Page 157 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

B'N
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ns d pko ftu df;nk. filmer ns BjhA jp; be (laslett 1960L 60) d wy ftoXh ;h. BjhA jh be /
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jp; dh fJe Yfenk jfJnk ns Tdkotkdh ;;eoD gP ehsk frnk ;h, d og ftu do tbA 17 th ;dh d /
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doPeK d eM beK dnkok fJbIkw brkfJnk.
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be ;kwkie ;Xh dh seBhe ƒ ngBkfJnk ;wMkTD ehsh j fe fB:we okiBhse nfXeko nkgD beK ƒ,
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i idA ftnesh dh nikdh dh TbxDk ehsk frnk ;h iK eNsh ƒ tkg; fbnk ik ;edk j dh ;fjwsh tbA '
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gkgs ehsk frnk j. d rEK dk ;woEB ehsk ns fB:we okiBhse ;sk dh wYbnK f;XKsA, i d og ftu
gfoGkfPsehsk frnk ;h d og ftu nikdh, ;fjwsh ns ikfJdkd dk puktL
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... ws dk ;ik ns cb;og ;ko xN ;i d Bkb ekƒB pDkTD, ftfBnwB ns ikfJdkd
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dk fjckIs eoD d bJh ns ;wdkJ d io oirko d nfij ekƒBK d fBPgkdB ftu
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ns ftdPh iKu tbA okPNowvb d pukt ftu ns fJ; ;G dk nfXekoetb be GbkJh
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(308 be 1960) d bJh.
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be fJe ftPtk; d og ftu fJe fij nkgD TdPK ns TdP fBofdPN ;wdkJ d Bkb okiBhse ;sk t /
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fynk. TBK B fBogePtkd ns fgsssotkd dh filmer dkntk ykfoi eo fdsk.
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nikdh ns/ nfXekoK (Freedom and Rights)
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wfXnTrhB do ;funk ns edosh nfXeko rohe doPB ftu edosh ekƒB d f;XKs gogok nfXekoK dh
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XkoBk d wb dk gsk brkfJnk ik ;edk j. 12 th ;dh ftu, :ogh ftu T¤Gfonk nfXeko dh ntXkoDk
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;funk frnk ;h ns goh soK tbA fJe ;;rs f;XKse T;koh ftu 14 th ;dh d ns se ftef;s.
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fJskbth dkoPBe ns EnbfinB, fiBK d bJh JeftBk; T¤E ftneshrs BkrfoeK d nfXekoK dh sbDk
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ftu Bfse eostK T¤s Io fdsk pfjwv ftu fJe nsofBfjs Pesh d og ftu op fdsk jfJnk edosh
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ekƒB n;shst. pjojkb, fJ; edosh ekƒB d f;XKsA dk TdGt bJh 14 th ;dh d pknd f;XKse
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gPmGwh, nkXfBe XowfBogy ysoh oki d eofwe ftek; d Bkb iv dk rmB ehsk ;h.
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ftneshrs nfXeko ;kwsh ftt;Ek d Bkb i fJe wPeb ;sk ;ouBk ftu eJh wsbp BjhA ;h tyok
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Gfink ikrhodko gG ns okik fJe di ;sbB. fJ; Bkie bfeB ;EkJh ;kwkie ;sbB okiktK d fJe
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;kok Jh;to d nfXeko d 1610 ftu fJrbAv ftu i; wA Io tbA uDsh fdsh rJh ;h. ;do nfXeko d /
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f;XKs d bkr ;Xh f;XKs dh tkXk fe fJe ;hfws ;ftXkBe oki d TdGt d nfXekoK dh xPDk d pknd
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bJh o;sk gP;s eoD bJh nrtkJh ehsk, 1688 d nfXeko d ftX:e, fJ; soK oki d ftu fJe BtA /
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foPs vokfJrno ftneshrs. 17 th ;dh d ns se, gihtkdh xNBktK bJh gshoX eoD bJh fJ;
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geko d g;skt ftu ;Ekgs, fJe gfoenk j fe nkoEe ns seBheh soeh tyh j, fBih fjws dh tkXk
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ns yshpkVh d ftnkt;kJheoD dh Td:re eKsh ftu pDh n;shst yasw j frnk ;h. fJj fJrbAv ftu
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;h fe ftneshrs nfXeko, ;ftXkBe ;oeko, okiBhse besso ns Td:re eKsh dhnK ntXkoDktK
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;xDk ns ftef;s.
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be okiktK ns okiBhse ;sk dh edosh ftt;Ek d dth nfXeko d ftuko ƒ ykfoi eo fdsk ns wBy
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;wkBsk dh XkoBk T¤Bs. TBK d f;XKs fJe cow ns ftneshrs ns GrtkB d ftu ;gPN Bfse ;pX
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T¤s nokw ehsk. jkbkfe ihtB fJe Tgjko ;h fe GrtkB B edos dk fJe pfBnkdh Bfse ekƒB eJh
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fJe mhe ;h nkgD nkg ƒ wkoB iK BPN, uoh iK d;onK ƒ nkgD t; ftu eoDk, d og ftu GrtkB tbA '
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