Page 129 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

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og ftu g;k dh yi d fybkc nkrkj ehsk, bJh ieo j fe eh jfJnk, fJj Bkrfoe ;wki ftu frnkB,
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tkXk fGPNkuko, ;eN ftu gkTDk PKsh ns ;ofynk nXhB;E jtrk. ;sojthA ;dh d fJrbAv ftu JE /
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A; bJh fJ; soK ehshnK ;h. dBK ;wkiK ftu, fcbk;|h BjhA ofj frnkB ns ;ukJh fJj e;o bJh ikoh
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ehsk frnk ;h, bfeB fJe fidk ewkJh eoD bJh fJe ;kXB d og ftu tfynk frnk ;h. okiBhse ;B /
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jk j fe Tj ikD eok fdsk ;h fe fJj i be frnkB d pikJ g;k pDkTD d Bkb j;s ePb ;B dh ;bkj
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T¤s Go;k eoD bJh jfsnkok jtrk.
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6H3 j'p; d/ okiBhse fcbk;|h (Hobbes’ Political Philosophy)
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jp; sBkt ns d wbe wBy fJSk i PKs ns fJe ;ot PeshwkB ;gG ;sk dnkok fBnsfos dh Ioos
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d og ftu ;tkoE vo T¤s ;h. fJe ;gG dh jkioh fJe okiBhse ;wki tbA ty edos dk fJe oki j.
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;wkfie ;Xh dh irsh dk g:r, jp; ;gGsk dh edos, T;d ;EkB, ftnesh d Bkb ;pX, fJe ;oeko
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d Iooh ewK, ns fJe oki d wb d pko ftu ft;Eko tbA df;nk. jp; ;kok ekƒBh ;gGsk bJh fJe
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wkwb dk pukt ehsk j, d pknd tbA ;gG ;sk fJe f;cao okPh yb dk Bshik ;h. ;kok Pesh goh
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ftt;Ek ;fB;fus ehsh. fJ;d ftgohs, fJ;dh nBg;fEsh nokiesk dk wsbp j.
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;ukJh fJj j fe nroIh ;;d ukob; tbA wA nfXekoK dh fJe wr ƒ eYD ftu ;cb d fXnkB ftu oyd /
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jJ, jp; Thucydides d nkgD nBtkd (1628) d wkfXnw tbA ;Ekgs ;oeko d Bkb fe; th n;sP d /
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fybkc nkgD gkmeK ƒ fusktBh fdsh. TBKB fJj th besso ns fJe rDsso illusionary d wBkcak d /
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fybkc fusktBh fdsh. Tj ;ukJh fJj j fe nroIh okiBhse gDkbh ƒ pjs ;jDk og tbA ekoi BjhA eo
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fojk ;h dh fBfdnk ehsh j, ns fteko ns xo bVkJh d BshihnK d pko ftu fuss ;h.
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w;hpsK wfBnk iKdk j fe ns ftu 1640 ftu gi, nrb 20 ;kb d eohp bJh ;EkJh jp;. fJ; fwnkd
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d dokB, fJrbAv Pkjh ns ;;dh pbK, 1649 ftu ukob; wA d fBPgkdB, ns eokwtb d sfjs fJe eV /
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Bshesktkdh Pk;B d ftu fJe ;xoP dk nBGt ehsk. :r ukob; d;o d sfjs okiPkjh dh pjkbh d /
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Bkb fJe ƒ yasw eoD bJh nkfJnk ;h. n;b ftu, fsB ty nshftnkgh ;xoP Pkfwb ;B.
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1H oki d fybkc ;;dH
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2H ;Ekgs froik xo d fybkc.
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3H e;phnK, pdorkjK, ns ossified, gokD, Pkjh monopolists ns IwhB wkfbeK d fybkc gAv {
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fJbkehnK d ft;Eko nkoEe skesK.
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fJj okiBhse, Xkofwe ns nkoEe f;XKsA, ftftX TsgkdB ns ;wkfie ftukoK d g;ko d fJe ;wK
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contending dk ekb ;h. 17 ;dh okiBhse ns Xkofwe ;u ftu ftPG tyh, fJe wbe tukfoe
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pdbkt ftu fbnkTD. sih tbA, ;wdkJ fJe fJe ftneshrs TdP ns fJSktK dh gosh bJh nkg;h
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;wMs d nkXko T¤s ;Xh d wkfXnw tbA nkgDh fJfSnk tbA pDkfJnk fto{gD rtkjh d og ftu tfynk
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frnk ;h. fJj okiBhse nfXeko, BhnK ehsk ik ;edk j byk iyk ns pdb frnk j, bJh fJj fJe
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;ftXkB ns eƒB tbA pkX: ehsk frnk ;h fe, ns edos ftu eJh bwh pojwtkd dk wsbZp j.
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;ftXkBe oki ftu BthA okiBhse ns okiBhse theorizing d rmB d ftPk d og ftu T¤Go fojk j.
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jp; fJ; BthA fJekJh d Bkb jkEkgkJh eoD bJh gfjbh tko ;h.
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