Page 165 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

B'N
fJZe nbg ;µfyne ;fjwsh pj[ws tb'A Pk;B j't/rk. noµG dk ns/ jw/Pk ;fjwsh d/ wkfXnw tb'A, b'e/
[
'
/
µ
[
/
[
/
nfXeko d Bkb fe fB:we Pesh ;:es Pesh Io d dnko filimer dh nkb'uBk tb'A wbkeks ehsh.
'
'
µ
'
'
Z
/
;oeko wBwkB Yr tbA BjhA j ;edk jL fJj fJe fij ekƒB i ;kotifBe ns ftnesh cowkB d nXhB
?
/
/
/
Z
[
BjhA ;B dnkok pkX: ehsk frnk ;h. ;ko nkdwnK Pkf;s jo fe; d og ftu fJe jh fB:w tbA BjhA sK
/
Z
/
/
'
{
µ
[
[
µ
?
/
/
Q
[
'
Z
'
{
/
fJj nkdwnK d edosh Bfse ;wkBsk dh TbxDk jtrk. TBK B ;gPN ehsk fe beK ƒ io nfBnkfJgoD
'
'
/
/
/
q
ns }oekƒBh gkfXeoD d fybkc jh fJ;swkb eo ;ed jB. pjws tbA ntfrnk d nfXeko dk g:r
Z
[
/
/
?
q
'
Z
[
?
/
'
/
Z
ehsk ik ;edk j ns BjhA fJe ftnesh iK fJe SN ;wj dnkok.
{
be dh fid j fe oki d ekƒB tbA T¤s fJe T¤u ekƒB nkXfBe besfoe f;XKs dk fJe fj;k pB frnk.
Z
µ
/
[
'
µ
/
'
[
Z
'
[
Z
/
?
/
'
[
/
/
[
Z
fJj nfXeko gkodoPh, itkpdj ns eeow ns dog:r bJh spdhbh d nXhB eo fdsk. Tj th
[
/
[
/
q
{
/
"
'
Z
'
/
q
Q
nkgNhfw;N ;h fe beK ƒ TBK d eVh dtkJh d og ftu nebwdh tbA gshoX ns eKsh d nfXeko dk
'
µ
/
'
'
/
?
Z
g:r eoDr ns BjhA fJe dfBe oNh d og ftu. fJj etb idA TBKƒ nfj;k; jfJnk fe eKsh fJe
{
/
'
q
/
Q
[
'
Z
Z
/
q
'
fpjso ;kwkie ftt;Ek ftu Bshik j, fe Tj ;kotifBe wkwfbnK ftu jo SNh egpXB iK SNk ekoDK
'
q
?
[
µ
[
Z
Z
/
'
/
'
/
'
/
'
'
bJh fJj ns ;jkok BjhA jtrk. be iodko Yr tbA fejk fe ;fjwsh d nkXko T¤s ;oekoK, pkrh ƒ beK
/
µ
[
/
d nfXeko d Bkb fwbe, p}kts d fybkc uro jV ;B. beK ƒ ii ns nfXeko dk nkebB eoD dk
Z
'
/
µ
/
Q
/
/
/
/
[
Z
'
Z
nfXeko ;h, i jD gftso iK fBokbk ;h. be fJe rj ik ojh contractualist d og ftu T¤Gfonk, jp;
?
{
/
[
'
/
'
Z
/
fi;d gfo;o ;ftdkswe ;B, bfeB fi;dk f;Nk okiBhse fBogePtkd fttfus d ftgohs, jkbkfe dBK
µ
/
/
/
'
/
okiktK ns oki d ;do wb d dth nfXeko ƒ ngtkBrh eo fdsk. be finkdk nIkd ;uko ns finkdk
q
{
Z
µ
/
?
/
/
/
'
/
µ
[
[
'
"
/
tbA finkdk SV d Bkb ftPtk; j fe eKsh bJh xN dh bV jtrh ;h. Tj pkjo Pk;B nokiesk ns fJe
Z
/
/
'
?
'
Z
q
;;ekoh$;fGnkukoh. ns ;;ekoh$;fGnkukoh. ihtB ƒ pDkJ oyD bJh f;oc fJe Bkrfoe nfXeko bJh
Z
/
/
µ
Z
µ
/
Z
[
'
dh Ioos T¤s Io fdskL
{
'
/
'
;bjthA ;dh d/ gqN;N/AN gqsho'X f;XKseko'A d/ ftgohs, b'e ftt/e iK Xow d/ gqfspµXK
/
T¤s TBK d eKshtkdh f;XKs BjhA nkXko ;h, 1640 d nroIh ;;dK d ftgohs, Tj
µ
Q
/
[
/
[
[
/
/
µ
q
/
/
Z
fJj nroIh ekƒB ftu TdkjoDK d nkXko ;h, algernon f;vBh d ftgohs, Tj EkJ /
/
/
[
[
µ
?
/
[
'
e nkswe ns metapsychologi. nikdh edosh nfXeko T¤s nkXko BjhA j, ;rA Tj
[
[
/
q
µ
okiBhsh ftu Tfus ;sbB dh pjkbh bJh fJe ;iw nXhB ns wfBnk iKdk eKsh dh
Z
µ
Z
[
µ
[
/
tekbs ehsh.
/
/
[
'
be Xkofwe ;fjBPhbsk ns pjbtkd dk pukt ehsk. gso ftu TBK B f;tb wfi;NoN eost ;god
Z
/
[
[
Z
Q
Z
/
Z
?
ihtB, nikdh ns ;oho d nkb; okPNowvb d wpoK dh ofynk. Tj f;tb PKsh ns nkgD beK dh
'
[
/
/
µ
/
/
/
[
q
µ
/
µ
;ofynk ns ;oePk bJh Xkofwe gEk ƒ ftfBnfws eoD bJh fIwdko wfi;NoN dk gpX ehsk. jkbkfe
z
Z
/
q
/
/
?
[
wfi;NoN fetA fJ; yasw jdk j ƒ pVktk dD bJh d bJh gow ii ;h, nkgD c;b finkdk Go;:r BjhA
/
/
/
Z
?
/
'
'
/
µ
/
Z
Z
Z
[
?
Z
[
'
/
'
j ;edk j, fe fe; th jo ftPtk; dh sbDk ftu ;Gkn ftu eo ;edk j,. ftuko fJj ;h fe ;u ftu jh
?
Z
'
/
?
[
/
/
'
/
'
/
pknd br ;edk j. wfi;NoN ƒ fJj ;fB;fus eoDk jtrk fe ns beK d efbnkD ns oki dh bV d /
'
'
fJbktk jo eJh ekƒB BjhA pDkfJnk ns BjhA jh fe; th wipoh ;Ekgs ;B. eJh Xkofwe ftPtk;A d /
/
'
'
/
{
z
/
Z
/
Bkb j;seyg eoD dh efPP pfJB;k|h j ;edk j, bJh jo fJe ftnesh ƒ nkgD jh wesh bJh fIwdko
'
[
Z
?
/
/
'
/
/
[
'
;h. be ;gPN ;h fe eJh th fe; jo ftnesh bJh fJe Pesh j fe Tj BjhA j d ;ed j. TBK B fJj
?
?
/
Q
/
'
[
Z
Z
/
'
?
158
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY