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Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
          Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh )
          Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
          Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh0) )) )
          Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
                     BØN           J    1858 d/ Gkos ;oeko nfXfB:w d[nkok Gkosh gqPk;B dk fB:zsoD ezgBh s'A y'j e/ fpqfNP okiw[e[N
                                        (Crown) Bz{ ;"Ag fd~sk frnk.
                                   J    wjkokDh dh x'PDk d/ nB[;ko,@ y/soK dk ;hwk ft;sko (extension of territorial possessions)@
                                        dh Bhsh ysw eo fd~sh rJh ns/ “;EkfBe okfinK d/ nfXeko, wkB ns/ ;ZwkB@ Bz{ nkgD/ jh ;wkB
                                        ;zo~fynD dk ftPtk; d[nkfJnk frnk. nzro/ih gqik dh j~fsnk d/ d'PhnK Bz{ S~v e/ pkeh ;G Bz{ w[nkc
                                        eo fd~sk frnk.

                                   J    :{ogh ;?fBeK Bz{ ;w/A ;w/A s/ fJzrb?Av G/i e/ UjBk dk BthAeoD (renovation) ehsk iKdk ;h.
                                        :{ogh ;?fBeK dh 1857 s'A gfjbK dh ;zfynk i' gfjbK 2,38, 000 ;h, j[D 1,40,000 fBPfus
                                        eo fd~sh rJh ns/ fJ~e ;kXkoD ;{so (formula) fJj pD frnk fe pzrkb gq?Ihv?A;h ft~u :{ogh
                                        ns/ Gkosh ;?fBeK dk nB[gks 1L2 j'Dk ukjhdk j?
                                   J    fJ; s~E Bz{ fInkdk s'A fInkdk o{g ft~u nB[Gt ehsk frnk fe fJ; ftdo'j dk fJ~e w{bG{s ekoD,
                                        Pkf;sK ns/ Pk;eK d/ ft~u ;zgoe dk Bk j'Dk ;h.

                                   J    1857 d/ ftdo'j B/ fJ~e :[r dk nzs eo fd~sk ns/ fJ~e BthB :[r d/ phi p'J/.gqkd/fPe ft;sko dh EK s/
                                        nkofEe P'PD dk :[r nkozG j;fJnk.nzro/ih ;kwoki d/ bJh ;kwzstkdh :[r dk vo ;dk bJh ysw j'
                                        frnk ns/ nzro/ih ;kwoki d/ bJh BthA u[B"sh T[; gqrshPhb Gkos s'A jh nkJh i' 19thA Pskpdh d/
                                        T[dkotkdh nzro/iK ns/ ikB ;N{noN fw~b (John Stuart Mill) d/ doPB s/ gfbnk ;h.


                                   7H7 Ppde'P
                                   7H7 Ppde'P
                                   7H7 Ppde'P  (Keywords)
                                   7H7 Ppde'P
                                   7H7 Ppde'P
                                   J    ;t~stkfXeko      L  ;t~st o{g ft~u j'D tkbk nfXeko
                                   J    nfeAuB           L  pj[s rohp, dfo~do


                                   7H8 nfGnk; gqPB  (Review Questions)
                                   7H8 nfGnk; gqPB
                                   7H8 nfGnk; gqPB
                                   7H8 nfGnk; gqPB
                                   7H8 nfGnk; gqPB
                                   1.   1857 d/ ftdo'j d/ okiBhfse ekoDK dk toDB eo'.
                                   2.   1857 JhH d/ ftdo'j d/ ssekfbe ekoDK dh ;whfynkswe ftt/uBk eo'.
                                   3.   ftdo'j d/ nkozG ns/ gq;ko dh ftnkfynk eo'.
                                   4.   ftdo'j dh n;cbsk d/ ekoDK T[Zs/ gqekP gkU.
                                   5.   1857 d/ ftdo'j d/ Bshi/ dk ftPb/PDkswe ftt/uB eo'.

                                   T[ZsoL ;t^w[~bKeD
                                   T[ZsoL ;t^w[~bKeD
                                   T[ZsoL ;t^w[~bKeD
                                   T[ZsoL ;t^w[~bKeD  (Answers: Self Assessment)
                                   T[ZsoL ;t^w[~bKeD
                                   1H    (i)  “w/wD/ d/ o{g ft~u G/VhJ/@              (ii) bkov e?fBzr
                                         (iii)  nB[g;fEs gqG{;~sk (Absente Sovereigntyship)
                                         (iv)  ;{p/dko                                (v) 500 o[gJ/
                                   2H    (i) y           (ii)  x       (iii) r        (iv) e        (v) x


                                   7H9 ;zdoG g[;seK
                                   7H9 ;zdoG g[;seK  (Further Readings)
                                   7H9 ;zdoG g[;seK
                                   7H9 ;zdoG g[;seK
                                   7H9 ;zdoG g[;seK
                                        p[e;  1H  ;[szsosk dk fJfsjk;, phH n?bH rqto ns/ :Pgkb, n?; uzd n?Av ezgBh fbH, okwBro fd~bh
                                                                          Ø
                                              2H ;[szsosk ;zrqkw, ftfgB uzdo, fjzdh wkfXnw ekoits, fBd/Pkfbnk fd~bh ftPtftfdnkbk
                                              3H nkX[fBe Gkos, n?;H e/H gKv/, gq:kr nekdwh fJbkjkpkd



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