fdqPNh Bkb fJ; tko th pzrkb gfjb/
Bzpo s/ fojk, T[;d/ pknd nKXo, T[Zso gqd/P, eoBkNe ns/ gzikp.
gqG{dk; rKXh wjkswk rKXh d/ Bkb d/P d/ d"o/ s/ rJ/ ;B. T[j d;d/ jB fe d{o doki d/ ;N/PBK T[s/, id'A
r~vh yVh j[zdh, sK rKXh ih ;N/PB s/ yV/ b'eK Bz{ efjzd/ fe s[;hA b'e g{ok egVk Bk ;jh, fto'X iskT[D bJh
nkgDh grVh, d[g~Nk iK N'gh Bz{ jh T[sko d/t'. b'e c'oB nkgDk d[g~Nk, N'gh iK grVh fi; d/ e'b i'
j[zdk, T[sko fdzd/.

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